Gurgaon is the second largest city in the Indian state of
HaryanaHaryana is a state in India. Historically, it has been a part of the Kuru region in North India. The name Haryana is found mentioned in the 12th century AD by the apabhramsha writer Vibudh Shridhar . It is bordered by Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, and by Rajasthan to the west and south...
. Gurgaon is the industrial and financial center of
HaryanaHaryana is a state in India. Historically, it has been a part of the Kuru region in North India. The name Haryana is found mentioned in the 12th century AD by the apabhramsha writer Vibudh Shridhar . It is bordered by Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, and by Rajasthan to the west and south...
. It is located 30 km south of national capital
New DelhiNew Delhi is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is situated within the metropolis of Delhi. It is one of the nine districts of Delhi Union Territory. The total area of the city is...
, about 10 kilometers from
Dwarka Sub CityDwarka is a sub city, located in the South West Delhi district of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. It is named after the legendary Dwaraka Kingdom. It is a short distance away from Gurgaon which is a major hub for large corporations in the country and about 10 Kms away from Indira Gandhi...
and 268 km south of
ChandigarhChandigarh is a union territory of India that serves as the capital of two states, Haryana and Punjab. The name Chandigarh translates as "The Fort of Chandi". The name is from an ancient temple called Chandi Mandir, devoted to the Hindu goddess Chandi, in the city...
, the state capital. An important town in ancient Hindu mythology, Gurgaon is one of Delhi's four major satellite cities and is part of the
National Capital Region (India)The National Capital Region in India is a name for the conurbation or metropolitan area which encompasses the entire National Capital Territory of Delhi as well as urban areas ringing it in neighbouring states of Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan...
. It was identified as a satellite city in 1962. Gurgaon is within commuting distance of Delhi via an expressway and
Delhi MetroDelhi Metro is a rapid transit system serving Delhi, Gurgaon, Noida and Ghaziabad in the National Capital Region of India. It is one of the largest metro networks in the world. The network consists of six lines with a total length of with 142 stations of which 35 are underground...
.
Gurgaon is also the only Indian city to have successfully distributed electricity connections to all its households. However, because of its heavy vehicular traffic and inefficient public transportation apart from the
Delhi MetroDelhi Metro is a rapid transit system serving Delhi, Gurgaon, Noida and Ghaziabad in the National Capital Region of India. It is one of the largest metro networks in the world. The network consists of six lines with a total length of with 142 stations of which 35 are underground...
, Gurgaon ranks 11th amongst Indian cities on the "Life after Work" index of
Business TodayBusiness Today is an Indian fortnightly business magazine published by Living Media India Limited, in publication since 1992. It had a second quarter 2010 readership of 338,000 per issue, ninth among English language magazines surveyed.-External links:...
. Gurgaon has the 3rd highest per capita income in India after
ChandigarhChandigarh is a union territory of India that serves as the capital of two states, Haryana and Punjab. The name Chandigarh translates as "The Fort of Chandi". The name is from an ancient temple called Chandi Mandir, devoted to the Hindu goddess Chandi, in the city...
and
MumbaiMumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
.
Over the past 25 years the city has undergone rapid development and construction. A wave of multinational companies choose to locate their
operationsBusiness operations are those ongoing recurring activities involved in the running of a business for the purpose of producing value for the stakeholders...
in Gurgaon after
GEGê are the people who spoke Ge languages of the northern South American Caribbean coast and Brazil. In Brazil the Gê were found in Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Piaui, Mato Grosso, Goias, Tocantins, Maranhão, and as far south as Paraguay....
did so in 1997. Big companies like Airtel,
American ExpressAmerican Express Company or AmEx, is an American multinational financial services corporation headquartered in Three World Financial Center, Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States. Founded in 1850, it is one of the 30 components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The company is best...
,
EXLEXL Service is a provider of outsourcing and transformation services. EXL's services are structured around insurance, banking, financial services, utilities, transportation and travel industries...
,
IBMInternational Business Machines Corporation or IBM is an American multinational technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software, and it offers infrastructure, hosting and consulting services in areas...
,
MicrosoftMicrosoft Corporation is an American public multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions...
,
SapientSapient may refer to:* Sapience, the ability of an organism or entity to act with judgment* Sapient Corporation, a NASDAQ-traded company...
, DLF Limited, Maruti Suzuki,
Hero HondaHero MotoCorp formerly Hero Honda is a motorcycle and scooter manufacturer based in India. Hero Honda started in 1984 as a joint venture between Hero Cycles of India and Honda of Japan. The company is the largest two wheeler manufacturer in India...
,
TCSTCS may stand for:* Tata Consultancy Services* The Cleveland Show* TCS Courier* TCS Daily* Tactical Control System* Taking Children Seriously* Taxpayers for Common Sense* Teaching Company Scheme or Knowledge Transfer Partnerships...
,
ThoughtWorksThoughtWorks is a privately owned global IT consultancy that delivers custom software, software tools, consulting, and transformation services to Global 1000 companies. It has a products division, ThoughtWorks Studios, which creates and markets software development and project management applications...
,
EricssonEricsson , one of Sweden's largest companies, is a provider of telecommunication and data communication systems, and related services, covering a range of technologies, including especially mobile networks...
,
OracleIn Classical Antiquity, an oracle was a person or agency considered to be a source of wise counsel or prophetic predictions or precognition of the future, inspired by the gods. As such it is a form of divination....
,
Bank of AmericaBank of America Corporation, an American multinational banking and financial services corporation, is the second largest bank holding company in the United States by assets, and the fourth largest bank in the U.S. by market capitalization. The bank is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina...
,
American AirlinesAmerican Airlines, Inc. is the world's fourth-largest airline in passenger miles transported and operating revenues. American Airlines is a subsidiary of the AMR Corporation and is headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas adjacent to its largest hub at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport...
,
The Coca-Cola CompanyThe Coca-Cola Company is an American multinational beverage corporation and manufacturer, retailer and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups. The company is best known for its flagship product Coca-Cola, invented in 1886 by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton in Columbus, Georgia...
,
NokiaNokia Corporation is a Finnish multinational communications corporation that is headquartered in Keilaniemi, Espoo, a city neighbouring Finland's capital Helsinki...
