List of visual anthropology films
Encyclopedia
This is a chronologic list of representative anthropologically-minded films and filmmakers:

  • Alfred C. Haddon  – UK
    • Torres Strait Expedition, 1898

  • Edward S. Curtis
    Edward S. Curtis
    Edward Sheriff Curtis was a photographer of the American West and of Native American peoples.-Early life:...

    – US
    • In the Land of the Head Hunters
      In the Land of the Head Hunters
      In the Land of the Head Hunters is a 1914 silent film fictionalizing the world of the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples of the Queen Charlotte Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada, written and directed by Edward S. Curtis and acted entirely by Kwakwaka'wakw natives...

      , 1916

  • Robert J. Flaherty
    Robert J. Flaherty
    Robert Joseph Flaherty, F.R.G.S. was an American filmmaker who directed and produced the first commercially successful feature length documentary film, Nanook of the North...

    – US
    • Nanook of the North
      Nanook of the North
      Nanook of the North is a 1922 silent documentary film by Robert J. Flaherty. In the tradition of what would later be called salvage ethnography, Flaherty captured the struggles of the Inuk Nanook and his family in the Canadian arctic...

      , 1922
    • Moana, 1926
    • Man of Aran
      Man of Aran
      Man of Aran is a fictional documentary by Robert J. Flaherty about life on the Aran Islands off the western coast of Ireland. It portrays characters living in premodern conditions, documenting their daily routines such as fishing off high cliffs, farming potatoes where there is little soil, and...

      , 1934
    • Tabu, 1936
    • Louisiana Story, 1948

  • José Leitão de Barros
    José Leitão de Barros
    José Leitão de Barros was a Portuguese film director and playwright.Among his most famous films are Maria do Mar , the second docufiction after ...

    – Portugal
    • Maria do Mar, 1930
    • Ala-Arriba! (film)
      Ala-Arriba! (film)
      Ala-Arriba! is a 1942 Portuguese romantic docufiction set in Póvoa de Varzim, a traditional Portuguese fishing town.Dealing with ethnographic matters, it may be considered as an ethnofiction. The film was directed by Leitão de Barros, and stars real fishermen as themselves in order to give a...

      , 1942
  • Jean Epstein
    Jean Epstein
    Jean Epstein was a French filmmaker, film theorist, literary critic, and novelist. Although he is remembered today primarily for his adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's The Fall of the House of Usher, Epstein directed three dozen films and was an influential critic of literature and film from the...

    – Poland

  • Jean Rouch
    Jean Rouch
    Jean Rouch was a French filmmaker and anthropologist.He is considered to be one of the founders of the cinéma vérité in France, which shared the aesthetics of the direct cinema spearheaded by Richard Leacock, D.A. Pennebaker and Albert and David Maysles...

    – France
    • Les Maîtres Fous
      Les Maîtres Fous
      Les maîtres fous is a short film directed by Jean Rouch, a well-known French film director and ethnologist. It is a docufiction, his first ethnofiction, genre of which he is considered to be the creator.-Historical background:...

       (The Mad Masters), 1954
    • Moi, un noir
      Moi, un noir
      Moi, un noir is a 1958 French ethnofiction film directed by Jean Rouch. The film is set in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. It won the 1958 Louis Delluc Prize....

      , 1958
    • Chronique d’un été (Chronicle of a Summer), 1961
    • Jaguar (film)
      Jaguar (film)
      Jaguar is a 1979 Filipino drama film directed by Lino Brocka. It was entered into the 1980 Cannes Film Festival.-Cast:* Phillip Salvador - Poldo* Amy Austria - Cristy* Menggie Cobarrubias - Sonny* Anita Linda - Mother* Johnny Delgado - Direk...

      , 1954 – 1967
    • Petit à petit, 1972

  • Lionel Rogosin
    Lionel Rogosin
    Lionel Rogosin was a maverick independent American filmmaker who helped pioneer a form of non-fiction filmmaking influenced by the traditions of Robert Flaherty and Italian neorealism.-Early life:...

    – US
    • On the Bowery
      On the Bowery
      On the Bowery is a 1956 American documentary film directed by Lionel Rogosin. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature....

      , 1957
    • Come Back, Africa
      Come Back, Africa
      Come Back, Africa is the second feature-length film written, produced, and directed by American independent filmmaker Lionel Rogosin. The film had a profound effect on African Cinema, and remains of great historical and cultural importance as a document preserving the unique heritage of the...

