Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant
Encyclopedia
The Kalinin Nuclear Power
Station ( []) is located about 200 kilometres (124.3 mi) north west of Moscow
, in Tver Oblast
near the town of Udomlya
. Owner and operator of the plant is the state enterprise Rosenergoatom
. Kalinin Nuclear Power Station supplies the majority of electricity in the Tver region and additionally serves Moscow
, Saint Petersburg
, and Vladimir
. In 2005 the nuclear power station fed 17.3 TWh into the grid. The station's four 150 metres (492.1 ft) tall cooling tower
s are local landmarks. They were manufactured in 96 concrete sections each.
By March 2009 the containment structure of the new Kalinin Unit 4 reactor was nearly complete. The reactor achieved its first criticality on November 8th, 2011.
Nuclear power
Nuclear power is the use of sustained nuclear fission to generate heat and electricity. Nuclear power plants provide about 6% of the world's energy and 13–14% of the world's electricity, with the U.S., France, and Japan together accounting for about 50% of nuclear generated electricity...
Station ( []) is located about 200 kilometres (124.3 mi) north west of Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, in Tver Oblast
Tver Oblast
Tver Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Its administrative center is the city of Tver. From 1935 to 1990, it was named Kalinin Oblast after Mikhail Kalinin. Population: Tver Oblast is an area of lakes, such as Seliger and Brosno...
near the town of Udomlya
Udomlya
Udomlya is a town and the administrative center of Udomelsky District of Tver Oblast, Russia, located north of Tver, on the Rybinsk–Bologoye railway. Population:...
. Owner and operator of the plant is the state enterprise Rosenergoatom
Rosenergoatom
Rosenergoatom is the Russian nuclear power station operations subsidiary of Atomenergoprom. The company was established on 7 September 1992 in Presidential decree No. 1055: "On operating organization of nuclear power plants in the Russian Federation"...
. Kalinin Nuclear Power Station supplies the majority of electricity in the Tver region and additionally serves Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
, and Vladimir
Vladimir
Vladimir is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, to the east of Moscow along the M7 motorway. Population:...
. In 2005 the nuclear power station fed 17.3 TWh into the grid. The station's four 150 metres (492.1 ft) tall cooling tower
Cooling tower
Cooling towers are heat removal devices used to transfer process waste heat to the atmosphere. Cooling towers may either use the evaporation of water to remove process heat and cool the working fluid to near the wet-bulb air temperature or in the case of closed circuit dry cooling towers rely...
s are local landmarks. They were manufactured in 96 concrete sections each.
By March 2009 the containment structure of the new Kalinin Unit 4 reactor was nearly complete. The reactor achieved its first criticality on November 8th, 2011.
Reactor data
The Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant has four units:| Unit | Reactor type | Net capacity |
Gross capacity |
Construction started |
Electricity Grid |
Commercial Operation |
Shutdown |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kalinin - 1 | VVER VVER The VVER, or WWER, is a series of pressurised water reactors originally developed by the Soviet Union, and now Russia, by OKB Gidropress. Power output ranges from 440 MWe to 1200 MWe with the latest Russian development of the design... -1000/338 |
950 MW Watt The watt is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units , named after the Scottish engineer James Watt . The unit, defined as one joule per second, measures the rate of energy conversion.-Definition:... |
1,000 MW | 1977/02/01 | 1984/05/09 | 1985/06/12 | 2014 |
| Kalinin - 2 | VVER-1000/338 | 950 MW | 1,000 MW | 1982/02/01 | 1986/12/03 | 1987/03/03 | 2016 |
| Kalinin - 3 | VVER-1000/320 | 950 MW | 1,000 MW | 1985/10/01 | 2004/12/16 | 2005/11/08 | 2043 |
| Kalinin - 4 | VVER-1000/320 | 950 MW | 1,000 MW | 1986/08/01 | 2011 planned | - | - |
See also
- Nuclear power in RussiaNuclear power in RussiaIn 2010 total electricity generated in nuclear power plants in Russia was 170.1 TWh, 16% of all power generation. The installed capacity of Russian nuclear reactors stood at 21,244 MW....
- Russian nuclear plant map