Interactionism is the theory in the philosophy of mind

Philosophy of mind

Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind, mental events, mental functions, mental properties, consciousness and their relationship to the physical body, particularly the brain. The mind-body problem, i.e...

 which holds that, matter and mind being distinct and independent, that they exert causal effects on one another. As such, it is a type of dualism

Dualism (philosophy of mind)

In philosophy of mind, dualism is a set of views about the relationship between mind and matter, which begins with the claim that mental phenomena are, in some respects, non-physical....

. It can be distinguished from competing dualist theories of epiphenomenalism

Epiphenomenalism

In philosophy of mind, epiphenomenalism, also known as Type-E Dualism, is a view that "mental" states do not have any influence on "physical" states.-Background:...

 (which admits causation, but views it as unidirectional rather than bidirectional), pre-established harmony

Pre-established harmony

Gottfried Leibniz's theory of pre-established harmony is a philosophical theory about causation under which every "substance" only affects itself, but all the substances in the world nevertheless seem to causally interact with each other because they have been programmed by God in advance to...

 and occasionalism

Occasionalism

Occasionalism is a philosophical theory about causation which says that created substances cannot be efficient causes of events. Instead, all events are taken to be caused directly by God...

(which both deny causation, while seeking to explain the appearance of causation by other means).