Eupatorieae
Encyclopedia
Eupatorieae is a tribe
of over 2000 species of plants in the aster family. Most of the species are native to tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate
areas of the Americas, but some are found elsewhere. Well-known members are Stevia
rebaudiana (known for its sweet leaves), a number of medicinal plants (for example in Eupatorium
), and a variety of late summer to autumn blooming garden flowers, including Ageratum and Conoclinium
(mistflower).
Plants in this tribe have only disc florets (no ray florets) and petals which are white, slightly yellowish off-white, pink, or purple (never a full yellow).
Within the aster family
, the Eupatorieae are in the subfamily Asteroideae
.
Within Asteroideae, they are in the supertribe Helianthodae.
Within Helianthodae, they belong to an informal group without taxonomic rank called the phytomelanin cypsela clade, which contains 11 tribes.
The sister tribe of Eupatorieae is probably Perityleae. This result received moderate statistical support (68% bootstrap percentage) in a study published in 2002.
There are approximately 170 to 180 genera in the Eupatorieae. The following list of 182 genera is from Hind and Robinson (2007). They do not recognize the genus Eutrochium
, but put those 5 species in Eupatorium.
The largest genera and the approximate number of species in each are:
Mikania (400), Ageratina (265), Stevia (200), Chromolaena (165), Koanophyllon (120), Brickellia (100), and Fleischmannia (95).
Sources:
In 1994, Kare Bremer did a cladistic analysis of Eupatorieae in his book on the family Asteraceae. He recognized only 16 subtribes, subsuming Neomirandeinae into Hebecliniinae.
In 2007, D. J. Nicholas Hind and Harold E. Robinson covered Eupatorieae for The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. They recognized the same 17 subtribes that King and Robinson had recognized in 1987.
The division of this tribe into subtribes is provisional and likely to change when more data, especially DNA sequence data, becomes available.
No DNA study has yet included a large number of species and sampled widely in Eupatorieae, but 3 studies have investigated Eupatorium and its relatives within the tribe. These 3 studies are the basis for the phylogeny shown below.
In some of the older works, the genus Eupatorium
has been circumscribed to include as many as 1200 species, over a third of the species in the tribe. In more recent works, Eupatorium
has been defined to contain about 40–45 species, with the main differences between authors being whether to include Eutrochium
and whether certain populations should be considered species, varieties, or hybrids.
As more becomes known about the Eupatorieae, other genera will surely have to be revised as well.
A partial phylogeny of the tribe (focusing on Eupatorium
and some of the other North American genera) is:
From the positions of Stevia and Stomatanthes in the phylogeny, it is obvious that some of the subtribes are probably polyphyletic. Many of the branches in the tree above have only weak statistical support, so this tree can not serve as a basis for re-classification. For convenience, the genera will remain in their current subtribes until a much larger data set enables the production of a more robustly supported phylogeny.
Includes: Gyptis
, Trichogonia
, Campuloclinium
, Conoclinium
,
Agrianthus
, Lasiolaena
, and Litothamnus
.
Includes: Critonia
, Fleischmanniopsis
, Ophryosporus
, and Neocabreria
.
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank between family and genus. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes.Some examples include the tribes: Canini, Acalypheae, Hominini, Bombini, and Antidesmeae.-See also:* Biological classification* Rank...
of over 2000 species of plants in the aster family. Most of the species are native to tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate
Temperate
In geography, temperate or tepid latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally relatively moderate, rather than extreme hot or cold...
areas of the Americas, but some are found elsewhere. Well-known members are Stevia
Stevia
Stevia is a genus of about 240 species of herbs and shrubs in the sunflower family , native to subtropical and tropical regions from western North America to South America. The species Stevia rebaudiana, commonly known as sweetleaf, sweet leaf, sugarleaf, or simply stevia, is widely grown for its...
rebaudiana (known for its sweet leaves), a number of medicinal plants (for example in Eupatorium
Eupatorium
Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing from 36 to 60 species depending on the classification system. Most are herbaceous perennial plants growing to 0.5–3 m tall. A few are shrubs. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere....
), and a variety of late summer to autumn blooming garden flowers, including Ageratum and Conoclinium
Conoclinium
Conoclinium, the mistflowers, is a genus of four species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants, native to North America. They are tall, and have blue to purple or violet flowers ....
(mistflower).
Plants in this tribe have only disc florets (no ray florets) and petals which are white, slightly yellowish off-white, pink, or purple (never a full yellow).
