Knockewart Loch
Encyclopedia
Knockewart Loch or Loch Jargon was situated in a hollow lying area beneath Knockewart Hill in the Parish of Ardrossan
, North Ayrshire
, Scotland. The old loch has become largely drained and overgrown since the late 19th century.
The Ordnance Survey Map of 1897 shows the loch as having been drained through a breaching of the natural dam bank and a significant deepening of the outflow for a distance of a hundred metres or so.
In 1858 Fullarton records that it was once a haunt of pike, however the accumulation of vegetable matter in the bed of their domain made it unlikely that pike could survive and that it was now an excellent site for the breeding of wild ducks. By 1876 Dobie records that the loch has nearly dried up and is little more than a swamp. The loch's drainage may have begun in the 18th century when Alexander Montgomerie, 10th Earl of Eglinton
, was pursuing a number of agricultural improvements on his extensive estates and other landowners followed his example. Intensive drainage work may have taken place as part of the improvements undertaken to provide employment for Irish estate workers during the Irish potato famines of the mid 19th centuries. Many drainage schemes also date to the end of WWI when many soldiers returned en masse to civilian life.
Busbie Muir Reservoir was constructed in the glen beneath the loch, openning in 1903. The loch's outfall water still drain into it before continuing as the Rowanside Burn, joining the Stanley Burn, flowing over the aqueduct at the Parkhouse Cutting and running into the sea at Ardrossan South Beach. The reservoir is now used by the Ardrossan Eglinton Angling Club.
hilltop burial cairn. Cup-and-ring marked stones are to be found at nearby Blackshaw Hill. Smith records the name 'Knock-Georgan'. A fort with a double ditch cut from rock is located near Coalhill.
, to the Crawfurds of Auchnames ; subsequently it came into the possession of the Mures of Caldwell. In 1713 John Simson of Kirkton-hall, parish of Kilbride, purchased the property; he was father of Dr Robert Simson, professor of mathematics in the University of Glasgow. The professor never married, and the estate was purchased from his representative, in 1787, by James Montgomerie, Esq., a magistrates of Irvine, a descendant of Adam Montgomerie of Broadstane near Beith. On his death, it was inherited by his eldest daughter, Mary, who married Captain John Brooks, of the 20th regiment, who became proprietor in right of his wife.
's survey of circa 1604, clearly shows the loch and erroneously indicates that it's outflow entered the sea near Montfode. A dwelling named 'Iargan' is recorded and a 'Knokawart'. Herman Moll's map of 1745 marks, but does not name the loch. Roy's map of 1747 shows and names 'Loch Jargen', situated without an inflow burn. Armstrong's map of 1775 does not show the loch, but Knock Jargon fort is clearly marked. William Aiton's map of 1811 shows a loch at Jargon, however the outflow runs in entirely the wrong direction. Thomson's map of 1832 marks and records Loch Jargon.
The 1854-9 Ordnance Survey
map show the loch as open water with small areas of woodland above and below. In 2011 the drainage here remains inadequate and the area is dominated by marsh plants.
, dating from as early as 1340–70, refers to the twittering or chattering of birds. Knock
is from the Gaelic, An Cnoc, refers to a small hill, and as such often fortified.
in 1982, with the following observations - "The loch, which is now completely vegetated being covered in a sphagnum carpet, is extremely interesting. It supports a number of plant communities and a diversity of plant species including cotton grass, bottle sedge and various mosses, especially Polytrichum commune
. The margins are dominated by sharp-flowered rush and the wetland area grades out to dry land where soft rush and grasses dominate."
The site is well suited to birds of prey, snipe and curlew. Willow warbler, tawny owl, chaffinch have been recorded and roe deer are present, together with common lizard and frog. Botanically the site is dominated by Sphagnum mosses and heathers with the carnivorous Sundew commonly encountered. The roe deer have prevented regeneration of the ares of woodland.
and at one time reservoirs were also present at Whitlees, Parkhouse and Millglen.
