Jean Fabre de La Martillière
Encyclopedia
Jean Fabre de la Martillière (10 March 1732, Nîmes
– 27 March 1819 Paris) was a general of artillery in the French Revolutionary Wars
and the Napoleonic Wars
and French politician.
, 1799. Following the reorganization of the Army of the Danube in April 1799, he was attached to Andre Massena
's Army of Switzerland. He participated in the Ostrach
, Stockach
, and Zurich
, after which he was transferred to northern Italy, where he was at the Battle of Novi and the Battle of Marengo.
After the Peace of Lunéville in 1801, he became a member of the Central Committee of Artillery and Inspector General of Artillery. Napoleon appointed him to the Senate on 25 December 1801. In 1808, Napoleon raised him to Count of the Empire.
Having voted for the downfall of Napoleon I during the first Restoration, he was called to the Chamber of Peers 4 June 1814. He was appointed inspector of the Polytechnic School in 1816. Louis XVIII confirmed his titles of Count and Peer of France by royal decree of 31 August 1817. He died in 1819, at the age of 87 years.
Nîmes
Nîmes is the capital of the Gard department in the Languedoc-Roussillon region in southern France. Nîmes has a rich history, dating back to the Roman Empire, and is a popular tourist destination.-History:...
– 27 March 1819 Paris) was a general of artillery in the French Revolutionary Wars
French Revolutionary Wars
The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of major conflicts, from 1792 until 1802, fought between the French Revolutionary government and several European states...
and the Napoleonic Wars
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionised European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to...
and French politician.
Military career
La Martillière commanded the artillery park of the Army of the Rhine (1797) and successively the Army of Mayence (1798) and the Army of the DanubeArmy of the Danube
The Army of the Danube was a field army of the French Directory in the 1799 southwestern campaign in the Upper Danube valley. It was formed on 2 March 1799 by the simple expedient of renaming the Army of Observation, which had been observing Austrian movements on the border between First...
, 1799. Following the reorganization of the Army of the Danube in April 1799, he was attached to Andre Massena
André Masséna
André Masséna 1st Duc de Rivoli, 1st Prince d'Essling was a French military commander during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars....
's Army of Switzerland. He participated in the Ostrach
Battle of Ostrach
The Battle of Ostrach, also called the Battle by Ostrach, occurred on 20–21 March 1799. It was the first battle of the War of the Second Coalition. The battle resulted in the victory of the Austrian forces, under the command of Archduke Charles, over the French forces, commanded by Jean...
, Stockach
Battle of Stockach (1799)
On 25 March 1799, French and Austrian armies fought for control of the geographically strategic Hegau region in present day Baden-Württemberg. The battle has been called by various names: First Battle of Stockach, the Battle by Stockach, and, in French chronicles, the Battle of Liptingen...
, and Zurich
First Battle of Zürich
The Helvetic Republic in 1798 became a battlefield of the French Revolutionary Wars. In the First Battle of Zurich on 4 – 7 June 1799, French general André Masséna was forced to yield the city to the Austrians under Archduke Charles and retreated beyond the Limmat, where he managed to fortify his...
, after which he was transferred to northern Italy, where he was at the Battle of Novi and the Battle of Marengo.
After the Peace of Lunéville in 1801, he became a member of the Central Committee of Artillery and Inspector General of Artillery. Napoleon appointed him to the Senate on 25 December 1801. In 1808, Napoleon raised him to Count of the Empire.
Having voted for the downfall of Napoleon I during the first Restoration, he was called to the Chamber of Peers 4 June 1814. He was appointed inspector of the Polytechnic School in 1816. Louis XVIII confirmed his titles of Count and Peer of France by royal decree of 31 August 1817. He died in 1819, at the age of 87 years.
Works
- Recherches sur les meilleurs effets à obtenir de l'artillerie; Paris, 1812
- Réflexions sur la fabrication en général des bouches à feu; Paris, 1817