The
cherry is the
fruitIn broad terms, a fruit is a structure of a plant that contains its seeds.The term has different meanings dependent on context. In non-technical usage, such as food preparation, fruit normally means the fleshy seed-associated structures of certain plants that are sweet and edible in the raw state,...
of many plants of the genus
PrunusPrunus is a genus of trees and shrubs, which includes the plums, cherries, peaches, apricots and almonds. There are around 430 species spread throughout the northern temperate regions of the globe. Many members of the genus are widely cultivated for fruit and ornament.-Botany:Members of the genus...
, and is a fleshy stone fruit. The cherry fruits of commerce are usually obtained from a limited number of species, including especially cultivars of the wild cherry,
Prunus avium.
The name 'cherry', often as the compound term 'cherry tree', may also be applied to many other members of the genus
Prunus, or to all members of the genus as a collective term. The fruits of many of these are not cherries, and have other common names, including
plumA plum or gage is a stone fruit tree in the genus Prunus, subgenus Prunus. The subgenus is distinguished from other subgenera in the shoots having a terminal bud and solitary side buds , the flowers in groups of one to five together on short stems, and the fruit having a groove running down one...
,
apricotThe apricot, Prunus armeniaca, is a species of Prunus, classified with the plum in the subgenus Prunus. The native range is somewhat uncertain due to its extensive prehistoric cultivation.- Description :...
,
peachThe peach tree is a deciduous tree growing to tall and 6 in. in diameter, belonging to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae. It bears an edible juicy fruit called a peach...
, and others. The name 'cherry' is also frequently used in reference to cherry blossom.
Botany
True cherry fruits are members of the subgenus
Cerasus, which is distinguished by having the
flowerA flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs...
s in small corymbs of several together (not singly, nor in
racemeA raceme is a type of inflorescence that is unbranched and indeterminate and bears pedicellate flowers — flowers having short floral stalks called pedicels — along the axis. In botany, axis means a shoot, in this case one bearing the flowers. In a raceme, the oldest flowers are borne...
s), and by having a smooth fruit with only a weak groove or none along one side. The subgenus is native to the temperate regions of the
Northern HemisphereThe Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planet that is north of its equator—the word hemisphere literally means “half sphere”. It is also that half of the celestial sphere north of the celestial equator...
, with two species in America, three in Europe, and the remainder in Asia.
The majority of eating cherries are derived from either
Prunus aviumPrunus avium, commonly called wild cherry, sweet cherry, bird cherry, or gean, is a species of cherry, native to Europe, west Turkey, northwest Africa, and western Asia, from the British Isles south to Morocco and Tunisia, north to the Trondheimsfjord region in Norway and east to the Caucasus, and...
, the
wild cherry (sometimes called the
sweet cherry), or from
Prunus cerasus, the
sour cherry.
Species
The list below contains many
PrunusPrunus is a genus of trees and shrubs, which includes the plums, cherries, peaches, apricots and almonds. There are around 430 species spread throughout the northern temperate regions of the globe. Many members of the genus are widely cultivated for fruit and ornament.-Botany:Members of the genus...
species that bear the common name cherry, but they are not necessarily members of the subgenus
Cerasus, or bear edible fruit. For a complete list of species, see
PrunusPrunus is a genus of trees and shrubs, which includes the plums, cherries, peaches, apricots and almonds. There are around 430 species spread throughout the northern temperate regions of the globe. Many members of the genus are widely cultivated for fruit and ornament.-Botany:Members of the genus...
. Some common names listed here have historically been used for more than one species, e.g. "rock cherry" is used as an alternative common name for both
P. prostrata and
P. mahaleb.
- Prunus apetala (Siebold & Zucc.) Franch. & Sav. - clove cherry
- Prunus avium
Prunus avium, commonly called wild cherry, sweet cherry, bird cherry, or gean, is a species of cherry, native to Europe, west Turkey, northwest Africa, and western Asia, from the British Isles south to Morocco and Tunisia, north to the Trondheimsfjord region in Norway and east to the Caucasus, and...
(L.) L. - wild cherry, sweet cherry, mazzard or gean
- Prunus campanulata
Prunus campanulata is a species of cherry native to Taiwan, widely grown as an ornamental tree, and a symbol of Nago, Okinawa in the Ryukyus. It is variously known in English as the Taiwan cherry or Formosan cherry; in ; . It was described in 1883 by Carl Johann Maximowicz.-Invasive species:The...
Maxim. - Taiwan cherry, Formosan cherry or bell-flowered cherry
- Prunus canescens Bois. - greyleaf cherry
- Prunus caroliniana
Prunus caroliniana, known as the Carolina Cherry Laurel, with syns. Cherry Laurel, Carolina Cherry, Laurelcherry or Wild Mock Orange, is a flowering tree native to the Southeastern United States, from North Carolina south to Florida and westward to eastern Texas. It was once classified as...
Aiton - Carolina laurel cherry or laurel cherry
- Prunus cerasoides
Prunus cerasoides is a deciduous cherry tree found in East Asia. It is of the family Rosaceae and the genus Prunus. Its range extends in the Himalayas from Himachal Pradesh in India to southwest China and Burma. It grows in the forests from 1200 to 2400 metres above sea level.-Description:P...
