Cristoforo Roncalli
Encyclopedia
Cristoforo Roncalli was an Italian
mannerist
painter. He was one of the three painters known as il Pomarancio
.
Roncalli was born in Pomarance
, a town near Volterra
. His training occurred in Tuscany
, and around 1578, he relocated to Rome
, Italy
where he worked for Niccolò Circignani
(also known as il Pomarancio).
Most of his fresco
work was in Rome, though he worked for a decade in Loreto
(1605–1615), where he decorated the New Sacristy. In Rome he decorated the cupola
of the church of Santa Maria di Loreto
and of San Silvestro in Capite
. He helped decorate the Oratory of San Filippo Neri in Vallicella. He also painted for the Oratory of Santissimo Crocifisso
, the Baptism of Constantine and St. Simon in the transept of San Giovanni in Laterano, and designed the mosaics in the Cappella Clementina in the St. Peter's Basilica
. One of his pupils from Siena was Alessandro Casolano
, and his son Ilario Casolano
.
Roncalli was named a Cavaliere of Christ in 1607. He died in Rome in 1626.
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
mannerist
Mannerism
Mannerism is a period of European art that emerged from the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520. It lasted until about 1580 in Italy, when a more Baroque style began to replace it, but Northern Mannerism continued into the early 17th century throughout much of Europe...
painter. He was one of the three painters known as il Pomarancio
Pomarancio
There are three Italian artists who went by the name of Pomarancio or Il Pomarancio :*Antonio Circignani *Niccolò Circignani *Cristoforo Roncalli...
.
Roncalli was born in Pomarance
Pomarance
Pomarance is a comune in the Province of Pisa in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 60 km southwest of Florence and about 60 km southeast of Pisa....
, a town near Volterra
Volterra
Volterra, known to the ancient Etruscans as Velathri, to the Romans as Volaterrae, is a town and comune in the Tuscany region of Italy.-History:...
. His training occurred in Tuscany
Tuscany
Tuscany is a region in Italy. It has an area of about 23,000 square kilometres and a population of about 3.75 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence ....
, and around 1578, he relocated to Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
where he worked for Niccolò Circignani
Niccolò Circignani
Niccolò Circignani was an Italian painter of the late-Renaissance or Mannerist period.Born in Pomarance, he is one of three Italian painters called Pomarancio. His first works are documented from the 1560s, where he painted frescos on the Old Testament stories for the Vatican Belvedere, where he...
(also known as il Pomarancio).
Most of his fresco
Fresco
Fresco is any of several related mural painting types, executed on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Greek word affresca which derives from the Latin word for "fresh". Frescoes first developed in the ancient world and continued to be popular through the Renaissance...
work was in Rome, though he worked for a decade in Loreto
Loreto (AN)
Loreto is a hilltown and comune of the Italian province of Ancona, in the Marche. It is mostly famous as the seat of the Basilica della Santa Casa, a popular Catholic pilgrimage site.-Location:...
(1605–1615), where he decorated the New Sacristy. In Rome he decorated the cupola
Cupola
In architecture, a cupola is a small, most-often dome-like, structure on top of a building. Often used to provide a lookout or to admit light and air, it usually crowns a larger roof or dome....
of the church of Santa Maria di Loreto
Santa Maria di Loreto (Rome)
Santa Maria di Loreto is a 16th century church in Rome, central Italy, located just across the street from the Trajan's Column, near the giant Monument of Vittorio Emanuele II....
and of San Silvestro in Capite
San Silvestro in Capite
The Church of Saint Sylvester in Capite is a Roman Catholic minor basilica and titular church in Rome dedicated to Pope Saint Sylvester I. Built in the 8th century as a shrine for the relics of the saints and martyrs from the Catacombs, the church is the National church of Great Britain.The Latin...
. He helped decorate the Oratory of San Filippo Neri in Vallicella. He also painted for the Oratory of Santissimo Crocifisso
Oratory of Santissimo Crocifisso
The Oratorio del Santissimo Crocifisso or the Oratory of the Most Holy Crucifix is a building in central Rome, Italy. Located next to the church of San Marcello al Corso, it served as a prayer hall and meeting house for the Confraternita del SS. Crocifisso...
, the Baptism of Constantine and St. Simon in the transept of San Giovanni in Laterano, and designed the mosaics in the Cappella Clementina in the St. Peter's Basilica
St. Peter's Basilica
The Papal Basilica of Saint Peter , officially known in Italian as ' and commonly known as Saint Peter's Basilica, is a Late Renaissance church located within the Vatican City. Saint Peter's Basilica has the largest interior of any Christian church in the world...
. One of his pupils from Siena was Alessandro Casolano
Alessandro Casolano
Alessandro Casolano was an Italian painter of the late-Renaissance period, active mainly in Siena. He was also called Alessandro della Torre. He was born at Siena, and was the pupil of Ventura Salimbeni and of Cristoforo Roncalli. His works are principally in the churches of Siena, but are also to...
, and his son Ilario Casolano
Ilario Casolano
Ilario Casolano was an Italian painter of the Baroque period.He was called Cristofano Casolano by Giovanni Baglione. He was, like his father, Alessandro Casolano, was a pupil of Cavalière Cristoforo Roncalli. He assisted his father in some of his frescoes, and after his death, finished the fresco...
.
Roncalli was named a Cavaliere of Christ in 1607. He died in Rome in 1626.