Lot number
Encyclopedia
A lot number is an identification number assigned to a particular quantity or lot of material from a single manufacturer. Lot numbers can typically be found on the outside of packaging. For cars, the same thing is called a Vehicle Identification Number
Vehicle identification number
A Vehicle Identification Number, commonly abbreviated to VIN, is a unique serial number used by the automotive industry to identify individual motor vehicles. VINs were first used in 1954...

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The idea is that the lot number enables tracing of the constituent parts or ingredients as well as labour and equipment records involved in the manufacturing of a product.
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