,
MotorolaMotorola, Inc. was an American multinational telecommunications company based in Schaumburg, Illinois, which was eventually divided into two independent public companies, Motorola Mobility and Motorola Solutions on January 4, 2011, after losing $4.3 billion from 2007 to 2009...
,
ZS AssociatesZS Associates is a privately owned American consulting company, founded on September 21, 1983, by Kellogg School of Management marketing professors Andris A. Zoltners and Prabhakant Sinha. The company, which has grown to over 1,500 employees, has provided primarily sales and marketing consulting...
,
Indigo AirlinesIndigo Airlines was an American airline headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. It is generally regarded as the world's first business jet airline. It was founded in 1997 by aviation veteran and University of Chicago graduate Matt Andersson; business executive and Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University...
, etc. have made Gurgaon an important financial center of India, as well as one of India's major
outsourcingOutsourcing is the process of contracting a business function to someone else.-Overview:The term outsourcing is used inconsistently but usually involves the contracting out of a business function - commonly one previously performed in-house - to an external provider...
and call centers
Etymology
The origin of the city's name is steeped in
Hindu mythologyHindu religious literature is the large body of traditional narratives related to Hinduism, notably as contained in Sanskrit literature, such as the Sanskrit epics and the Puranas. As such, it is a subset of Nepali and Indian culture...
. Legend has it that Gurgaon is the ancestral village of Guru Dronacharya (or
DronaIn the epic Mahābhārata, Drona or Dronacharya was the royal guru to Kauravas and Pandavas. He was a master of advanced military arts, including the Devastras. Arjuna was his favorite student. Dronas love for Arjuna was second only to his love for his son Ashwatthama...
), the teacher of martial arts to the Pandavas and Kauravas princes in the Indian epic of the
MahabharataThe Mahabharata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India and Nepal, the other being the Ramayana. The epic is part of itihasa....
.
In
SanskritSanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
,
Guru means teacher, which in this case refers to Dronacharya and both
Gram and
Gaon mean village. According to Hindu mythology, the village was gifted by the Pandavas and Kauravas - specifically, by King
DhritarashtraIn the Mahābhārata, Dhritarashtra was King of Hastinapur at the time of the Kurukshetra War, the epic's climactic event. He was born the son of Vichitravirya's first wife Ambika, and was fathered by Vyasa. He was blind from birth, and became father to a hundred children by his wife Gandhari...
of Hastinapur - to Dronacharya, the son of
Rishi BharadwajaBharadwaja was one of the greatest Hindu Arya sages descendant of rishi Angirasa, whose accomplishments are detailed in the Puranas. He was one of the Saptarshis in the present Manvantara; with others being Atri, Vashishtha, Vishvamitra, Gautama, Jamadagni, Kashyapa.Bhardwaj Rishi was father of...
, and was therefore known as
guru-gram. Over time the colloquial term
gaon (which also means village in
PrakritPrakrit is the name for a group of Middle Indic, Indo-Aryan languages, derived from Old Indic dialects. The word itself has a flexible definition, being defined sometimes as, "original, natural, artless, normal, ordinary, usual", or "vernacular", in contrast to the literary and religious...
) was substituted for
gram and the name
Gurgaon emerged.
The 'Dronacharya Well' still exists within the Gurgaon city, along with a village called Gurgaon. (see
DronaIn the epic Mahābhārata, Drona or Dronacharya was the royal guru to Kauravas and Pandavas. He was a master of advanced military arts, including the Devastras. Arjuna was his favorite student. Dronas love for Arjuna was second only to his love for his son Ashwatthama...
).
History
In historically verifiable times, Gurgaon has been under the control of a succession of rulers appointed by the ruling power in Delhi including
Yadav RajputsYaduvanshi Rajputs is a term used for describing various Rajput groups claiming descent from ancient Yadavas. Some rulers of Rajasthan claim to have been originally Yadavanshi Rajputs, the descendants of Sri Krishna. Sue, a Yaduvanshi Rajput, the 78th in descent from Sri Krishna, is said to have...
, Muslims,
MarathaThe Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
s in this order. For a few years
FarrukhnagarFarrukhnagar is a town and municipality in Gurgaon district in Haryana state, India. It is one of the nine administrative blocks of Gurgaon district situated 21 km from Gurgaon and shares its border with Jhajjar district. Established in 1732 by Faujdar Khan, the first Nawab of Farrukhnagar...
was taken from the
MuslimA Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
NawabA Nawab or Nawaab is an honorific title given to Muslim rulers of princely states in South Asia. It is the Muslim equivalent of the term "maharaja" that was granted to Hindu rulers....
and
Ghasera-Location:Ghasera is known as ghandhi gram ghasera also. it is situated on delhi alwar road dist. Nuh Mewat haryana. it is biggest village of mewat district.its geographical coordinates are 28° 9' 0" North, 77° 4' 0" East and its original name is Ghasera. Ghasera is 62.3 km away from Palam,...
from the
Badgujar RajputA Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and in some parts of Pakistan. Rajputs are descendants of one of the major ruling warrior classes in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India...
RaoRaja is an Indian term for a monarch, or princely ruler of the Kshatriya varna...
Bahadur Singh of Ghasera by Jat Raja Surajmal of
BharatpurBharatpur is a city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It was founded by Maharaja Suraj Mal in 1733. Located in the Brij region, Bharatpur was once an impregnable, well-planned and well-fortified city, and the capital of Jat kingdom ruled by Sinsinwar Maharajas.The trio of Bharatpur, Deeg and...
Kingdom in 1753 and held till 1763.
RewariRewari is a city and a municipal council in Rewari district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is located in south-west Haryana around from Delhi and from Gurgaon.- Etymology :...
was under
Khoro clanKhoro is a clan of Yaduvanshi Ahirs of Haryana. Rewari was once under Khoro Ahir rulers....