Coalhill is named from the coal that was once mined on its eastern edge.
Ardrossan
Ardrossan is a town on the North Ayrshire coast in south-western Scotland. The name "Ardrossan" describes its physical position — 'ard' from the Gaelic àird meaning headland, 'ros' a promontory and the diminutive suffix '-an' - headland of the little promontory...
, North Ayrshire
North Ayrshire
North Ayrshire is one of 32 council areas in Scotland with a population of roughly 136,000 people. It is located in the south-west region of Scotland, and borders the areas of Inverclyde to the north, Renfrewshire to the north-east and East Ayrshire and South Ayrshire to the East and South...
, Scotland. The old loch has become largely drained and overgrown since the late 19th century.
History
The loch is recorded as Loch Jargon on the earlier maps after the prominent fort situated nearby. Once Knockewart Farm was established the maps use this name for it.The Ordnance Survey Map of 1897 shows the loch as having been drained through a breaching of the natural dam bank and a significant deepening of the outflow for a distance of a hundred metres or so.
In 1858 Fullarton records that it was once a haunt of pike, however the accumulation of vegetable matter in the bed of their domain made it unlikely that pike could survive and that it was now an excellent site for the breeding of wild ducks. By 1876 Dobie records that the loch has nearly dried up and is little more than a swamp. The loch's drainage may have begun in the 18th century when Alexander Montgomerie, 10th Earl of Eglinton
Alexander Montgomerie, 10th Earl of Eglinton
Alexander Montgomerie, 10th Earl of Eglinton , was a Scottish peer.Eglinton was the son of the 9th Earl of Eglinton. His mother and third wife of the 9th Earl was Susanna Montgomery, Countess of Eglinton the renowned society beauty...
, was pursuing a number of agricultural improvements on his extensive estates and other landowners followed his example. Intensive drainage work may have taken place as part of the improvements undertaken to provide employment for Irish estate workers during the Irish potato famines of the mid 19th centuries. Many drainage schemes also date to the end of WWI when many soldiers returned en masse to civilian life.
Busbie Muir Reservoir was constructed in the glen beneath the loch, openning in 1903. The loch's outfall water still drain into it before continuing as the Rowanside Burn, joining the Stanley Burn, flowing over the aqueduct at the Parkhouse Cutting and running into the sea at Ardrossan South Beach. The reservoir is now used by the Ardrossan Eglinton Angling Club.
Prehistory
A cairn and possible vitrified fort are located at North Hill in the Knockewart Hill (NS 2387 4806). An enclosure (NS 2356 4812) is located near rising ground that has the appearance of having once been cleared of stone and cultivated. No field plots or clearance heaps are identifiable. A well preserved fort is present at Knock Jargon, upon a rock outcrop with steep sides. Surrounding the summit are the remains of two ramparts and ditches constructed upon the slopes, best preserved on the south-side where each is broken by an entrance. Campbell records that Knockjargon is built upon a NeolithicNeolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...
hilltop burial cairn. Cup-and-ring marked stones are to be found at nearby Blackshaw Hill. Smith records the name 'Knock-Georgan'. A fort with a double ditch cut from rock is located near Coalhill.
Lairds
Knook-Ewart (sic) belonged after the Battle of LargsBattle of Largs
The Battle of Largs was an engagement fought between the armies of Norway and Scotland near the present-day town of Largs in North Ayrshire on the Firth of Clyde in Scotland on 2 October 1263. It was the most important military engagement of the Scottish-Norwegian War. The Norwegian forces were...
, to the Crawfurds of Auchnames ; subsequently it came into the possession of the Mures of Caldwell. In 1713 John Simson of Kirkton-hall, parish of Kilbride, purchased the property; he was father of Dr Robert Simson, professor of mathematics in the University of Glasgow. The professor never married, and the estate was purchased from his representative, in 1787, by James Montgomerie, Esq., a magistrates of Irvine, a descendant of Adam Montgomerie of Broadstane near Beith. On his death, it was inherited by his eldest daughter, Mary, who married Captain John Brooks, of the 20th regiment, who became proprietor in right of his wife.