Within the aster family
Asteraceae
The Asteraceae or Compositae , is an exceedingly large and widespread family of vascular plants. The group has more than 22,750 currently accepted species, spread across 1620 genera and 12 subfamilies...
, the Eupatorieae are in the subfamily Asteroideae
Asteroideae
Asteroideae is a subfamily of the plant family Asteraceae. It contains about 70% of the species of the family.It is made of several tribes including Astereae, Calenduleae, Eupatorieae, Gnaphalieae, Heliantheae, Senecioneae and Tageteae.- Classification :...
.
Within Asteroideae, they are in the supertribe Helianthodae.
Within Helianthodae, they belong to an informal group without taxonomic rank called the phytomelanin cypsela clade, which contains 11 tribes.
The sister tribe of Eupatorieae is probably Perityleae. This result received moderate statistical support (68% bootstrap percentage) in a study published in 2002.
Genera
Eutrochium
Eutrochium is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in Asteraceae. They are commonly referred to as Joe-Pye weeds. They are native to Eastern North America and have non-dissected foliage and pigmented flowers. It includes all the purple flowering North American species of the genus Eupatorium as...
, but put those 5 species in Eupatorium.
The largest genera and the approximate number of species in each are:
Mikania (400), Ageratina (265), Stevia (200), Chromolaena (165), Koanophyllon (120), Brickellia (100), and Fleischmannia (95).
- AcanthostylesAcanthostylesAcanthostyles is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AcritopappusAcritopappusAcritopappus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AdenocritoniaAdenocritoniaAdenocritonia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AdenostemmaAdenostemmaAdenostemma is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family.It contains the following species:* Adenostemma harlingii* Adenostemma zakii* Adenostemma lavenia, also known as Adenostemma viscosum or Kāmanamana...
- AgeratellaAgeratellaAgeratella is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- Ageratina
- Ageratum
- AgrianthusAgrianthusAgrianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AlomiaAlomiaAlomia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AlomiellaAlomiellaAlomiella is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AmboroaAmboroaAmboroa is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AmoliniaAmoliniaAmolinia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AntilliaAntilliaAntillia is a legendary island that was reputed, during the 15th century age of exploration, to lie in the Atlantic Ocean, far to the west of Portugal and Spain...
- AristeguietiaAristeguietiaAristeguietia is a genus of about 21 species of flowering plant in the tribe Eupatorieae of the Asteraceae family. It is found from Colombia to southern Peru, with one species in Chile.It contains the following species:* Aristeguietia arborea...
- ArrojadocharisArrojadocharisArrojadocharis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AsanthusAsanthusAsanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AscidiogyneAscidiogyneAscidiogyne is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AsplundianthusAsplundianthusAsplundianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AustrobrickelliaAustrobrickelliaAustrobrickellia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AustrocritoniaAustrocritoniaAustrocritonia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- AustroeupatoriumAustroeupatoriumAustroeupatorium is a genus of 13 species of plants native to South America, including herbaceous perennials and shrubs. The native range is focused on eastern South America and extends as far north as Panama and Trinidad and as far west as Bolivia....
- AyapanaAyapanaAyapana is a genus of 14 species of tropical American perennial herbs, which have at times been classified in the genus Eupatorium. The leaves, at least of Ayapana triplinervis, are commonly used medicinally.- Species :A partial list is:...
- AyapanopsisAyapanopsisAyapanopsis is a genus of about 14 to 15 species of flowering plants in the Asteraceae family. They are found in the Andes, from southern Colombia to Argentina.It contains the following species:* Ayapanopsis luteynii-References:...
- BadilloaBadilloaBadilloa is a genus of 10 species of shrubs and small trees in the Asteraceae family. They are native to the Andes, from Venezuela to Peru.It contains the following species:* Badilloa atrescens-References:...
- BahianthusBahianthusBahianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- BarroeteaBarroeteaBarroetea is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- BarrosoaBarrosoaBarrosoa is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- BartlettinaBartlettinaBartlettina is a genus of about 37 species of flowering plants in the Asteraceae family. They are native to tropical America although one species, B...
- BejaranoaBejaranoaBejaranoa is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- BishopiellaBishopiellaBishopiella is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- BishoviaBishoviaBishovia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- BlakeanthusBlakeanthusBlakeanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- BrickelliaBrickelliaBrickellia is a genus of about 100 species of plants in the sunflower family , known commonly as brickellbushes. They are found in North America, Mexico, and Central America. Many species are native to the American southwest, especially Texas...