Ahir rulers. During the Medieval period, Gurgaon was ruled by Muslim rulers. Later, the
East India CompanyThe East India Company was an early English joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the East Indies, but that ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and China...
took control of Gurgaon through the
Treaty of Surji-AnjangaonThe Treaty of Surji-Anjungaon was signed on December 30, 1803 between the British and Daulat Rao Sindhia, chief of the Maratha people.On 30 December 1803, the Scindhia signed the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon with the British after the Battle of Assaye and Battle of Argaon and ceded to the British...
in the end of 1803. By the mid nineteenth century Gurgaon was part of the princely protectorate of
PataudiPataudi is a town in Gurgaon district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is located from Gurgaon, at the foot hills of the Aravali hills.Pataudi was the seat of Pataudi State which was ruled by the Nawabs of Pataudi. The 8th Nawab, Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi, played cricket for both England and...
which is a part of Gurgaon district today. The British integrated Gurgaon into the
PunjabThe Punjab , also spelled Panjab |water]]s"), is a geographical region straddling the border between Pakistan and India which includes Punjab province in Pakistan and the states of the Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh and some northern parts of the National Capital Territory of Delhi...
Province where it served as district and tehsil headquarters. After India's independence, Gurgaon continued to be a part of the state of Punjab until 1966 when Haryana was formed a separate state.
Gurgaon remained a small farming village while neighbouring
DelhiDelhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
emerged as India's political capital. The launch of the automotive company Maruti jump started Gurgaon's growth and changed its future. In addition, Delhi's economic rise attracted a large influx of labourers from neighboring regions like
RajasthanRājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
,
OrissaOrissa , officially Odisha since Nov 2011, is a state of India, located on the east coast of India, by the Bay of Bengal. It is the modern name of the ancient nation of Kalinga, which was invaded by the Maurya Emperor Ashoka in 261 BC. The modern state of Orissa was established on 1 April...
and
BiharBihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....
, rapidly increasing Delhi's population. By the early 1990s, Delhi was one of the most populous and crowded cities in the world and the need for a satellite city became more apparent. Gurgaon seemed like an ideal choice given its vast undeveloped farming lands and proximity to Delhi. Haryana Urban Development Authority bought large areas of land from farmers in Gurgaon and developed residential and commercial sectors.
In the 1990s the
Government of IndiaThe Government of India, officially known as the Union Government, and also known as the Central Government, was established by the Constitution of India, and is the governing authority of the union of 28 states and seven union territories, collectively called the Republic of India...
reformed the tax laws, thereby attracting private companies to build world-class buildings in Gurgaon. The close proximity of Delhi International Airport also attracted private firms. The recent completion of the privatized
Delhi-Gurgaon expresswayDelhi-Gurgaon Expressway is a long access-controlled toll expressway connecting Delhi, the national capital of India, and Gurgaon, an important satellite city of Haryana....
provides Gurgaon with world-class connectivity to Delhi International Airport, which has in turn attracted even more firms to locate their offices in Gurgaon.
Ethnic groups and politics
Gurgaon lies in
Ahirwal and Ahirs are in the majority, however there are a few villages of Jats,
Yaduvanshi SainisSaini is a Rajput descent caste of India. Sainis, also known as Shoorsaini in Puranic literature, are now found by their original name only in Punjab and in the neighboring states of Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh...
in Gurgaon city and 100
GujjarThe Gurjar are an ethnic group in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Alternative spellings include Gurjara, Gujar, Gurjjara and Gūrjara. The spelling Gurjara or Gurjar is preferable to the rest....
villages on Gurgaon Faridabad road.
Meo MuslimsMayo or Meo or Mewati is a prominent Muslim Rajput tribe from North-Western India. A considerable number of Meos migrated to Pakistan after independence in 1947 and now they are estimated to be over 12 million. In Pakistan, Meos have lost their distinct group identity and cultural traditions and...
were in majority in the Firozpur Jhirka state, where they still reside in large numbers though some migrated to
PakistanPakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
after partition. Thousands of
PunjabiThe Punjabi people , ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ), also Panjabi people, are an Indo-Aryan group from South Asia. They are the second largest of the many ethnic groups in South Asia. They originate in the Punjab region, which has been been the location of some of the oldest civilizations in the world including, the...
HinduHindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
immigrants from the western part of Punjab that became Pakistan came here as refugees after partition of the country in 1947 and made their home here. Apart from receiving population from across the country, the city has also allegedly seen a heavy growth in illegal
BangladeshBangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
i population.
Geography and climate
Gurgaon districtGurgaon district is one of the 21 districts of Haryana state in northern India. Gurgaon city is the administrative headquarters of the district. The population is 1,660,289 . .It is the southern-most district of Haryana...
comprises five blocks:
BadshahpurBadshapur/बादशाहपुर is situated in Gurgaon, Haryana, India, its geographical coordinates are 28° 24' 0" North, 77° 3' 0" East and its original name is Bādshāhpur.-Politics:...
,
PataudiPataudi is a town in Gurgaon district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is located from Gurgaon, at the foot hills of the Aravali hills.Pataudi was the seat of Pataudi State which was ruled by the Nawabs of Pataudi. The 8th Nawab, Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi, played cricket for both England and...
,
SohnaSohna is a town and a municipal committee in Gurgaon district in the Indian state of Haryana.The small town of Sohna is a tourist place, located 24 km from the city on the highway from Gurgaon to Alwar, near a vertical rock. The town derived its name from the gold dust which was found from...
, Gurgaon and
FarrukhnagarFarrukhnagar is a town and municipality in Gurgaon district in Haryana state, India. It is one of the nine administrative blocks of Gurgaon district situated 21 km from Gurgaon and shares its border with Jhajjar district. Established in 1732 by Faujdar Khan, the first Nawab of Farrukhnagar...
. On its north, it is bounded by the district of
JhajjarJhajjar is a town in Jhajjar district in the Indian state of Haryana.-Geography:Jhajjar is located at . It has an average elevation of 220 metres .-Demographics:...
and Delhi.
Faridabad districtFaridabad district is one of the 21 districts in Haryana, and Faridabad city is the district headquarters. Delhi-Mathura National Highway No.2 passes through the centre of the District. The district occupies an area of 2151 km². The district has a population of 2,193,276...
lies to its east. On its south, the district shares boundaries with the
Mewat DistrictMewat district is one of the 21 districts of Haryana state in northern India. The district was carved out as the 20th district of Haryana from erstwhile Gurgaon and Hathin Block of Faridabad districts on 4 April 2005...
