Group for a Switzerland without an Army
Encyclopedia
The Group for a Switzerland without an Army, (GSwA; , GSoA; , GSsA; , GSsE) is a group working to reduce the military activities of Switzerland
. The Group was created in Solothurn
on 12 September 1982 by 120 people. Its roster has varied considerably; as of 2009 its website states that it consists of about 20,000 members or supporters, consisting largely of pacifists and anti-militarists.
Currently, the group focuses on the following topics:
In Spring 1992, both chambers of the Swiss parliament decided to procure 34 F/A-18 Hornet
fighter jets. Within 32 days, the GSoA gathered 503,719 signatures. Never before and never since has an initiative been submitted within such a short time or with a comparable number of signatures. Nevertheless, the Swiss people rejected the initiative on the ballot by 57 to 43%.
In 1999, the GSoA helped assisted in collecting the 100,000 valid signatures necessary for a referendum on whether Switzerland would join the United Nations
. The Swiss electorate approved this proposal in 2002. In 2001, the GSoA gathered more than 60,000 signatures for a referendum against the revised legislation regulating the structure and deployment of the armed forces. The GSoA especially opposed the option to send armed troops abroad — a concern that was shared by some right-wing traditionalists. On 10 June 2001, the revised legislation was approved by 51% of the voters.
On 2 December 2001, Swiss voters considered two additionsl GSoA initiatives, called "In favor of a credible security policy and a Switzerland without an army" and "Solidarity instead of soldiers: In favor of a voluntary civilian peace service". In contrast to the first initiative to abolish the Swiss army, there was only sparse public debate on the issue - another topic dominated the media and the minds of the people: The September 11 attacks which occurred a few weeks before the vote took place. Both initiatives were rejected by 78% and 77% of the voters.
On 21 September 2007, the GSoA submitted an initiative that required a ban on all arms exports from Switzerland. This initiative required stricter legislation on private possession of firearms and a stop to the Swiss tradition
to store the assault rifles of each soldier at home. The initiative was supported by some 40 organisations, of which the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
, the Green Party of Switzerland
and the GSoA made the largest contributions. The initiative was submitted in February 2009 and rejected on November 29, 2009.
In 2008 the Swiss Federal Council
announced its plans to purchase a new generation of fighter aircraft. Immediately after this, the GSoA started an initiative that proposes a 10-year-moratorium for aircraft procurements. The collection of signatures was completed in May 2009. The vote will be scheduled in 2010 or 2011.
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
. The Group was created in Solothurn
Solothurn
The city of Solothurn is the capital of the Canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. The city also comprises the only municipality of the district of the same name.-Pre-roman settlement:...
on 12 September 1982 by 120 people. Its roster has varied considerably; as of 2009 its website states that it consists of about 20,000 members or supporters, consisting largely of pacifists and anti-militarists.
Means and objectives
The group is politically active and spreads awareness of its cause in several ways:- using the direct democratic tools in Switzerland to propose constitutional amendments and stimulate the public debate;
- practical and legal information, such as alternatives to Switzerland's mandatory military service, e.g. Swiss Civilian ServiceSwiss Civilian ServiceCivilian service is a Swiss institution, created in 1996 as an alternative to military service.Any man who is unable to do compulsory military service for reasons of conscience can submit an application to be allowed to do substitute civilian service instead. The applicant is then forced to attend...
, often opted for by conscientious objectors; - media work, covering subjects such as arms equipment sales.
Currently, the group focuses on the following topics:
- opposition to arms trade: In 2007, the group filed enough signatures for a national initiativeInitiativeIn political science, an initiative is a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote...
against arms trade. The Swiss will vote in a referendum on an amendment to the constitution that would ban the export of any weapon from Switzerland. This national referendum was held on November 29, 2009. - opposition to arms procurements, for example against the fighter jets which the Swiss army is about to purchase;
- constant criticism of Switzerland's militaristic traditions.
Initiatives and referendums
In early 1986 the group launched its first initiative, named "Für eine Schweiz ohne Armee und für eine umfassende Friedenspolitik" (For a Switzerland without an army and an overall peaceful political stance), which gathered 111,300 signatures (100,000 were required to initiate a vote). On 26 November 1989, 68.6% of eligible voters cast their ballot, resulting in 1,052,218 (35.6%) votes for the initiative. The high percentage of voters stunned everybody, and was interpreted as a manifestation of a remarkable loss of significance of the military in Swiss society. Although the initiative was rejected, the surprising result of the referendum influenced later reforms of Switzerland's armed forces.In Spring 1992, both chambers of the Swiss parliament decided to procure 34 F/A-18 Hornet
F/A-18 Hornet
The McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet is a supersonic, all-weather carrier-capable multirole fighter jet, designed to dogfight and attack ground targets . Designed by McDonnell Douglas and Northrop, the F/A-18 was derived from the latter's YF-17 in the 1970s for use by the United States Navy and...
fighter jets. Within 32 days, the GSoA gathered 503,719 signatures. Never before and never since has an initiative been submitted within such a short time or with a comparable number of signatures. Nevertheless, the Swiss people rejected the initiative on the ballot by 57 to 43%.
In 1999, the GSoA helped assisted in collecting the 100,000 valid signatures necessary for a referendum on whether Switzerland would join the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
. The Swiss electorate approved this proposal in 2002. In 2001, the GSoA gathered more than 60,000 signatures for a referendum against the revised legislation regulating the structure and deployment of the armed forces. The GSoA especially opposed the option to send armed troops abroad — a concern that was shared by some right-wing traditionalists. On 10 June 2001, the revised legislation was approved by 51% of the voters.
On 2 December 2001, Swiss voters considered two additionsl GSoA initiatives, called "In favor of a credible security policy and a Switzerland without an army" and "Solidarity instead of soldiers: In favor of a voluntary civilian peace service". In contrast to the first initiative to abolish the Swiss army, there was only sparse public debate on the issue - another topic dominated the media and the minds of the people: The September 11 attacks which occurred a few weeks before the vote took place. Both initiatives were rejected by 78% and 77% of the voters.
On 21 September 2007, the GSoA submitted an initiative that required a ban on all arms exports from Switzerland. This initiative required stricter legislation on private possession of firearms and a stop to the Swiss tradition
Gun politics in Switzerland
Gun politics in Switzerland are unique in Europe. The personal weapon of militia is kept at home as part of the military obligations. Switzerland has one of the highest militia gun ownership rates in the world. In recent times political opposition has expressed a desire for tighter gun regulations...
to store the assault rifles of each soldier at home. The initiative was supported by some 40 organisations, of which the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
, the Green Party of Switzerland
Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland, and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.-History:...
and the GSoA made the largest contributions. The initiative was submitted in February 2009 and rejected on November 29, 2009.
In 2008 the Swiss Federal Council
Swiss Federal Council
The Federal Council is the seven-member executive council which constitutes the federal government of Switzerland and serves as the Swiss collective head of state....
announced its plans to purchase a new generation of fighter aircraft. Immediately after this, the GSoA started an initiative that proposes a 10-year-moratorium for aircraft procurements. The collection of signatures was completed in May 2009. The vote will be scheduled in 2010 or 2011.