      , 1957

  • John Marshall
    John Marshall (filmmaker)
    John Marshall was an American anthropologist and acclaimed documentary filmmaker best known for his work in Namibia recording the lives of the Ju/'hoansi tribe...

    – US
    • The Hunters (1957 film)
      The Hunters (1957 film)
      The Hunters is a 1957 ethnographic film about a giraffe hunt in the Kalahari Desert by four members of the JuǀʼHoansi tribe. The footage was shot by John Marshall during a Smithsonian-Harvard Peabody sponsored expedition in 1952–53....

      , 1957
    • A Kalahari Family, 1951 – 2000

  • António Campos
    António Campos
    António Campos was one of the pioneer filmmakers of visual anthropology in Portugal. Mainly using pure documentary techniques, he shot ethnographic films and tried docufiction...

    – Portugal
    • A Almadraba atuneira (Tuna net), 1961
    • Vilarinho das Furnas, 1971
    • Histórias selvagens (Savage stories), 1978
    • Falamos de Rio de Onor (Let’s talk about Rio de Onor)
    • Gente da Praia da Vieira (The people of Praia da Vieira), 1976
    • Terra fria (Cold land), 1992
  • Manoel de Oliveira
    Manoel de Oliveira
    Manoel Cândido Pinto de Oliveira, GCSE is a Portuguese film director born in Cedofeita, Porto. He began working on films in the late 1920s, but did not receive international recognition until the early 1970s. Since the late 1980s he has been one of the most prolific working film directors and...

    – Portugal
    • Acto da Primavera (Act of Spring), 1963
  • Michel Brault
    Michel Brault
    Michel Brault, OQ is a Quebec cinematographer, cameraman, film director, screenwriter and film producer. He is a leading figure of Direct Cinema, characteristic of the French branch of the National Film Board of Canada in the 1960s...

    – Canada
    • Pour la suite du monde
      Pour la suite du monde
      Pour la suite du monde is a 1963 Canadian documentary film directed by Michel Brault and Pierre Perrault. It was entered into the 1963 Cannes Film Festival....

      , (Of Whales, the Moon and Men), 1963
    • Les Ordres (Orderers) 1975
    • Les Noces de papier
      Les Noces de papier
      The Paper Wedding is a 1989 made for television Canadian film directed by Michel Brault, screenplay by Jefferson Lewis. It was entered into the 40th Berlin International Film Festival.-Plot:The action is taking place in Montréal, Québec....

       (Paper wedings), 1990
  • Pierre Perrault
    Pierre Perrault
    Pierre Perrault was a Québécois documentary film director. He directed 20 films between 1963 and 1996. He was one of the most important filmmakers in Canada although largely unknown outside of Québec...

    – Canada
    • Pour la suite du monde
      Pour la suite du monde
      Pour la suite du monde is a 1963 Canadian documentary film directed by Michel Brault and Pierre Perrault. It was entered into the 1963 Cannes Film Festival....

       (Of Whales, the Moon and Men, 1963
  • Robert Gardner – US
    • Dead Birds, 1964
    • The Nuer, 1970
    • Rivers of Sand
      Rivers of Sand
      Rivers of Sand is a 1973 documentary film by Robert Gardner that portrays the Hamar people of southwestern Ethiopia.-External links:*Rivers of Sand *Rivers of Sand...

      , 1975
    • Forest of Bliss
      Forest of Bliss
      Forest of Bliss is a 1986 documentary film by ethnographic filmmaker Robert Gardner about everyday life in Benares, India.-External links:*Production detailed in by Gardner and Akos Ostor.*...

      , 1986
    • Dead Birds, 1964
    • The Nuer, 1970
    • Rivers of Sand
      Rivers of Sand
      Rivers of Sand is a 1973 documentary film by Robert Gardner that portrays the Hamar people of southwestern Ethiopia.-External links:*Rivers of Sand *Rivers of Sand...

      , 1975
    • Forest of Bliss
      Forest of Bliss
      Forest of Bliss is a 1986 documentary film by ethnographic filmmaker Robert Gardner about everyday life in Benares, India.-External links:*Production detailed in by Gardner and Akos Ostor.*...