. To its west lies the
Rewari districtRewari district is one of the 21 districts of Haryana state, India. The administrative headquarters of this district, Rewari city is the biggest city in this district. It is located in southern Haryana...
and the
RajasthanRājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
state. Gurgaon city is situated at the northern edge of Aravali mountain range. The length of the district is about 21 km (13 mi) and the breadth is 27 km (16.8 mi).
The
Sultanpur National ParkSultanpur National Park is located at Sultanpur, Haryana in Gurgaon District, Haryana, India, located 15 km from Gurgaon, Haryana.-History:...
located about 15 km from the centre of the city is a protected migratory bird sanctuary for the
Sarus CraneThe Sarus Crane is a large non-migratory crane found in parts of the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia and Australia. The tallest of the flying birds, standing at a height of up to 1.8 m , they are conspicuous and iconic species of open wetlands...
,
Indian PeafowlThe Indian Peafowl or Blue Peafowl is a large and brightly coloured bird of the pheasant family native to South Asia, but introduced and semi-feral in many other parts of the world...
, Eurasian Wigeon and other birds.
Demographics
Gurgaon's district population has increased from some 870,539 in census 2001 to 1,514,085 in census 2011. In the 2001 census, Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Gurgaon has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 65.38%: male literacy is 81%, and female literacy is 73%. In Gurgaon, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
District administration
The
Deputy CommissionerThe deputy commissioner or district magistrate or district collector or district magistrate and collector is the head of the revenue administration of an Indian district. The DC is required to be an Indian Administrative Service officer who is in charge of governmental assets in his district of...
, an officer belonging to the
Indian Administrative ServiceThe Indian Administrative Service is the administrative civil service of the Government of India. It is one of the three All India Services....
, is the overall in-charge of the General Administration in the
districtHaryana a state in the northern region of India and is the nation's seventeenth most populous. The state borders with Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north and Rajasthan to the west and south. The river Yamuna defines its eastern border with Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. Haryana also surrounds...
. He is assisted by a number of officers belonging to Haryana Civil Service and other Haryana state services.
The Constitution of the Municipal Corporation of Gurgaon (MCG) took effect on on 2 June 2008. The MCG elected municipal councillors, for the first time, in elections held in May 2011.
Economy
Favorable tax policy by the Haryana government, pressure from
Rajiv GandhiRajiv Ratna Gandhi was the sixth Prime Minister of India . He took office after his mother's assassination on 31 October 1984; he himself was assassinated on 21 May 1991. He became the youngest Prime Minister of India when he took office at the age of 40.Rajiv Gandhi was the elder son of Indira...
to allow private companies to build properties and its proximity to
Indira Gandhi International AirportIndira Gandhi International Airport is the primary international airport of the National Capital Region of Delhi, India, situated in West Delhi, 16 km southwest of New Delhi city centre. Named after Indira Gandhi, the former Prime Minister of India, it is the busiest airport in India in...
saw the emergence of Gurgaon as one of the most prominent
outsourcingOutsourcing is the process of contracting a business function to someone else.-Overview:The term outsourcing is used inconsistently but usually involves the contracting out of a business function - commonly one previously performed in-house - to an external provider...
and
offshoringOffshoring describes the relocation by a company of a business process from one country to another—typically an operational process, such as manufacturing, or supporting processes, such as accounting. Even state governments employ offshoring...
hubs in the world. It has also become a major hub of telecom companies. Prominent companies headquartered here include Bharti Airtel, Nokia, Motorola, Alcatel Lucent &
EricssonEricsson , one of Sweden's largest companies, is a provider of telecommunication and data communication systems, and related services, covering a range of technologies, including especially mobile networks...
.
AutomobileAn automobile, autocar, motor car or car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor...
manufacturing, garment manufacturing, world-class
real estateIn general use, esp. North American, 'real estate' is taken to mean "Property consisting of land and the buildings on it, along with its natural resources such as crops, minerals, or water; immovable property of this nature; an interest vested in this; an item of real property; buildings or...
and shopping malls are the other main industries. Gurgaon and
FaridabadFaridabad is a city in the south-east of Haryana state in northern India, in Faridabad district. It lies at 28º 25' 16" N Latitude and 77º 18' 28" E Longitude. The district shares its boundaries with the National Capital and Union Territory of Delhi to its north, Gurgaon district to the west and...
together generate over 50% of Haryana's income tax revenues.
The distribution of outsourcing companies is skewed towards non-
ITInformation technology is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and telecommunications...
services . Gurgaon's outsourcing industry was born in 1997 when GE Capital International Services (GECIS) was set up as the India-based business process services operations of GE Capital. In 2005, GECIS became an independent company -
GenpactGenpact Limited is a global business process and technology management company. It was formerly a GE owned company called GE Capital International Services or GECIS. It operates from India, China, Guatemala, Hungary, México, Morocco, the Philippines, Poland, the Netherlands, Romania, Spain, South...
, which is now headquartered in Gurgaon. This trend continued after several other firms established themselves in the city. Gurgaon also has a major manufacturing industry. Car manufacturing facilities include India's largest passenger car company, Maruti Suzuki.
Hero HondaHero MotoCorp formerly Hero Honda is a motorcycle and scooter manufacturer based in India. Hero Honda started in 1984 as a joint venture between Hero Cycles of India and Honda of Japan. The company is the largest two wheeler manufacturer in India...
, the world's biggest motor cycle company is based in Gurgaon.
Many residents of Nathapur work as domestic workers in Gurgaon.
Infrastructure
One of the attractions for international companies to operate factories and offices in Gurgaon is nearby Delhi Airport. Although the local government has claimed to provide electricity to almost all residents, the city people are frustrated by high costs, frequent cuts & low voltage problems which has resulted in some people fleeing to neighboring Delhi for a better standard of Living. Most of the official complexes and societies are running on Diesel gensets. Summer months are worst in Gurgaon with no proper water & electricity supplies.
Private real-estate giants, such as
Tata HousingTata Housing Development Company is a fully owned subsidiary of Tata Sons, a holding company of the Tata Group. Established in the year 1984 by the late JRD Tata. The company was revived in 2006 under the leadership of Brotin Banerjee, MD & CEO of Tata Housing Development Company Limited...
