Frédéric Justin Collet
Encyclopedia
Frédéric Justin Collet was a French pathologist and otolaryngologist.
He studied medicine in Lyon
, where he had as instructors Raphaël Lépine
(1851-1919), and Antonin Poncet
(1849-1913). In 1894 he obtained his doctorate, and in 1901 was appointed médecin des hôpitaux. Later he became a professor of general pathology in Lyon, being appointed professor of internal pathology in 1907, and a professor of otolaryngology
in 1927.
In 1910 with André Chantemesse
(1851-1919) and Antonin Poncet
(1849-1913), he founded the Bibliothèque de la Tuberculose, which was a collection of monograph
s dedicated to tuberculosis
.
", which was later to be named "Collet's syndrome". This disorder is caused by a lesion of cranial nerves IX
, X
, XI
, and XII
, resulting in paralysis
of the vocal cords, palate
, trapezius muscle
and sternocleidomastoid muscle
. It also results in anaesthesia of the larynx
, pharynx
and soft palate
. This condition is sometimes referred to as "Collet-Sicard syndrome", named in conjunction with Jean-Athanase Sicard
, who provided a description of the disorder independent of Collet.
He studied medicine in Lyon
Lyon
Lyon , is a city in east-central France in the Rhône-Alpes region, situated between Paris and Marseille. Lyon is located at from Paris, from Marseille, from Geneva, from Turin, and from Barcelona. The residents of the city are called Lyonnais....
, where he had as instructors Raphaël Lépine
Raphaël Lépine
Raphaël Lépine was a French physiologist who was a native of Lyons.From 1860 he served as interne at the hôpitaux de Lyon, and later moved to Paris, where from 1865 he worked as a hospital interne. In Paris he was a student of Jean-Martin Charcot...
(1851-1919), and Antonin Poncet
Antonin Poncet
Antonin Poncet was a French surgeon.He studied medicine in Lyon, where he served as interne des hôpitaux. He was a member of the Lyon ambulance corps during the Franco-Prussian War, and in 1878 became a member of the surgical section of the Lyon faculty of medicine...
(1849-1913). In 1894 he obtained his doctorate, and in 1901 was appointed médecin des hôpitaux. Later he became a professor of general pathology in Lyon, being appointed professor of internal pathology in 1907, and a professor of otolaryngology
Otolaryngology
Otolaryngology or ENT is the branch of medicine and surgery that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, and head and neck disorders....
in 1927.
In 1910 with André Chantemesse
André Chantemesse
André Chantemesse was a French bacteriologist born in Le Puy-en-Velay, Haute-Loire.From 1880 to 1885 he served as interne des hôpitaux in Paris, earning his doctorate in 1884 with a dissertation on adult tuberculous meningitis titled Étude sur la méningite tuberculeuse de l'adulte : les formes...
(1851-1919) and Antonin Poncet
Antonin Poncet
Antonin Poncet was a French surgeon.He studied medicine in Lyon, where he served as interne des hôpitaux. He was a member of the Lyon ambulance corps during the Franco-Prussian War, and in 1878 became a member of the surgical section of the Lyon faculty of medicine...
(1849-1913), he founded the Bibliothèque de la Tuberculose, which was a collection of monograph
Monograph
A monograph is a work of writing upon a single subject, usually by a single author.It is often a scholarly essay or learned treatise, and may be released in the manner of a book or journal article. It is by definition a single document that forms a complete text in itself...
s dedicated to tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
.
Collet-Sicard syndrome
In 1915 he described a disorder he called "glossolaryngoscapulopharyngeal hemiplegiaHemiplegia
Hemiplegia /he.mə.pliː.dʒiə/ is total paralysis of the arm, leg, and trunk on the same side of the body. Hemiplegia is more severe than hemiparesis, wherein one half of the body has less marked weakness....
", which was later to be named "Collet's syndrome". This disorder is caused by a lesion of cranial nerves IX
Glossopharyngeal nerve
The glossopharyngeal nerve is the ninth of twelve pairs of cranial nerves . It exits the brainstem out from the sides of the upper medulla, just rostral to the vagus nerve...
, X
Vagus nerve
The vagus nerve , also called pneumogastric nerve or cranial nerve X, is the tenth of twelve paired cranial nerves...
, XI
Accessory nerve
In anatomy, the accessory nerve is a nerve that controls specific muscles of the shoulder and neck. As part of it was formerly believed to originate in the brain, it is considered a cranial nerve...
, and XII
Hypoglossal nerve
The hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth cranial nerve , leading to the tongue. The nerve arises from the hypoglossal nucleus and emerges from the medulla oblongata in the preolivary sulcus separating the olive and the pyramid. It then passes through the hypoglossal canal...
, resulting in paralysis
Paralysis
Paralysis is loss of muscle function for one or more muscles. Paralysis can be accompanied by a loss of feeling in the affected area if there is sensory damage as well as motor. A study conducted by the Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation, suggests that about 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed...
of the vocal cords, palate
Palate
The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but, in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separate. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior...
, trapezius muscle
Trapezius muscle
In human anatomy, the trapezius is a large superficial muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the scapula...
and sternocleidomastoid muscle
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
In human anatomy, the sternocleidomastoid muscle , also known as sternomastoid and commonly abbreviated as SCM, is a paired muscle in the superficial layers of the anterior portion of the neck...
. It also results in anaesthesia of the larynx
Larynx
The larynx , commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the neck of amphibians, reptiles and mammals involved in breathing, sound production, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. It manipulates pitch and volume...
, pharynx
Pharynx
The human pharynx is the part of the throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity, and anterior to the esophagus and larynx. The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections: the nasopharynx , the oropharynx , and the laryngopharynx...
and soft palate
Soft palate
The soft palate is the soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth. The soft palate is distinguished from the hard palate at the front of the mouth in that it does not contain bone....
. This condition is sometimes referred to as "Collet-Sicard syndrome", named in conjunction with Jean-Athanase Sicard
Jean-Athanase Sicard
Jean-Athanase Sicard was a French neurologist and radiologist who was born in Marseille.He studied medicine in Marseille and Paris, where he studied with Charles Emile Troisier , Édouard Brissaud , Henri-Alexandre Danlos , Fulgence Raymond and Georges-Fernand-Isidore Widal...
, who provided a description of the disorder independent of Collet.
Selected writings
- Atlas stéréoscopique d’anatomie du nez et du larynx (with Jean Garel), 1897.
- Les troubles auditifs dans les maladies nerveuses, 1897
- Précis de pathologie interne, 1899; 9th edition, 1926.
- L’odorat et ses troubles, 1904.
- La tuberculose du larynx et des voies respiratoires supérieures, 1913
- Précis des maladies de l’appareil respiratoire, 1914
- Oto-laryngologie avec application à la neurologie, 1928