      , 1986

  • David MacDougall and Judith MacDougall – AUS

digest
    • Nawi, 1968/1970
    • Three Horsemen, 1978/1982
    • Stockman's Strategy, 1982/1984
    • Collum Calling Canberra, 1982/1984
    • Doon School Chronicles,1997-1998/2000
    • Diyas, 1997/2000



  • Sarah Elder (films co-directed by Leonard Kamerling) – Australia
    • Tununeremiut, 1972
    • At the Time of Whaling, 1974
    • On the Spring Ice, 1975
    • From the First People, 1977
    • The Drums of Winter, 1988
    • In Iirgus Time, 1988
    • Joe Sun, 1988
    • Reindeer Thief, 1988

  • Ricardo Costa
    Ricardo Costa (filmmaker)
    Ricardo Costa is a Portuguese film director and producer.Most of his filmography consists of documentary films, many of them being contaminated by fiction...

    – Portugal
    • Avieiros, 1975
    • Mau tempo, marés e mudança (Changing Tides
      Changing Tides
      Changing Tides is a Portuguese feature-length film by Ricardo Costa, his first docufiction, preceding Bread and Wine and Mists ....

      ), 1976
    • Castro Laboreiro
      Castro Laboreiro
      Castro Laboreiro is a village in northern Portugal, one of the 18 parishes of the Melgaço munincipality, in the district of Viana do Castelo. It is in the mountain range of the Laboreiro. As of 2001 the area had 726 inhabitants...

      , 1979
    • Pitões, aldeia do Barroso (Pitoes, a village of Barroso
      Pitoes, a village of Barroso
      Pitões, aldeia do Barroso – Pitoes, a Village of Barroso – is a Portuguese documentary feature film directed and produced by Ricardo Costa.-History:This film is the second part of the tetralogy, "Homem Montanhês"...

      ), 1979
    • O Pão e o Vinho (Bread and Wine (film), 1981
    • Longe é a cidade
      Longe é a cidade
      Longe é a cidade – Far is the city is a Portuguese documentary film directed and produced by Ricardo Costa.-Synopsis:The film is part three of the tetralogy Homem Montanhês...

       (Far is the city), 1981
    • Ao fundo desta estrada (Further ahead on this road) 1981

  • António Reis
    António Reis
    António Reis was a Portuguese film director. He was married to Margarida Cordeiro, co-director in most of his films. He is considered as one of the most important directors of his country, due to the originality of his style.-Filmography:...

    and Margarida Cordeiro – Portugal
    • Trás-os-Montes
      Trás-os-Montes (region)
      Trás-os-Montes was one of the 13 regions of continental Portugal identified by geographer Amorim Girão, in a study published between 1927 and 1930.Together with Alto Douro it formed Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Province.- See also :...

      , 1976
    • Ana (film), 1984

  • Noémia Delgado
    Noémia Delgado
    Noémia Delgado , is a Portuguese Television and Film Screenwriter, editor and Director.-Background:...

    – Portugal
    • Máscaras
      Mascaras
      Mascaras may refer to the following places in France:*Mascaras, Gers, a commune in the Gers department*Mascaras, Hautes-Pyrénées, a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department...

       (Masks), 1976

  • Bob Connolly and Robin Anderson
    • First Contact, 1983
    • Joe Leahy’s Neighbors, 1988
    • Black Harvest, 1991

  • Dennis O'Rourke
    Dennis O'Rourke
    Dennis O'Rourke is an Australian documentary filmmaker.- Biography :For most of his childhood, Dennis O'Rourke lived in a small country town, where his parents ran a failing business, until he was sent to a Catholic boarding school for his secondary education...

    – Australia
    • Yumi Yet – Independence for Papua New Guinea, 1976
    • Ileksen – Politics in Papua New Guinea, 1978
    • Yap ... How Did you Know We’d Like TV, 1980
    • The Shark Callers of Kontu, 1982
    • Couldn’t Be Fairer
      Couldn’t Be Fairer
      Couldn't Be Fairer is a 1984 Australian documentary film directed by Dennis O'Rourke, which paints a disturbing portrait of aboriginal life in Queensland, Australia in the 1980s...

      , 1984
    • Half Life: A Parable for the Nuclear Age
      Half Life: A Parable for the Nuclear Age
      Half Life: A Parable for the Nuclear Age is a 1985 Australian documentary film directed by Dennis O'Rourke, concerning the American Castle Bravo nuclear testing at the Marshall Islands in 1954....