,
Emaar PropertiesEmaar Properties , based in the United Arab Emirates, is a Public Joint Stock Company listed on the Dubai Financial Market. Established in 1997 with an initial paid-up capital of AED 1 bn, Emaar Properties is currently the Persian Gulf region's largest land and real estate developer...
, DLF Limited and
Unitech GroupThe Unitech Group is India's second largest real estate investment company, and has recently claimed to be the largest real estate builder in the country.....
have built gated communities in Gurgaon, which have 24x7 water and security although electricity is a major concern, owing to 7–8 hours of power cuts which leads to high diesel costs and pollution. These gated complexes range from apartment complexes to integrated mini-cities such as
Raisina Residency,
Primanti, DLF City, Nirvana Country and Suncity. Gurgaon has been deemed a non-city due to the lack of comprehensive infrastructure and its corporate enclaves, including a dearth of sidewalks, convenience stores, and public parks.
In the aftermath of the 2008 terrorist attacks in Mumbai, private companies are now hiring armed security guards and CISF officers.
Real estate hub
Private real estate companies such as DLF Universal,
Tata HousingTata Housing Development Company is a fully owned subsidiary of Tata Sons, a holding company of the Tata Group. Established in the year 1984 by the late JRD Tata. The company was revived in 2006 under the leadership of Brotin Banerjee, MD & CEO of Tata Housing Development Company Limited...
,
Unitech GroupThe Unitech Group is India's second largest real estate investment company, and has recently claimed to be the largest real estate builder in the country.....
and others constructed offices in Gurgaon, near Delhi Airport and National Highway 8 and then leased them to
Fortune 500The Fortune 500 is an annual list compiled and published by Fortune magazine that ranks the top 500 U.S. closely held and public corporations as ranked by their gross revenue after adjustments made by Fortune to exclude the impact of excise taxes companies collect. The list includes publicly and...
and Indian companies at rates cheaper than
BangaloreBengaluru , formerly called Bengaluru is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bangalore is nicknamed the Garden City and was once called a pensioner's paradise. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city and...
or
MumbaiMumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
. The rapid urbanization resulted in some farmers in Gurgaon becoming millionaires when they sold their land to private property developers.
The increased Change of Land Use fees and Licence Fees levied by the Haryana government earned thousands of
croreA crore is a unit in the Indian number system equal to ten million , or 100 lakhs. It is widely used in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan....
Rupees in taxes from property developers.
Retail is another big industry in Gurgaon, where there are 43 malls, including the biggest,
Mall of IndiaMall of India is an under-construction shopping mall in Gurgaon, India. When completed, it will cover an area of , making it the largest mall ever built in India and one of the largest malls in the world. It will have a built-up area of 6 million sq feet .The mall is being developed by DLF Universal...
, giving Gurgaon the 3rd highest number of malls in an Indian city.
Northern Peripheral Road
Northern Peripheral RoadNorthern Peripheral Road or commonly known as Dwarka Expressway is being developed under the public private partnership model. This stretch will connect Dwarka with National Highway 8 at Kherki Dhaula and will pass Pataudi Road...
road is being developed under the public private partnership (PPP) model. This stretch will connect
DwarkaDwarka also spelled Dvarka, Dwaraka, and Dvaraka, is a city and a municipality of Jamnagar district in the Gujarat state in India. Dwarka , also known as Dwarawati in Sanskrit literature is rated as one of the seven most ancient cities in the country...
with National Highway 8 at Kherki Dhaula and will pass
PataudiPataudi is a town in Gurgaon district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is located from Gurgaon, at the foot hills of the Aravali hills.Pataudi was the seat of Pataudi State which was ruled by the Nawabs of Pataudi. The 8th Nawab, Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi, played cricket for both England and...
Road. The NPR stretch has been planned as an alternate link road between
DelhiDelhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
and Gurgaon, and is expected to ease the traffic situation on the Delhi-Gurgaon Expressway. The road will also provide connectivity to the much-touted Reliance-HSIIDC SEZ besides the
Garhi HarsaruGarhi Harsaru is a town in Gurgaon on Pataudi Road The name is a combination of two villages Garhi which is dominated by Yadav community and Harsaru which has a Rajput majority....
dry depot.
Much like
DelhiDelhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
, Gurgaon too will have a BRT corridor to decongest traffic on the Northern Peripheral Road. In several sections, the NPR will have provisions for the
BusA bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...
Rapid Transit (BRT) corridor to ensure smooth flow. The road will be fully developed in March 2012.
Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project
Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor Development Corporation Limited (DMICDC), the special purpose vehicle (SPV) floated by the government of India for implementing the DMIC projects, had appointed a consultant to undertake a study & formulate the master plan for the Manesar-
BawalBawal is a municipality of Rewari district in the state of Haryana, India. Bawal comes under the National Capital Region of India and is strategically located on the National Highway 8, about 14 km from Rewari, 60 km from Gurgaon and about 100 km from Delhi.- Geography :Bawal is...
Investment Region (MBIR) and pre-feasibility studies for two early bird projects. Haryana government had identified four Early Bird Projects to be implemented as a pilot initiative within the DMIC region: Mass Rapid Transportation System between Gurgaon-
ManesarManesar/मानेसर is a fast growing industrial town in Gurgaon district of the State of Haryana in India, and is a part of the National Capital Region of Delhi. It has transformed from a sleepy village to one of the fastest growing townships in India. It is an upcoming area of NCR. Some of the...
-Bawal, exhibition-cum-convention centre, integrated multi-modal logistics hub and new passenger rail link. The first phase of the project is likely to be completed by 2012 with an estimated $90 billion ( Rs 4,23,000 crore) to be invested in infrastructure in the investment regions.
Reliance 25000 acres (101.2 km²) SEZ
Reliance VentureReliance Venture is a corporate venture capital company based in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It has been promoted by the Reliance ADA Group. It has advised and invested in deals to the tune of over $4 billion in various companies...
, a group company of India’s largest private sector company
Reliance IndustriesReliance Industries Limited is an Indian conglomerate company headquartered at Mumbai, India. The company operates through three business segments: petrochemicals, refining, and oil and gas, other segment of the company includes textile, retail business, special economic zone development and...
, and the Haryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd (HSIIDC),signed a joint venture to set up a multi-product special economic zone in Gurgaon.