- BrickelliastrumBrickelliastrumBrickelliastrum is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CampovassouriaCampovassouriaCampovassouria is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CampulocliniumCampulocliniumCampuloclinium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CarminatiaCarminatiaCarminatia is a genus of annual plants native primarily to Mexico, but also the southwestern United States and Guatemala.- Classification :...
- CarphephorusCarphephorusCarphephorus is a genus of seven herbaceous perennials native to the southeastern United States. They flower in late summer to fall.- Classification :...
- CarphochaeteCarphochaeteCarphochaete is a genus of seven shrubs or subshrubs native to Mexico, with the range of one species extending into the southwestern United States.- Classification :Carphochaete is in the tribe Eupatorieae of the aster family...
- CastenediaCastenediaCastenedia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CatolesiaCatolesiaCatolesia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CavalcantiaCavalcantiaCavalcantia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ChacoaChacoaChacoa is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ChromolaenaChromolaenaChromolaena is a genus of about 165 species of perennials and shrubs in the aster family, Asteraceae. The name is derived from the Greek words χρῶμα , meaning "color," and λαινα , meaning "cloak." It refers to the colored phyllaries of some species...
- CiceroniaCiceroniaCiceronia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CondylidiumCondylidiumCondylidium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CondylopodiumCondylopodiumCondylopodium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ConocliniopsisConocliniopsisConocliniopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ConocliniumConocliniumConoclinium, the mistflowers, is a genus of four species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants, native to North America. They are tall, and have blue to purple or violet flowers ....
- CorethamniumCorethamniumCorethamnium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CritoniaCritoniaCritonia is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family.It contains the following species:* Critonia eggersii - Ecuador* Critonia morifolia - Bolivia...
- CritoniadelphusCritoniadelphusCritoniadelphus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CritoniellaCritoniellaCritoniella is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CronquistiaCronquistiaCronquistia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- CronquistianthusCronquistianthusCronquistianthus consists of 25 species of shrubs native to the Andes in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.The genus is named after the botanist Arthur John Cronquist .It contains the following species:* Cronquistianthus bulliferus...
- CrossothamnusCrossothamnusCrossothamnus is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It contains four species, including Crossothamnus gentryi....
- DasycondylusDasycondylusDasycondylus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- DecachaetaDecachaetaDecachaeta is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- DiacrantheraDiacrantheraDiacranthera is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- DissothrixDissothrixDissothrix is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- DisynaphiaDisynaphiaDisynaphia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- DyscritogyneDyscritogyneDyscritogyne is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- EiteniaEiteniaEitenia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- EllenbergiaEllenbergiaEllenbergia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ErythradeniaErythradeniaErythradenia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- EupatoriastrumEupatoriastrumEupatoriastrum is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae.There are seven species, including:*Eupatoriastrum angulifolium*Eupatoriastrum chlorostylum*Eupatoriastrum corvi*Eupatoriastrum johnbeamanii...
- EupatorinaEupatorinaEupatorina is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- EupatoriopsisEupatoriopsisEupatoriopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- EupatoriumEupatoriumEupatorium is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing from 36 to 60 species depending on the classification system. Most are herbaceous perennial plants growing to 0.5–3 m tall. A few are shrubs. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere....
- FerreyrellaFerreyrellaFerreyrella is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- FleischmanniaFleischmanniaFleischmannia is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. The name honours Gottfried F. Fleischmann , the teacher of Carl Heinrich Schultz at Erlangen. Members of the genus are native to South, Central, and North America, with some species found as far north as Virginia and Illinois...
- FleischmanniopsisFleischmanniopsisFleischmanniopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- FlyriellaFlyriellaFlyriella is a genus of perennial flowering plants in Asteraceae, and the species are commonly called Brickellbush. They are native to Texas and Mexico. It includes the below species:...
- GarberiaGarberiaGarberia is a shrub native to Florida. It grows in dry areas with sandy soils which do not contain much organic matter. It mostly flowers in the late fall, but can flower year round.- Classification :...
- GardnerinaGardnerinaGardnerina is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- GongrostylusGongrostylusGongrostylus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- GoyazianthusGoyazianthusGoyazianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- GrazieliaGrazieliaGrazielia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- GrisebachianthusGrisebachianthusGrisebachianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- GrosvenoriaGrosvenoriaGrosvenoria is a genus of about four species of shrubs and small trees in the Asteraceae family. They are native to the Andes, from central Ecuador to northern Peru at elevations of 2700 to 3700 meters.The genus contains the following species:...
