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J. J. Leeming

 

 
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J. J. Leeming
 
 
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John Joseph Leeming was a British
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
 road engineer
Traffic engineering (transportation)

Traffic engineering is a branch of civil engineering that uses engineering techniques to achieve the safe and efficient movement of people and goods....
. He forwarded controversial ideas for the causes of, and remedies for, road crashes, including the notion that drivers should not always be assumed to be at fault.

ing was born in 1899 and served in the First World War. From 1924, Leeming worked in various road engineering capacities for Oxfordshire County Council, becoming Deputy County Surveyor there, before leaving that role in 1946.

In 1946 Leeming moved to work for Dorset County Council as County Surveyor
County surveyor

A county surveyor is a public official in many County of U.S. State, particularly in the Midwest and Western United States.The county surveyor is typically responsible for surveying records, establishing and maintaining survey monuments at corners of Section or other land units, and reviewing property boundary surveys and subdivision pla...
, where he stayed until his retirement in 1964.

In 1969 Leeming's book "Road Accidents: prevent or punish?" was published.






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John Joseph Leeming was a British
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
 road engineer
Traffic engineering (transportation)

Traffic engineering is a branch of civil engineering that uses engineering techniques to achieve the safe and efficient movement of people and goods....
. He forwarded controversial ideas for the causes of, and remedies for, road crashes, including the notion that drivers should not always be assumed to be at fault.

Biography

Leeming was born in 1899 and served in the First World War. From 1924, Leeming worked in various road engineering capacities for Oxfordshire County Council, becoming Deputy County Surveyor there, before leaving that role in 1946.

In 1946 Leeming moved to work for Dorset County Council as County Surveyor
County surveyor

A county surveyor is a public official in many County of U.S. State, particularly in the Midwest and Western United States.The county surveyor is typically responsible for surveying records, establishing and maintaining survey monuments at corners of Section or other land units, and reviewing property boundary surveys and subdivision pla...
, where he stayed until his retirement in 1964.

In 1969 Leeming's book "Road Accidents: prevent or punish?" was published. A 2007 review, on the publication of a reprint of the book, described the book as controversial, and as being written by an "enlightened highways expert".

Road crash causes

Leeming's book: "Road Accidents: prevent or punish?", describes his ideas and views of the causes of road casualties, and of how best they can be tackled. The book is described as attacking the beginnings of the blame culture
Victim blaming

Victim blaming is holding the victims of a crime, an accident, or any type of abusive maltreatment to be entirely or partially Moral responsibility for the unfortunate incident that has occurred in their life, often when the victim had performed no actions to facilitate the incident....
, with Leeming convinced that road casualties could be reduced by using road engineering
Traffic engineering

Traffic Engineering can mean:* traffic engineering , a branch of civil engineering* teletraffic engineering, a field of statistical techniques used in telecommunications...
 methods based on evidence derived from the scientific analysis of the causes of road crashes, and that drivers were not the main cause of many road safety problems.

Other Leeming observations


Induced demand

Leeming described the phenomenon of induced demand
Induced demand

Induced demand is the phenomenon that after supply increases, more of a good is consumed. This is entirely consistent with the economic theory of supply and demand; however, this idea has become important in the debate over the expansion of transportation systems, and is often used as an argument against widening roads, such as major commute...
, with respect to road traffic volumes:

Risk compensation

The risk compensation
Risk compensation

In ethology, risk compensation is an effect whereby individual people may tend to adjust their behaviour in response to perceived changes in risk....
 principle, upon which Hans Monderman
Hans Monderman

Hans Monderman was a Netherlands road Traffic engineering and innovator. He was recognized forradically challenging the criteria by which engineering solutions for street design are evaluated....
's counter-intuitive shared space
Shared space

Shared space is a Traffic engineering concept involving the removal of the traditional separation between motor vehicles and pedestrians and other road users, and the removal of traditional road priority management devices such as kerbs, lines, signs and signals....
 concept is founded was described by Leeming:

Bibliography

Leeming wrote the following books:



See also

John Adams (geographer)
John Adams (geographer)

Professor John Adams of University College London, is a professor of geography and leading theorist on risk compensation and an environmentalist....
, a thought leader in risk compensation
Risk compensation

In ethology, risk compensation is an effect whereby individual people may tend to adjust their behaviour in response to perceived changes in risk....
 theory and publisher of some of the most widely cited work on risk compensation and roads.