After the truce between the Ambani brothers the new and old business seems to be coming back on track. RIL is planning to kick-start its SEZ plan in Gurgaon and Jhajjar with around Rs 3000 crore being pumped in. Agreements are virtually done with
JapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
ese and
KoreanThe Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
companies like
PanasonicPanasonic is an international brand name for Japanese electric products manufacturer Panasonic Corporation, which was formerly known as Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd...
and
Mitsuiis one of the largest corporate conglomerates in Japan and one of the largest publicly traded companies in the world.-History:Founded by Mitsui Takatoshi , who was the fourth son of a shopkeeper in Matsusaka, in what is now today's Mie prefecture...
for setting up large manufacturing and logistics facilities in the Gurgaon SEZ and estimated to create 1.5 million jobs.
Urbanism
Initially a small farming village located southwest of Delhi, Gurgaon saw a massive increase in its population and economy after the real estate developer, DLF Group, bought farms owned by local people and started developing
housing societiesA housing estate is a group of buildings built together as a single development. The exact form may vary from country to country. Accordingly, a housing estate is usually built by a single contractor, with only a few styles of house or building design, so they tend to be uniform in appearance...
. Many residential parts of Gurgaon are located within a numbered DLF "Phase".
In Hindu and Mughal times the city was largely made up of the temples and forts which were used as a barrier to secure Delhi. The present city of Gurgaon can be considered the metropolitan area encompassing every settlement around the original city, and expanding even further with the establishment of new neighbourhoods and districts.
Transportation
Road
An eight lane
expresswayA controlled-access highway is a highway designed exclusively for high-speed vehicular traffic, with all traffic flow and ingress/egress regulated...
runs between Delhi and Gurgaon and connects to NH8 (Delhi-Jaipur-Mumbai national highway). The expressway connects to
Dhaula KuanDhaula Kuan is a major intersection of roads in Delhi, India. The name also now refers to the neighborhood surrounding the intersection. It lies in South West Delhi.-Intersection:Five major throughfares in Delhi meet at Dhaula Kuan...
in Delhi over a distance of 28 kilometres (17.4 mi). Buses connect Gurgaon bus station to Delhi and to cities and towns in Haryana and neighboring states.
The expressway is being extended to
JaipurJaipur , also popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. Founded on 18 November 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber, the city today has a population of more than 3.1 million....
225.6 kilometres (140.2 mi) and will be completed in June 2011. On an average seven persons lose their lives daily trying to negotiate the high density Delhi Gurgaon Expressway, built as part of the
Golden QuadrilateralThe Golden Quadrilateral is a highway network connecting India's four largest metropolises: Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata, thus forming a quadrilateral of sorts. Four other top ten metropolises: Bangalore, Pune, Ahmedabad, and Surat, are also served by the network...
project to connect the capital to
MumbaiMumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
. In a shocking revelation made by the first analysis of public-private partnership in the implementation of NHAI’s road projects, the Parliamentary Committee on Public Undertakings has said no road safety audit was ever conducted in respect of the Delhi-Gurgaon project either at the planning or the Detailed Project Report (DPR) stage. The corridor has no provision for road-warning signs where high-tension power lines are crossing the Expressway, removal of rings from drainage covers or training and deployment of marshals at the entry points for restricting two-wheelers from entering the high-traffic danger zone.
Infrastructure major Reliance Infrastructure has taken up a project to widen and upgrade the Gurgaon-Faridabad Road link, which is due to be completed by May 2011 and includes 4-laning of the road which is 2-laned at present. Source
The main bus depot of the city connects to neighboring towns including Delhi,
JaipurJaipur , also popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. Founded on 18 November 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber, the city today has a population of more than 3.1 million....
,
Alwar and
ChandigarhChandigarh is a union territory of India that serves as the capital of two states, Haryana and Punjab. The name Chandigarh translates as "The Fort of Chandi". The name is from an ancient temple called Chandi Mandir, devoted to the Hindu goddess Chandi, in the city...
. There are also buses to
Uttar PradeshUttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
,
JammuJammu , also known as Duggar, is one of the three administrative divisions within Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost state in India.Jammu city is the largest city in Jammu and the winter capital of Jammu and Kashmir...
,
FaridabadFaridabad is a city in the south-east of Haryana state in northern India, in Faridabad district. It lies at 28º 25' 16" N Latitude and 77º 18' 28" E Longitude. The district shares its boundaries with the National Capital and Union Territory of Delhi to its north, Gurgaon district to the west and...
,
DharuheraDharuhera is a census town in Rewari tehsil of Rewari district in the state of Haryana, India. Dharuhera comes under Delhi NCR region and it is an industrial hub.It was founded by Choudhary Nand Ram, a Yaduvanshi Ahir ruler of Rewari.-Geography:...
and others. Recently, the Gurgaon administration and Haryana Roadways have bought a number of Ashok Leyland low floor buses and started some new city bus service routes in New Gurgaon that connect MG Road to the many business parks like DLF City and Unitech International Business Park. The
Delhi Transport CorporationDelhi Transport Corporation is the main public transport operator of Delhi. It operates buses on many bus routes, including the mudrika and Bahri Mudrika . It is the largest CNG-powered bus service operator in the world. DTC is operating Interstate Services in 6 states viz...
also runs buses on the
Delhi-Gurgaon ExpresswayDelhi-Gurgaon Expressway is a long access-controlled toll expressway connecting Delhi, the national capital of India, and Gurgaon, an important satellite city of Haryana....
. Shared auto-rickshaws are also a very common, cheap and convenient means of transport in Gurgaon.
To improve the public transport system in the Millennium City, the state government has finally decided to start a city bus service in Gurgaon on public-private-partnership (PPP) mode.To facilitate the move, the state transport department has decided to purchase 450 new buses which will hit the streets by August-end in 2010. There will be an inter as well as intra-city service. Buses will ply from Gurgaon to Faridabad and Delhi.
