John Andree (surgeon)
Encyclopedia
John Andree, junior was an English surgeon.
. In 1780 he was a candidate for the surgeoncy to the London Hospital, but was defeated by William Blizard
. In 1781 he became surgeon to the Finsbury Dispensary
, and in 1784 to St. Clement Danes workhouse. About the year 1798 he took the degree of M.D., though it does not appear in what university, and afterwards practised for some years in Hertford
, but afterwards returned to London. He died some time after 1819.
for the relief of croup of the larynx in February 1782, which, if not the first on record, since priority is claimed for an operation by Martin in 1730, was the first to attract attention. The patient was a five year-old boy, who completely recovered. The case is described by Andree himself in a letter to Sir Astley Cooper
, published in the appendix to a paper on ‘Cynanche Laryngea’ by Dr. John Richard Farre (Med.-Chir. Transactions, 1812, iii. 335), but had been previously related in 1786 in an inaugural dissertation
by Dr. T. White, published at Leyden in that year. The same operation was done in 1812 by Sir Astley Cooper himself, and afterwards became celebrated in the hands of Bretonneau and Trousseau. In Andree's operation the annular cartilages were not divided, but only two punctures made in the membrane between them. No tube was introduced.
Life
Andree was born about 1740, the son of Dr. John Andree, senior, to whom one of his books is dedicated. He was apprenticed to Mr. Grindall, senior surgeon to the London Hospital, and in 1766 he appears as a lecturer on anatomy in London, and surgeon to the Magdalen Hospital, and practising in Carey Street, Chancery LaneChancery Lane
Chancery Lane is the street which has been the western boundary of the City of London since 1994 having previously been divided between Westminster and Camden...
. In 1780 he was a candidate for the surgeoncy to the London Hospital, but was defeated by William Blizard
William Blizard
Sir William Blizard was an English surgeon.He was born in Barn Elms, Surrey, the fourth child of auctioneer William Blizard. After an apprenticeship to a surgeon in Mortlake he went to study at the London Hospital where he was a pupil of Sir Percivall Pott and John Hunter...
. In 1781 he became surgeon to the Finsbury Dispensary
Finsbury Dispensary
The Finsbury Dispensary was a charitable dispensary dispensing medical treatment to the poor in Finsbury, London. It was founded in 1780 by a quaker, one George Friend. It operated from various premises during its existence in the 19th century, notably, between 1819 and 1838 it occupied a large,...
, and in 1784 to St. Clement Danes workhouse. About the year 1798 he took the degree of M.D., though it does not appear in what university, and afterwards practised for some years in Hertford
Hertford
Hertford is the county town of Hertfordshire, England, and is also a civil parish in the East Hertfordshire district of the county. Forming a civil parish, the 2001 census put the population of Hertford at about 24,180. Recent estimates are that it is now around 28,000...
, but afterwards returned to London. He died some time after 1819.
Surgical innovator
Andree published several books, chiefly on surgical subjects. Through not being connected with a large hospital, he never took a leading position as a surgeon in London, but he performed one operation of historical importance. This was a successful operation of tracheotomyTracheotomy
Among the oldest described surgical procedures, tracheotomy consists of making an incision on the anterior aspect of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea...
for the relief of croup of the larynx in February 1782, which, if not the first on record, since priority is claimed for an operation by Martin in 1730, was the first to attract attention. The patient was a five year-old boy, who completely recovered. The case is described by Andree himself in a letter to Sir Astley Cooper
Astley Cooper
Sir Astley Paston Cooper, 1st Baronet was an English surgeon and anatomist, who made historical contributions to otology, vascular surgery, the anatomy and pathology of the mammary glands and testicles, and the pathology and surgery of hernia.-Life:Cooper was born at Brooke Hall in Brooke, Norfolk...
, published in the appendix to a paper on ‘Cynanche Laryngea’ by Dr. John Richard Farre (Med.-Chir. Transactions, 1812, iii. 335), but had been previously related in 1786 in an inaugural dissertation
Inaugural dissertation
An inaugural dissertation is a presentation of major work by a new professor or doctor, in writing and/or in public speech, to inaugurate their professorship or doctorship. This academic ritual is traditional in much of Europe , although it is becoming less common in some countries and institutions...
by Dr. T. White, published at Leyden in that year. The same operation was done in 1812 by Sir Astley Cooper himself, and afterwards became celebrated in the hands of Bretonneau and Trousseau. In Andree's operation the annular cartilages were not divided, but only two punctures made in the membrane between them. No tube was introduced.
Works
- ‘On a Case of Suppression of Urine, Medical Observations and Enquiries,’ vol. v., 1776
- ‘Essay on Gonorrhœa,’ London, 1777
- ‘Observations on the Venereal Disease,’ London, 1779
- ‘Considerations on Bilious Diseases,’ Hertford, 1788; second edition, London, 1790
- ‘Cases and Observations [in Surgery],’ London, 1799