- GuayaniaGuayaniaGuayania is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- GuevariaGuevariaGuevaria is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. Places where it is found include Ecuador and Peru.It contains the following species :* Guevaria alvaroi* Guevaria loxensis...
- GymnocondylusGymnocondylusGymnocondylus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- GymnocoronisGymnocoronisGymnocoronis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- GyptidiumGyptidiumGyptidium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- GyptisGyptisGyptis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- HartwrightiaHartwrightiaHartwrightia is a herbaceous perennial which grows in the southeastern United States . It is found in open areas, for example in pine flatlands, but is not tolerant of grazing or solid forest cover. It seems to do better in the presence of regular fires. It is considered threatened and the...
- HatschbachiellaHatschbachiellaHatschbachiella is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- HebecliniumHebecliniumHebeclinium is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. Places where it is found include Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.A partial list of species is:* Hebeclinium macrophyllum* Hebeclinium obtusisquamosum...
- HelogyneHelogyneHelogyne is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- HeterocondylusHeterocondylusHeterocondylus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- HofmeisteriaHofmeisteriaHofmeisteria is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- HughesiaHughesiaHughesia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- IdiothamnusIdiothamnusIdiothamnus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- IltisiaIltisiaIltisia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ImeriaImeriaImeria is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- IsocarphaIsocarphaIsocarpha is a genus of five species of plants. They are native to Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and northern South America, with the range of one species extending north into the United States.- Classification :...
- JaliscoaJaliscoaJaliscoa is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- JaramilloaJaramilloaJaramilloa is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- KauniaKauniaKaunia is a genus of 14 species of South American shrubs or small trees. Its range is centered in Bolivia but it is also found in Argentina, southern Brazil, Peru and Ecuador.- Selected species :...
- KoanophyllonKoanophyllonKoanophyllon is a genus of 115 species of flowering plants in the Asteraceae family. They are perennials and shrubs and are native to South America, Central America, the West Indies, Mexico, with a few species range extending into the United States...
- KyrsteniopsisKyrsteniopsisKyrsteniopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- LasiolaenaLasiolaenaLasiolaena is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- LepidesmiaLepidesmiaLepidesmia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- LeptocliniumLeptocliniumLeptoclinium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- LiatrisLiatrisLiatris is a genus of ornamental plants in the Asteraceae family, native to North America, Mexico, and the Bahamas. These plants are used as a popular summer flowers for bouquets.They are perennials, surviving the winter in the form of corms....
- LitothamnusLitothamnusLitothamnus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- LitrisaCarphephorusCarphephorus is a genus of seven herbaceous perennials native to the southeastern United States. They flower in late summer to fall.- Classification :...
- LomatozonaLomatozonaLomatozona is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- LorentzianthusLorentzianthusLorentzianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- LourteigiaLourteigiaLourteigia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- MacropodinaMacropodinaMacropodina is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- MacvaughiellaMacvaughiellaMacvaughiella is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- MalmeanthusMalmeanthusMalmeanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- MalperiaMalperiaMalperia is a monotypic plant genus in the daisy family which is made up of the sole species Malperia tenuis. This plant's common name is brown turbans or brownturbans. It is a rare plant endemic to the Sonoran Desert of the U.S. state of California and the Mexican state of Sonora...
- MatudinaMatudinaMatudina is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- MetasteviaMetasteviaMetastevia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- MexianthusMexianthusMexianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- MicrospermumMicrospermumMicrospermum is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- MikaniaMikaniaMikania is a genus of about 450 species in the family of Asteraceae.The name honors the Czech botanist Johann Christian Mikan. Members of the genus are stem twiners and lianas and are common in the neotropical flora. Mikania originates from South America...
- MonogereionMonogereionMonogereion is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- MorithamnusMorithamnusMorithamnus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- NeocabreriaNeocabreriaNeocabreria is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- NeocuatrecasiaNeocuatrecasiaNeocuatrecasia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- NeohintoniaNeohintoniaNeohintonia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- NeomirandeaNeomirandeaNeomirandea is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- NesomiaNesomiaNesomia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- NothobaccharisNothobaccharisNothobaccharis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- OaxacaniaOaxacaniaOaxacania is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- OphryosporusOphryosporusOphryosporus is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It contains 48 species, most of them from South America.It contains the following species:* O. apricus - Peru* O. bipinnatifidus - Peru* O. densiflorus - Ecuador...
- OsmiopsisOsmiopsisOsmiopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- OxylobusOxylobusOxylobus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PachythamnusPachythamnusPachythamnus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ParapiqueriaParapiqueriaParapiqueria is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PeteraveniaPeteraveniaPeteravenia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PhalacraeaPhalacraeaPhalacraea is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It contains the following species:* Phalacraea ecuadorensis * Phalacraea latifolia...
- PhanerostylisPhanerostylisPhanerostylis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PhaniaPhaniaPhania is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.-Species:*P. albisquama *P. curvicauda *P. funesta *P. incrassata Pandellé, 1894*P. speculifrons...
- PiptothrixPiptothrixPiptothrix is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PiqueriaPiqueriaPiqueria is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PiqueriellaPiqueriellaPiqueriella is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PiqueriopsisPiqueriopsisPiqueriopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PlanaltoaPlanaltoaPlanaltoa is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PlatypodantheraPlatypodantheraPlatypodanthera is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PleurocoronisPleurocoronisPleurocoronis is a genus of three species of shrubs or subshrubs native to the western United States and northwestern Mexico. It is in the tribe Eupatorieae of the aster family.- Species :...
- PolyanthinaPolyanthinaPolyanthina is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PraxeliopsisPraxeliopsisPraxeliopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PraxelisPraxelisPraxelis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ProlobusProlobusProlobus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- PseudobrickelliaPseudobrickelliaPseudobrickellia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- RadlkoferotomaRadlkoferotomaRadlkoferotoma is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- RaulinoreitziaRaulinoreitziaRaulinoreitzia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- RevealiaRevealiaRevealia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- SantosiaSantosiaSantosia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- SartorinaSartorinaSartorina is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ScheryaScheryaScherya is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- SciadocephalaSciadocephalaSciadocephala is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It contains five species, including Sciadocephala asplundii....
- SclerolepisSclerolepisSclerolepis is an aquatic plant native to the eastern United States. It lives in ponds and other wet areas. When water is abundant, the plant lives underwater, with long stems and flaccid, elongated leaves, and does not flower. When the water level drops, it assumes a form more familiar in...
- SemiriaSemiriaSemiria is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ShinnersiaShinnersiaShinnersia is an aquatic plant native to Texas and Mexico. The roots live in the muck at the bottom of shallow slow-moving water , and the stem extends above the water slightly ....
- SiapaeaSiapaeaSiapaea is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- SpaniopappusSpaniopappusSpaniopappus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- SphaereupatoriumSphaereupatoriumSphaereupatorium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- StandleyanthusStandleyanthusStandleyanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- SteviaSteviaStevia is a genus of about 240 species of herbs and shrubs in the sunflower family , native to subtropical and tropical regions from western North America to South America. The species Stevia rebaudiana, commonly known as sweetleaf, sweet leaf, sugarleaf, or simply stevia, is widely grown for its...
- SteviopsisSteviopsisSteviopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- SteyermarkinaSteyermarkinaSteyermarkina is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- StomatanthesStomatanthesStomatanthes is a genus of about 15 species of plants primarily native to South America, but with three species native to Africa.- Classification :...
- StylotrichiumStylotrichiumStylotrichium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- SymphyopappusSymphyopappusSymphyopappus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae. They are native to Brazil and Peru.Species include:*Symphyopappus apurimacensis*Symphyopappus decemflorus*Symphyopappus itatiayensis...
- TamaulipaTamaulipaTamaulipa is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae. The sole species it contains, Tamaulipa azurea, is commonly known as Blue Boneset. The generic name refers the Tamaulipan mezquital of southern Texas and northeastern Mexico, where this species is endemic...
- TeixeiranthusTeixeiranthusTeixeiranthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- TrichocoronisTrichocoronisTrichocoronis is a genus of two species of aquatic plant native to Texas and Mexico. They are annuals or perennials.- Classification :The genus contains the following species:*T...
- TrichogoniaTrichogoniaTrichogonia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- TrichogoniopsisTrichogoniopsisTrichogoniopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- TrilisaCarphephorusCarphephorus is a genus of seven herbaceous perennials native to the southeastern United States. They flower in late summer to fall.- Classification :...
