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Dental porcelain (also known as dental ceramic) is a porcelain
Porcelain

Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in the form of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between and ....
 used by a dental technician
Dental technician

File:Bridge from dental porcelain.jpgA dental technician is a member of the dental team who, with a written work order, produces dental appliances such as a removable prothesis, including dentures and orthodontic technology, and fixed prostheses, such as Crown and bridge ....
 to create biocompatible lifelike crowns
Crown (dentistry)

File:Dental crown 29 PFM on Die.JPGFile:Dental crown 29 die.JPGCrown refers to the Dental restorations using materials that are fabricated by indirect methods which are cemented into place....
 and bridges
Bridge (dentistry)

A bridge, also known as a fixed partial denture, is a dental restoration used to replace a missing teeth by joining permanently to adjacent teeth or dental implants....
 for the dentist. Evidence suggests they are effective, although for three-unit molars only zirconia-based restorations are recommended.

The dentist will usually specify a shade of porcelain, corresponding to a set of bottles in the lab containing the porcelain powder.






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Dental porcelain (also known as dental ceramic) is a porcelain
Porcelain

Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in the form of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between and ....
 used by a dental technician
Dental technician

File:Bridge from dental porcelain.jpgA dental technician is a member of the dental team who, with a written work order, produces dental appliances such as a removable prothesis, including dentures and orthodontic technology, and fixed prostheses, such as Crown and bridge ....
 to create biocompatible lifelike crowns
Crown (dentistry)

File:Dental crown 29 PFM on Die.JPGFile:Dental crown 29 die.JPGCrown refers to the Dental restorations using materials that are fabricated by indirect methods which are cemented into place....
 and bridges
Bridge (dentistry)

A bridge, also known as a fixed partial denture, is a dental restoration used to replace a missing teeth by joining permanently to adjacent teeth or dental implants....
 for the dentist. Evidence suggests they are effective, although for three-unit molars only zirconia-based restorations are recommended.

The dentist will usually specify a shade of porcelain, corresponding to a set of bottles in the lab containing the porcelain powder. A common shade system used is the Vita guide. The powder corresponding to the dentine base is mixed with water, and then fired. Further layers are built up to mimic the natural translucency of the enamel
Enamel

Enamel may refer to:* Tooth enamel, the hard mineralized surface of teeth* Vitreous enamel, a smooth, durable coating made of melted and fused glass powder...
 of the tooth
Tooth

Teeth are small whitish structures found in the jaws of many vertebrates that are used to tear, scrape, and chew food. Some animals, particularly carnivores, also use teeth for hunting or defense....
. Often the porcelain is fused to a semi-precious metal or precious metal
Precious metal

A precious metal is a rare metallic chemical element of high economics value. Chemically, the precious metals are less reactivity than most elements, have high lustre , are softer or more ductility, and have higher melting points than other metals....
 such as gold
Gold

Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and atomic number 79. It is a highly sought-after precious metal, having been used as money, as a store of value, in jewelry, in sculpture, and for ornamentation since the beginning of recorded history....
, for extra strength. Many new systems use an aluminium oxide
Aluminium oxide

Aluminium oxide is an amphoteric oxide of aluminium with the chemical formula 23. It is also commonly referred to as alumina or aloxite in the mining, ceramic and materials science communities....
 or zirconium oxide or zirconia core.

Recent developments in dental CAD-
Computer-aided design

Computer-Aided Design is the use of computer technology to aid in the design and particularly the drafting of a part or product, including entire buildings....
CAM
Computer-aided manufacturing

Computer-aided manufacturing is the use of computer-based software tools that assist engineers and machinists in manufacturing or prototyping product components....
 technology have required specialized porcelains formed into sintered blocks. CAD/CAM restorations created with CEREC
CEREC

CEREC is a dental restoration product that allows a dental practitioner to produce an indirect ceramic dentistry restoration using a variety of computer assisted technologies, including 3D photography and CAD/CAM....
 technology appear to last well.

Dental porcelain is generally regarded as biologically inert. However, other toxicities may exist from some of the accessory materials, and the fillings may increase wear on opposing teeth.

Footnotes