      , 1985
    • Cannibal Tours
      Cannibal Tours
      Cannibal Tours is a 1988 documentary film by Australian director and cinematographer Dennis O'Rourke. While it borrows heavily from ethnographic modes of representation, the film is a biting commentary on the nature of modernity....

      , 1988
    • The Good Woman of Bangkok, 1991
    • Cunnamulla, 2000
    • Land Mines -- A Love Story, 2004


  • Jayasinhji Jhala – US
    • Forgotten Headhunters and Apatani Sacrifice, 1978
    • Tragada Bhavai: A Rural Theater Troupe of Gujarat, 1981
    • Journey with Ganapati, 1982
    • Bharvad Predicament, 1987
    • Morning With Asch, 1995
    • Whose Paintings?, 1995
    • Conversation with a Collector: Dialogue with a Docent, 1997
    • Letter to My Nieces, 2000
    • Close Encounters of No Kind, 2002
    • A Zenana: Scenes and Recollections, 2005
    • ShaktiMa no Veh, 2006

  • Pedro Costa
    Pedro Costa
    Pedro Costa is a Portuguese film director.He is acclaimed for using his ascetic style to depict the marginalised people in desperate living situations...

    – Portugal
    • Casa de Lava
      Casa de Lava
      Down to Earth is a 1995 Portuguese drama film directed by Pedro Costa. The film is set in Cape Verde Islands, a former Portuguese colony.The drama is characterized by its reduced narrative, and photographies of the volcano in the Cape Verde islands...

       (Down to Earth), 1994
    • Ossos
      Ossos
      Ossos is a 1997 Portuguese film directed by Pedro Costa.The film is set in "Estrela d'Africa", Fontainhas district of Lisbon, where disadvantaged dwellers and immigrants from former Portuguese colonies in Africa live desperate lives.The story's focus is on a young girl and her lover who become...

       (Bones), 1997
    • No Quarto da Vanda (In Vanda’s room), 2000
    • Juventude em Marcha (Colossal youth), 2006

  • Flora Gomes
    Flora Gomes
    Flora Gomes is a Bissau-Guinean film director. He was born in Cadique, Guinea-Bissau on 31 December, 1949 and after high school in Cuba, he decided to study film at the Cuban Film Institute in Havana....

    – Guiné-Bissau
    • Po di Sangui, 1996
    • Nha Fala, 2002


  • Fernando Meirelles
    Fernando Meirelles
    Fernando Ferreira Meirelles is a Brazilian film director, producer and screenwriter.He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Director in 2004 for his work in the Brazilian film City of God, released in 2002 in Brazil and in 2003 in the U.S. by Miramax Films...

    – Brazil
    • Cidade de Deus, (City of God), 2002

  • Daniel E. Thorbecke
    Daniel E. Thorbecke
    Daniel E. Thorbecke is a German film director seduced by Cape Vert. He produced and directed two films in the Fogo Island.-Filmography:* In Rhythm of Time – 1999* Terra Longe – 2003 -External links:...

    – Germany
    • Terra Longe, (Far distant land), 2003
  • Nena Toth
    Nena Toth
    Nena Toth has directed 27 short films in Europe and North America.Prof. Toth is a graduate from the Film and TV School of The Academy of Performing Arts in Prague , where she has earned a Master’s degree in Cinematography...

    - filmmaker- Canada
    • Phantasmagoria, 2003

  • Chris Horner – Australia
    • The Disappearing of Tuvalu: Trouble In Paradise, 2004

  • Randy Olson
    • Flock of Dodos
      Flock of Dodos
      Flock of Dodos: The Evolution-Intelligent Design Circus is a documentary film by American marine biologist and filmmaker Randy Olson. It highlights the debate between proponents of the concept of intelligent design and the scientific consensus that supports evolution.The documentary was first...

      , 2006
    • Oh, What a Blow that Phantom Gave Me!, 2003 (with John Bishop)

  • Johannes Sjöberg – Sweden / United Kingdom
  • Nena Toth
    Nena Toth
    Nena Toth has directed 27 short films in Europe and North America.Prof. Toth is a graduate from the Film and TV School of The Academy of Performing Arts in Prague , where she has earned a Master’s degree in Cinematography...

    - filmmaker- Canada
    • Canoeing to the Arctic, 2007
  • Monique Derenia - United States
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