A Gooseneck lamp is a type of light fixture

Light fixture

A light fixture, light fitting, or luminaire is an electrical device used to create artificial light and/or illumination, by use of an electric lamp...

 in which a lamp

Lamp (electrical component)

A lamp is a replaceable component such as an incandescent light bulb, which is designed to produce light from electricity. These components usually have a base of ceramic, metal, glass or plastic, which makes an electrical connection in the socket of a light fixture. This connection may be made...

  (or "lightbulb") is attached to a flexible, adjustable shaft to allow the user to position the light source without moving the fixture or item to be illuminated. Gooseneck lamps are often used to position a light for reading, or in industry, to provide spot illumination for machining operations. Gooseneck lamps may be free standing floor lamps, desk lamps, or have magnetic bases in industrial applications.