Delhi Metro
The Gurgaon-Qutub minar section of
Delhi MetroDelhi Metro is a rapid transit system serving Delhi, Gurgaon, Noida and Ghaziabad in the National Capital Region of India. It is one of the largest metro networks in the world. The network consists of six lines with a total length of with 142 stations of which 35 are underground...
opened to public on 21 June 2010. The line has been extended up to Central Secretariat on 3 September 2010 and is ultimately merged with the existing Yellow line between
JahangirpuriThe Jahangirpuri Metro Station is located on the Yellow Line of the Delhi Metro....
and
Central SecretariatThe Central Secretariat is a Delhi Metro station in Delhi, on the Yellow Line. The Violet Line links it with Badarpur. A same level-interchange has been planned, as it will be the northern terminus of the Violet Line. It was the southern terminus of the Yellow line from 2005 to September 2010...
. The travel time for the 30 km between Qutub minar and HUDA city center on the currently open section is around 14 minutes.
Phase III Extension
On 3 May 2011 Delhi Metro head E Sreedharan announced that the IGI link, which presently covers New Delhi railway station to Dwarka sector 21 via the IGI airport, will be extended up to Gurgaon as part of Phase III.
The 14 km extension will bring the Millennium City considerably closer, providing a faster link to reach Gurgaon in just 35 minutes. This metro link will be connected to the
HUDA City Centre Metro StationThe HUDA City Centre is a terminal station on the Yellow Line of the Delhi Metro. It is an elevated station and is located in Gurgaon in the National Capital Region of India. The station was inaugurated on June 21, 2010 as part of the Qutub Minar—HUDA City Centre corridor....
in Gurgaon.
Haryana will set up its own Metro Corporation to extend the metro-rail facility to areas in the national capital region (NCR) falling in Haryana, and also plans to extend the Metro-rail up to Manesar town. However no plans or work has started and Metro officials denied any possibility even in near future.
Gurgaon Metro
Also, a privately owned and operated Gurgaon Metro Rail Link is planned to connect the Delhi Metro's Sikanderpur Station to NH-8, with 6 stations on a 6 km elevated link. It will be financed by DLF. This rail link will complete in 2013.
Bus terminal
Haryana Roadways is building a state-of-the-art bus terminal in sector 29 near HUDA City Centre Metro station. The contract of building the bus stand has been given to a private company. Bus Terminal is equipped with facilities that are generally available at airports. The bus terminal covers an area of 3 acres (12,140.6 m²) after completion will be unique and house around 500 buses. It is expected to be inaugurated in December 2012, and will have a
shopping mallA shopping mall, shopping centre, shopping arcade, shopping precinct or simply mall is one or more buildings forming a complex of shops representing merchandisers, with interconnecting walkways enabling visitors to easily walk from unit to unit, along with a parking area — a modern, indoor version...
,
multiplex-Science and engineering:* Multiplexing, combining many signals into a single transmission circuit or channel* Multiplexer, an electronic device that accomplishes multiplexing* Multiplex , a laboratory procedure in molecular biology-Entertainment:...
and a rest house inside the complex.
The buses catering to the intra city service would ply from the proposed stand. Gurgaon residents would be able to commute to Farrukhnagar, Manesar, Badshahpur, Pataudi and Sohna.
Train
The Gurgaon railway station located at western end of the original city and connects to
RewariRewari is a city and a municipal council in Rewari district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is located in south-west Haryana around from Delhi and from Gurgaon.- Etymology :...
towards the south and Delhi Cantt. towards north.
Indira Gandhi International Airport
Indira Gandhi International Airport is just 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the city center, which is only 15 minutes car drive and the city is well connected to the airport by the
Delhi-Gurgaon ExpresswayDelhi-Gurgaon Expressway is a long access-controlled toll expressway connecting Delhi, the national capital of India, and Gurgaon, an important satellite city of Haryana....
.
Education
Gurgaon is home to one of India's top business schools like
Management Development InstituteManagement Development Institute is a prestigious business school in India. It was established in 1973 and is located in Gurgaon, a commercial hub near the Indian capital of New Delhi. The institute is internationally known and is consistently ranked in the top 10 b-schools in India, often in the...
or MDI & IILM Institute for Higher Education. Other educational institutions are Apeejay College of Engineering,
Institute of Technology and ManagementThe ITM University was founded in 1996, to promote excellence in Technical and Management education by Educate India Society, registered under the Registration of Societies Act of 1860....
(ITM), Institute Of Business Management & Research, Gurgaon Institute of (ILMS),
Ansal Institute of TechnologyAnsal Institute of Technology is a private college situated in the city of Gurgaon, National Capital Region, India. AIT is affiliated with Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University , and was established in August 2000 under the Chiranjiv Charitable Trust. This has been possible on account of the...
, The Mahachindi World University, World Institute of technology, Gurgaon College of Engineering, World College of Technology and Management, KNS World Management College, JK Business School and Savera Group of Institutions, Dronacharya College of Engineering, Global Institute Of Technology & Management.
Indo-Israel training academy
The International College for Security Studies (ICSS) and
IsraelThe State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
i College for Security and Investigations (ICSI) signed a Memorandum of Understanding for setting up of a Security Training and Intelligence college. Spread over 150 acre (0.607029 km²) of lush green environs with best-in-class facilities, the ICSS academy will provide extensive training methodology and modules in all disciplines of Security
IntelligenceIntelligence has been defined in different ways, including the abilities for abstract thought, understanding, communication, reasoning, learning, planning, emotional intelligence and problem solving....
and management for young graduates, serving security professionals in the Government and Private Sectors, NCC C and NCC B certificate holders and youth at large.
Healthcare
Gurgaon residents have few of the most modern facilities in large corporate hospitals like Medanta the Medicity, Artemis Health Institute, Alchemist Institute, Paras Hospital,
Max HospitalMax Healthcare Institute is a healthcare institute based in New Delhi, India. The Institute is a wholly owned subsidiary company of Max India Limited...
,
Columbia Asia HospitalColumbia Asia is a chain of hospitals in Asia, with 16 medical facilities across India, Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia. The company is based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and was founded in 1994....
and the upcoming Fortis Hospital. These hospitals have made Gurgaon the hub of
medical tourismMedical tourism is a term initially coined by travel agencies and the mass media to describe the rapidly-growing practice of travelling across international borders to obtain health care...
in India. In addition, Gurgaon also has several private nursing homes, the district-level Civil Hospital and several dispensaries run by
ESIEmployees' State Insurance scheme is a self-financing social security and health insurance scheme for Indian workers. For all regular employees earning less than 15,000 per month salary, the employers and employees contribute a fixed percentage of the salary...
