Kinetic PreProcessor
Encyclopedia
The Kinetic PreProcessor (KPP) is a software tool used in atmospheric chemistry
. Taking a set of chemical reactions and their rate coefficients as input, KPP generates Fortran 90, FORTRAN 77, C
, or Matlab
code
of the resulting ordinary differential equations (ODEs)
. Solving the ODEs allows the temporal integration of the kinetic system. Efficiency is obtained by exploiting the sparsity structures of the Jacobian and of the Hessian
. A comprehensive suite of stiff numerical integrators is also provided. Moreover, KPP can be used to generate the tangent linear model, as well as the continuous and discrete adjoint models of the chemical system.
Atmospheric chemistry
Atmospheric chemistry is a branch of atmospheric science in which the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets is studied. It is a multidisciplinary field of research and draws on environmental chemistry, physics, meteorology, computer modeling, oceanography, geology and...
. Taking a set of chemical reactions and their rate coefficients as input, KPP generates Fortran 90, FORTRAN 77, C
C (programming language)
C is a general-purpose computer programming language developed between 1969 and 1973 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories for use with the Unix operating system....
, or Matlab
MATLAB
MATLAB is a numerical computing environment and fourth-generation programming language. Developed by MathWorks, MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages,...
code
of the resulting ordinary differential equations (ODEs)
Numerical ordinary differential equations
Numerical ordinary differential equations is the part of numerical analysis which studies the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations...
. Solving the ODEs allows the temporal integration of the kinetic system. Efficiency is obtained by exploiting the sparsity structures of the Jacobian and of the Hessian
Hessian matrix
In mathematics, the Hessian matrix is the square matrix of second-order partial derivatives of a function; that is, it describes the local curvature of a function of many variables. The Hessian matrix was developed in the 19th century by the German mathematician Ludwig Otto Hesse and later named...
. A comprehensive suite of stiff numerical integrators is also provided. Moreover, KPP can be used to generate the tangent linear model, as well as the continuous and discrete adjoint models of the chemical system.
Models using KPP
- MECCA - Module Efficiently Calculating the Chemistry of the Atmosphere
- BASCOE - A data assimilationData assimilationApplications of data assimilation arise in many fields of geosciences, perhaps most importantly in weather forecasting and hydrology. Data assimilation proceeds by analysis cycles...
system based on a chemical transport modelChemical transport modelA chemical transport model is a type of computer numerical model which typically simulates atmospheric chemistry.- Chemical transport models and general circulation models :...
and created by the Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBelgian Institute for Space AeronomyThe Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy is a Belgian federal scientific research institute...
(BIRA-IASB) - RACM - Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Mechanism gas-phase chemistry mechanism
- WRF - Weather Research & Forecasting Model