Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen
Encyclopedia
Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen ("Outline of the comparative grammar
of the Indo-European languages
") is a major work of historical linguistics
by Karl Brugmann
and Berthold Delbrück
, published in two editions between 1886 and 1916. Brugmann treated phonology
and morphology
, and Delbrück treated syntax
.
The grammar of Proto-Indo-European
(PIE) is reconstructed from those of its daughter languages known in the late 19th century. The work represents a major step in Indo-European studies
, after Franz Bopp
's Comparative Grammar of 1833 and August Schleicher
's Compendium of 1871. Brugmann's neogrammarian
re-evaluation of PIE resulted in a view that in its essence continued to be valid until present times.
The volumes of the first edition were translated into English by Joseph Wright
(Volume I), Robert S. Conway
and William H. D. Rouse
(Volume II and the Indices) shortly after their appearance.
Comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness....
of the Indo-European languages
Indo-European languages
The Indo-European languages are a family of several hundred related languages and dialects, including most major current languages of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and South Asia and also historically predominant in Anatolia...
") is a major work of historical linguistics
Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics is the study of language change. It has five main concerns:* to describe and account for observed changes in particular languages...
by Karl Brugmann
Karl Brugmann
Karl Brugmann was a German linguist. He is a towering figure in Indo-European linguistics.-Biography:He was educated at Halle and Leipzig. He was instructor in the gymnasium at Wiesbaden and at Leipzig, and in 1872-77 was assistant at the Russian Institute of Classical Philology at the latter place...
and Berthold Delbrück
Berthold Delbrück
Berthold Gustav Gottlieb Delbrück was a German linguist who devoted himself to the study of the comparative syntax of the Indo-European languages.-Biography:...
, published in two editions between 1886 and 1916. Brugmann treated phonology
Phonology
Phonology is, broadly speaking, the subdiscipline of linguistics concerned with the sounds of language. That is, it is the systematic use of sound to encode meaning in any spoken human language, or the field of linguistics studying this use...
and morphology
Morphology (linguistics)
In linguistics, morphology is the identification, analysis and description, in a language, of the structure of morphemes and other linguistic units, such as words, affixes, parts of speech, intonation/stress, or implied context...
, and Delbrück treated syntax
Syntax
In linguistics, syntax is the study of the principles and rules for constructing phrases and sentences in natural languages....
.
The grammar of Proto-Indo-European
Proto-Indo-European language
The Proto-Indo-European language is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European languages, spoken by the Proto-Indo-Europeans...
(PIE) is reconstructed from those of its daughter languages known in the late 19th century. The work represents a major step in Indo-European studies
Indo-European studies
Indo-European studies is a field of linguistics dealing with Indo-European languages, both current and extinct. Its goal is to amass information about the hypothetical proto-language from which all of these languages are descended, a language dubbed Proto-Indo-European , and its speakers, the...
, after Franz Bopp
Franz Bopp
Franz Bopp was a German linguist known for extensive comparative work on Indo-European languages.-Biography:...
's Comparative Grammar of 1833 and August Schleicher
August Schleicher
August Schleicher was a German linguist. His great work was A Compendium of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-European Languages, in which he attempted to reconstruct the Proto-Indo-European language...
's Compendium of 1871. Brugmann's neogrammarian
Neogrammarian
The Neogrammarians were a German school of linguists, originally at the University of Leipzig, in the late 19th century who proposed the Neogrammarian hypothesis of the regularity of sound change...
re-evaluation of PIE resulted in a view that in its essence continued to be valid until present times.
First edition
- Brugmann
- Volume I: Phonology (1886)
- Volume II, Part I: Noun (1888)
- Volume II, Part II: Numerals and Pronouns, Verb (1892)
- Indices (1893)
- Delbrück
- Volume III: Syntax, Part I (1893)
- Volume IV: Syntax, Part II (1897)
- Volume V: Syntax, Part III (1900)
The volumes of the first edition were translated into English by Joseph Wright
Joseph Wright (linguist)
Joseph Wright FBA was an English philologist who rose from humble origins to become Professor of Comparative Philology at Oxford University.-Early life:...
(Volume I), Robert S. Conway
Robert Seymour Conway
Robert Seymour Conway was a British classical scholar and comparative philologist. Born in Stoke Newington, he was the older brother of Katharine St John Conway...
and William H. D. Rouse
W. H. D. Rouse
William Henry Denham Rouse was a pioneering British teacher who advocated the use of the Direct Method of teaching Latin and Greek.-Life:Born in Calcutta India on 31 May 1863...
(Volume II and the Indices) shortly after their appearance.
Second edition
Immediately after publication of the first edition, Brugmann began to work on an extensively revised second edition of his portion of the Grundriß:- Volume I: (1897)
- Volume II.1: (1906)
- Volume II.2: (1911)
- Volume II.3: (1916)
See also
- Proto-Indo-European languageProto-Indo-European languageThe Proto-Indo-European language is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European languages, spoken by the Proto-Indo-Europeans...
- Proto-Indo-European rootProto-Indo-European rootThe roots of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European language are basic parts of words that carry a lexical meaning, so-called morphemes. PIE roots always have verbal meaning like "to eat" or "to run", as opposed to nouns , adjectives , or other parts of speech. Roots never occur alone in the language...
- Indo-European studiesIndo-European studiesIndo-European studies is a field of linguistics dealing with Indo-European languages, both current and extinct. Its goal is to amass information about the hypothetical proto-language from which all of these languages are descended, a language dubbed Proto-Indo-European , and its speakers, the...
PIE dictionaries
- Indogermanisches etymologisches WörterbuchIndogermanisches Etymologisches WörterbuchThe Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch was published in 1959 by the Austrian-German comparative linguist and Celtic languages expert Julius Pokorny...
(IEW, first published 1956 by Julius PokornyJulius PokornyJulius Pokorny was an Austrian linguist and scholar of the Celtic languages, particularly Irish, and a supporter of Irish nationalism. He held academic posts in Austrian and German universities.-Life:...
) - Lexikon der indogermanischen VerbenLexikon der Indogermanischen VerbenThe Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben is an etymological dictionary of the Proto-Indo-European verb. The first edition appeared in 1998, edited by Helmut Rix. A second edition followed in 2001. The book is based on the Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch by Julius Pokorny...
(LIV, published 1998 and 2001 by Helmut RixHelmut RixHelmut Rix was a German linguist and professor of the Sprachwissenschaftliches Seminar of Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, Germany....
and others) - Indo-European Etymological DictionaryIndo-European Etymological DictionaryThe Indo-European Etymological Dictionary is a research project of the Department of Comparative Indo-European Linguistics at Leiden University, initiated in 1991 by Peter Schrijver and others....
, an ongoing project based in Leiden, intended to result in the publication of a comprehensive Indo-European etymological dictionary
External links
- Indogermanisches Wörterbuch by Gerhard Köbler, containing the PIE grammar from the Grundriß
- Pokorny PIE Data (University of Texas)