, ECHS and in partnership with various NGOs. Several independent private practitioners, as well as chains of family practice clinics like Ross Clinics, provide outpatient care to the populace.
Sports and recreation
Gurgaon has a large golfing population. Gurgaon has two 18-hole golf courses. Gurgaon is also home to two sports stadiums -
Tau Devi Lal StadiumTau Devi Lal Stadium is a multi-purpose sports complex located in Gurgaon within the state of Haryana, India. The site currently consists of two sports venues in addition to several practice facilities: the Tau Devi Lal Cricket Ground and the Tau Devi Lal Football Stadium.It is the home ground of...
has facilities for cricket, football, basketball and athletics as well as a sports hostel, while Nehru Stadium has facilities for football and athletics. Nehru Stadium has Hockey turf for matches. Football is a very popular sport with the youngsters of the city and every "colony" (district) has its own team. The Mir Iqbal Husain u-16 National Football Tournament was held at Tau Devi Lal stadium in 2009. The Indian national football team uses this ground as a training venue.
These days, Football has also got some children's attention.
In December, 2010 it hosted the Indian Super Cup between Dempo SC and East Bengal FC.
Quest Diagnostic center- US based worlds no. 1 Diagnostic center has been started their operation in gurgaon.
Lifestyle and culture
There are leisure parks like Leisure Valley Park and
Kingdom of DreamsKingdom of Dreams is India's first live entertainment, theatre and leisure destination , and is located in Sector 29, Gurgaon in NCR Delhi, near the Leisure Valley Park...
situated in sec 29. Spread over an area of about 25 acres (101,171.5 m²), Leisure Valley is a popular tourist attraction known for its greenery and musical fountains.
Shopping
There are over 40 malls in Gurgaon city. Notable amongst them are the Ambience Mall (near the Gurgaon-Delhi toll plaza), Sahara Mall, Metropolitan Mall, City Centre Mall and Plaza Mall (all on the MG Road, also known as the Mall Road). Newly opened Star Mall (on NH-8, near 32nd milestone) and Omaxe Mall (Sohna Road) are also drawing attention. In March 2008, the state administration mandated that all malls and shopping centers should be closed one day per week in order to conserve electricity and help traffic flow. Consequently, all malls and shopping centers are closed on Tuesday.
Restaurants and pubs
With a growing working population and increasing disposable income, Gurgaon has seen rapid growth in the restaurant industry.
Fast foodFast food is the term given to food that can be prepared and served very quickly. While any meal with low preparation time can be considered to be fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a...
joints such as
KFCKFC, founded and also known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is a chain of fast food restaurants based in Louisville, Kentucky, in the United States. KFC has been a brand and operating segment, termed a concept of Yum! Brands since 1997 when that company was spun off from PepsiCo as Tricon Global...
, McDonalds and
Pizza HutPizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise that offers different styles of pizza along with side dishes including pasta, buffalo wings, breadsticks, and garlic bread....
, as well as premium restaurants such as Bikanerwala,
Haldiram'sHaldiram's is one of India's largest sweets and snacks manufacturers, based in Nagpur And now in many City, India.-History:It was founded in 1937 by Shivkisan Agrawal, as retail sweets and namkeens shop in Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.-Products:...
, Pind Baluchi,
CorianderCoriander is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. Coriander is native to southern Europe and North Africa to southwestern Asia. It is a soft, hairless plant growing to tall. The leaves are variable in shape, broadly lobed at the base of the plant, and slender and feathery higher on the...
Leaf, Rodeo, Diya,
ChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
Club, Mainland China, Zinos and
PunjabiThe Punjabi people , ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ), also Panjabi people, are an Indo-Aryan group from South Asia. They are the second largest of the many ethnic groups in South Asia. They originate in the Punjab region, which has been been the location of some of the oldest civilizations in the world including, the...
by Nature, have seen great public response. Food Courts with multiple outlets are a common feature of shopping malls in the city. Local
dhabaIn India and Pakistan highways are dotted with local restaurants popularly known as dhabas In India and Pakistan highways are dotted with local restaurants popularly known as dhabas In India and Pakistan highways are dotted with local restaurants popularly known as dhabas (singular: dhaba; In India...
s like Machan and Zaika are also popular.
The legal age for
alcoholIn chemistry, an alcohol is an organic compound in which the hydroxy functional group is bound to a carbon atom. In particular, this carbon center should be saturated, having single bonds to three other atoms....
consumption in Gurgaon is 25 years, which has also resulted in the sprouting up of several
nightclubA nightclub is an entertainment venue which usually operates late into the night...
s and
wineWine is an alcoholic beverage, made of fermented fruit juice, usually from grapes. The natural chemical balance of grapes lets them ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, or other nutrients. Grape wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast. Yeast...
bars-Plurals:*Dessert bars*Parallel bars or uneven bars, apparatus in men's or women's gymnastics, respectively*The quality of the reception on a mobile phone-Place names:*Bars County, a former Kingdom of Hungary county in present-day Slovakia...
in the city. The Haryana Government permits running of no-frills drinking places locally referred to as "ahata", usually located besides liquor retail outlet. These drinking places are cheaper and stripped down version of swanky bars & restaurants thereby enabling poorer sections of the society to enjoy their drink for a relatively very lower spending.
Local cuisine
Haryana is famous for its cattle wealth. There is no dearth of milk and milk products in the cuisine of Haryana. People prepare
gheeGhee is a class of clarified butter that originated in South Asia and is commonly used in South Asian cuisine....
and butter, called tindi or nooni ghee, at home. In weddings, it is customary for people to give gifts prepared from ghee to the bride's family.
ButtermilkButtermilk refers to a number of dairy drinks. Originally, buttermilk was the liquid left behind after churning butter out of cream. It also refers to a range of fermented milk drinks, common in warm climates where unrefrigerated fresh milk otherwise sours quickly...
,
LassiLassi is a popular and traditional yogurt-based drink of the Indian Subcontinent. It is made by blending yogurt with water and Indian spices...
and
teaTea is an aromatic beverage prepared by adding cured leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant to hot water. The term also refers to the plant itself. After water, tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world...
are common drinks.
External links