- TuberostylisTuberostylisTuberostylis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- UleophytumUleophytumUleophytum is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- UrbananthusUrbananthusUrbananthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- UrolepisUrolepisUrolepis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- ViereckiaViereckiaViereckia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
- VittetiaVittetiaVittetia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
Sources:
Classification
In 1987, Robert M. King and Harold E. Robinson wrote a book on Eupatorieae. In this book, they divided the tribe into 17 subtribes. These are Hofmeisteriinae, Oxylobinae, Mikaniinae, Trichocoroninae, Adenostemmatinae, Fleischmanniinae, Ageratinae, Eupatoriinae, Liatrinae, Praxelinae, Gyptidinae, Disynaphiinae, Ayapaninae, Alomiinae, Critoniinae, Hebecliniinae, and Neomirandeinae.In 1994, Kare Bremer did a cladistic analysis of Eupatorieae in his book on the family Asteraceae. He recognized only 16 subtribes, subsuming Neomirandeinae into Hebecliniinae.
In 2007, D. J. Nicholas Hind and Harold E. Robinson covered Eupatorieae for The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. They recognized the same 17 subtribes that King and Robinson had recognized in 1987.
The division of this tribe into subtribes is provisional and likely to change when more data, especially DNA sequence data, becomes available.
No DNA study has yet included a large number of species and sampled widely in Eupatorieae, but 3 studies have investigated Eupatorium and its relatives within the tribe. These 3 studies are the basis for the phylogeny shown below.
In some of the older works, the genus Eupatorium
Eupatorium
Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing from 36 to 60 species depending on the classification system. Most are herbaceous perennial plants growing to 0.5–3 m tall. A few are shrubs. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere....
has been circumscribed to include as many as 1200 species, over a third of the species in the tribe. In more recent works, Eupatorium
Eupatorium
Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing from 36 to 60 species depending on the classification system. Most are herbaceous perennial plants growing to 0.5–3 m tall. A few are shrubs. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere....
has been defined to contain about 40–45 species, with the main differences between authors being whether to include Eutrochium
Eutrochium
Eutrochium is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in Asteraceae. They are commonly referred to as Joe-Pye weeds. They are native to Eastern North America and have non-dissected foliage and pigmented flowers. It includes all the purple flowering North American species of the genus Eupatorium as...
and whether certain populations should be considered species, varieties, or hybrids.
As more becomes known about the Eupatorieae, other genera will surely have to be revised as well.
A partial phylogeny of the tribe (focusing on Eupatorium
Eupatorium
Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing from 36 to 60 species depending on the classification system. Most are herbaceous perennial plants growing to 0.5–3 m tall. A few are shrubs. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere....
and some of the other North American genera) is:
From the positions of Stevia and Stomatanthes in the phylogeny, it is obvious that some of the subtribes are probably polyphyletic. Many of the branches in the tree above have only weak statistical support, so this tree can not serve as a basis for re-classification. For convenience, the genera will remain in their current subtribes until a much larger data set enables the production of a more robustly supported phylogeny.
Subtribes
In terms of the number of genera, the largest subtribes are Critoniinae (40), Gyptidinae (29), Ageratinae (26), Alomiinae (23), Ayapaninae (13), and Oxylobinae (9).- Gyptidinae, found mostly in eastern Brazil, is known to be polyphyletic. Hind and Robinson divide it into 3 groups based on Gyptis, Agrianthus, and Litothamnus.
Includes: Gyptis
Gyptis
Gyptis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
, Trichogonia
Trichogonia
Trichogonia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
, Campuloclinium
Campuloclinium
Campuloclinium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
, Conoclinium
Conoclinium
Conoclinium, the mistflowers, is a genus of four species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants, native to North America. They are tall, and have blue to purple or violet flowers ....
,
Agrianthus
Agrianthus
Agrianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
, Lasiolaena
Lasiolaena
Lasiolaena is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
, and Litothamnus
Litothamnus
Litothamnus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
.
- Critoniinae.
Includes: Critonia
Critonia
Critonia is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family.It contains the following species:* Critonia eggersii - Ecuador* Critonia morifolia - Bolivia...
, Fleischmanniopsis
Fleischmanniopsis
Fleischmanniopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
, Ophryosporus
Ophryosporus
Ophryosporus is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It contains 48 species, most of them from South America.It contains the following species:* O. apricus - Peru* O. bipinnatifidus - Peru* O. densiflorus - Ecuador...
, and Neocabreria
Neocabreria
Neocabreria is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
.
External links
- Eupatorieae In: Ed Schilling's Website
- USDA Plants U.S. Department of Agriculture Plants Database