Cartographic evidence
Blaeu's map of 1654, dating from Timothy PontTimothy Pont
Timothy Pont was a Scottish topographer, the first to produce a detailed map of Scotland. Pont's maps are among the earliest surviving to show a European country in minute detail, from an actual survey.-Life:...
's survey of circa 1604, clearly shows the loch and erroneously indicates that it's outflow entered the sea near Montfode. A dwelling named 'Iargan' is recorded and a 'Knokawart'. Herman Moll's map of 1745 marks, but does not name the loch. Roy's map of 1747 shows and names 'Loch Jargen', situated without an inflow burn. Armstrong's map of 1775 does not show the loch, but Knock Jargon fort is clearly marked. William Aiton's map of 1811 shows a loch at Jargon, however the outflow runs in entirely the wrong direction. Thomson's map of 1832 marks and records Loch Jargon.
The 1854-9 Ordnance Survey
Ordnance Survey
Ordnance Survey , an executive agency and non-ministerial government department of the Government of the United Kingdom, is the national mapping agency for Great Britain, producing maps of Great Britain , and one of the world's largest producers of maps.The name reflects its creation together with...
map show the loch as open water with small areas of woodland above and below. In 2011 the drainage here remains inadequate and the area is dominated by marsh plants.
Etymology
Knockjargon is a distinctive and ancient name as indicated by evidence from old maps. The word 'Jargoun' in ScotsScots
Scots may refer to:*The Scottish people, the inhabitants of Scotland*Scots language *Scotch-Irish*Scottish English*Scots pine, a Scottish tree*Short for Pound Scots...
, dating from as early as 1340–70, refers to the twittering or chattering of birds. Knock
Knock, Isle of Lewis
Knock, from the Gaelic, An Cnoc , is an area of the Point peninsula on the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. Point is connected by road across a narrow isthmus to Stornoway, the main administrative centre of the Western Isles...
is from the Gaelic, An Cnoc, refers to a small hill, and as such often fortified.
Natural History
The old loch is a designated wildlife site, surveyed by the Scottish Wildlife TrustScottish Wildlife Trust
The Scottish Wildlife Trust is a registered charity dedicated to conserving the wildlife and natural environment of Scotland.-Description:The Scottish Wildlife Trust has over 32,800 members...
in 1982, with the following observations - "The loch, which is now completely vegetated being covered in a sphagnum carpet, is extremely interesting. It supports a number of plant communities and a diversity of plant species including cotton grass, bottle sedge and various mosses, especially Polytrichum commune
Polytrichum commune
Polytrichum commune is a species of moss found in many regions with high humidity and rainfall...
. The margins are dominated by sharp-flowered rush and the wetland area grades out to dry land where soft rush and grasses dominate."
The site is well suited to birds of prey, snipe and curlew. Willow warbler, tawny owl, chaffinch have been recorded and roe deer are present, together with common lizard and frog. Botanically the site is dominated by Sphagnum mosses and heathers with the carnivorous Sundew commonly encountered. The roe deer have prevented regeneration of the ares of woodland.
Micro-history
The fishing rights on the Rowanside and Stanley Burns were held by the Earls of EglintonEarl of Eglinton
Earl of Eglinton is a title in the Peerage of Scotland.Some authorities spell the title: Earl of Eglintoun In 1859 the thirteenth Earl of Eglinton, Archibald Montgomerie, was also created Earl of Winton in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, which gave him an automatic seat in the House of Lords,...
and at one time reservoirs were also present at Whitlees, Parkhouse and Millglen.
Coalhill is named from the coal that was once mined on its eastern edge.