Information visualization reference model
Encyclopedia
The Information visualization reference model is a reference model for information visualization
, developed by Ed Chi
in 1999., under the name of the data state model. Chi showed that the framework successfully modeled a wide array of visualization applications and later showed that the model was functionally equivalent to the data flow model used in existing graphics toolkits such as VTK
.
techniques by examining the data domains that are compatible with these techniques. This is useful because implementers can quickly identify various techniques that can be applied to their domain of interest. However, these taxonomies do not help the implementers understand how to apply and implement these techniques".
According to Chi (2000), he and J.T. Reidl "in 1998 extends and proposes a new way to taxonomize information visualization techniques by using the Data State Model. Many of the techniques share similar operating steps that can easily be reused. The Data State Model not only helps researchers understand the space of design, but also helps implementers understand how information visualization techniques can be applied more broadly".
In 1999 Stuart Card
, Jock D. Mackinlay
, and Ben Shneiderman
present their own interpretation of this pattern, dubbing it the information visualization reference model.
Information visualization
Information visualization is the interdisciplinary study of "the visual representation of large-scale collections of non-numerical information, such as files and lines of code in software systems, library and bibliographic databases, networks of relations on the internet, and so forth".- Overview...
, developed by Ed Chi
Ed Chi
Ed Chi is a Taiwanese American computer scientist specializing in social computing and human-computer interaction. Chi was formerly a research scientist at the Palo Alto Research Center and is currently a research scientist at Google. Chi is known for his early work in information scent, which...
in 1999., under the name of the data state model. Chi showed that the framework successfully modeled a wide array of visualization applications and later showed that the model was functionally equivalent to the data flow model used in existing graphics toolkits such as VTK
VTK
The Visualization Toolkit is an open-source, freely available software system for 3D computer graphics, image processing and visualization. VTK consists of a C++ class library and several interpreted interface layers including Tcl/Tk, Java, and Python. Kitware, whose team created and continues to...
.
Overview
In previous work, according to Chi (2000), "researchers have attempted to construct taxonomies of information visualizationInformation visualization
Information visualization is the interdisciplinary study of "the visual representation of large-scale collections of non-numerical information, such as files and lines of code in software systems, library and bibliographic databases, networks of relations on the internet, and so forth".- Overview...
techniques by examining the data domains that are compatible with these techniques. This is useful because implementers can quickly identify various techniques that can be applied to their domain of interest. However, these taxonomies do not help the implementers understand how to apply and implement these techniques".
According to Chi (2000), he and J.T. Reidl "in 1998 extends and proposes a new way to taxonomize information visualization techniques by using the Data State Model. Many of the techniques share similar operating steps that can easily be reused. The Data State Model not only helps researchers understand the space of design, but also helps implementers understand how information visualization techniques can be applied more broadly".
In 1999 Stuart Card
Stuart Card
Stuart K. Card is an American researcher and Senior Research Fellow at Xerox PARC. He is considered to be one of the pioneers of applying human factors in human–computer interaction.- Biography :...
, Jock D. Mackinlay
Jock D. Mackinlay
Jock D. Mackinlay is an American information visualization expert and Director of Visual Analysis at Tableau Software. With Stuart K. Card, George G...
, and Ben Shneiderman
Ben Shneiderman
Ben Shneiderman is an American computer scientist, and professor for Computer Science at the Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory at the University of Maryland, College Park...
present their own interpretation of this pattern, dubbing it the information visualization reference model.
Further reading
- Ed H. Chi (2003). "Expressiveness of the Data Flow and Data State Models in Visualization Systems".
- Ed H. Chi (2000). "A Taxonomy of Visualization Techniques using the Data State Reference Model".
External links
- Description of the Information Visualization Reference Model at the InfoVis:Wiki - includes references describing the model and its use.