D. Don. - wild Himalayan cherry
- Prunus cerasus L. - sour cherry
- Prunus cistena Koehne - purpleleaf sand cherry
- Prunus cornuta (Wall. ex Royle) Steud. - Himalayan bird cherry
- Prunus cuthbertii Small - Cuthbert cherry
- Prunus cyclamina Koehne - cyclamen cherry or Chinese flowering cherry
- Prunus dawyckensis Sealy - Dawyck cherry
- Prunus dielsiana C.K. Schneid. - tailed-leaf cherry
- Prunus emarginata (Douglas ex Hook.) Walp. - Oregon cherry or bitter cherry
- Prunus eminens Beck - (semisour cherry)
- Prunus fruticosa
Prunus fruticosa, the European dwarf cherry, or Dwarf cherry, Mongolian cherry or Steppe cherry is a deciduous, xerophytic, winter-hardy, cherry-bearing shrub...
Pall. - European dwarf cherry, dwarf cherry, Mongolian cherry or steppe cherry
- Prunus gondouinii (Poit. & Turpin) Rehder - duke cherry
- Prunus grayana
Prunus grayana is a species of cherry native to Japan and China, occurring at medium altitudes of 1,000–3,800 m in the temperate zone...
Maxim. - Japanese bird cherry or Gray's bird cherry
- Prunus humilis Bunge - Chinese plum-cherry or humble bush cherry
- Prunus ilicifolia
Prunus ilicifolia is an evergreen shrub to tree, producing edible cherries, with shiny and spiny toothed leaves similar in appearance to holly...
(Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) Walp. - hollyleaf cherry, evergreen cherry, holly-leaved cherry or islay
- Prunus incisa Thunb. - Fuji cherry
- Prunus jamasakura Siebold ex Koidz. - Japanese mountain cherry or Japanese hill cherry
- Prunus japonica Thunb. - Korean cherry
- Prunus laurocerasus L. - cherry laurel
- Prunus lyonii (Eastw.) Sarg. - Catalina Island cherry
- Prunus maackii
Prunus maackii, commonly called the Manchurian cherry or Amur chokecherry, is a species of cherry native to Korea and both banks of the Amur River, in Manchuria in northeastern China, and Amur Oblast and Primorye in southeastern Russia....
Rupr. - Manchurian cherry or Amur chokecherry
- Prunus mahaleb
Prunus mahaleb is a species of cherry native to central and southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northwest Africa, from Morocco north to France, southern Belgium, and Germany, and east to northern Pakistan and Kyrgyzstan.It is a deciduous tree or large...
L. - Saint Lucie cherry, rock cherry, perfumed cherry or mahaleb cherry
- Prunus maximowiczii
Prunus maximowiczii, known as the Miyama cherry or Korean cherry , is a small , fruiting cherry tree that can be found growing wild in northeastern Asia and Eurasia.- Taxonomy :The species was first described in 1857 by Franz Josef Ruprecht...
Rupr. - Miyama cherry or Korean cherry
- Prunus mume (Siebold & Zucc.) - Chinese plum or Japanese apricot
- Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb. - West Indian cherry
- Prunus nepaulensis (Ser.) Steud. - Nepal bird cherry
- Prunus nipponica Matsum. - Takane cherry, peak cherry or Japanese alpine cherry
- Prunus occidentalis Sw. - western cherry laurel
- Prunus padus L. - bird cherry or European bird cherry
- Prunus pensylvanica L.f. - pin cherry, fire cherry, or wild red cherry
- Prunus pleuradenia Griseb. - Antilles cherry
- Prunus prostrata
Prunus prostrata is a hardy alpine shrub found naturally above about 2000 m. up to as high as 4000 m...
Labill. - mountain cherry, rock cherry, spreading cherry or prostrate cherry
- Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl. - Chinese sour cherry or false cherry
- Prunus pumila
Prunus pumila, commonly called sand cherry, Bessey cherry, dwarf cherry, eastern sand cherry, Great Lakes sand cherry, prostrate dwarf cherry, Rocky Mountain cherry, or western sand cherry, is a species of Prunus native to eastern and central North America, from New Brunswick west to Ontario and...
L. - sand cherry
- Prunus rufa Wall ex Hook.f. - Himalayan cherry
- Prunus salicifolia Kunth. - capulin, Singapore cherry or tropic cherry
- Prunus sargentii
Prunus sargentii, commonly known as Sargent's cherry, North Japanese hill cherry, or in Japan, is a species of cherry native to Japan, Korea, and Sakhalin .The tree was named for Charles Sprague Sargent.-Description:...
Rehder - Sargent's cherry or Ezo Mountain cherry
- Prunus serotina Ehrh. - black cherry
- Prunus serrula Franch. - paperbark cherry, birch bark cherry or Tibetan cherry
- Prunus serrulata
Prunus serrulata or Japanese Cherry; also called Hill Cherry, Oriental Cherry or East Asian Cherry, is a species of cherry native to Japan, Korea and China. It is known for its spring cherry blossom displays and festivals....
Lindl. - Japanese cherry, hill cherry, Oriental cherry or East Asian cherry
- Prunus speciosa
Prunus speciosa, the Oshima Cherry, Japanese オオシマザクラ , is native to Izu Ōshima island and the Izu Peninsula on Honshū near Tokyo, Japan.-Description:Prunus speciosa is a deciduous tree typically high...
(Koidz.) Ingram - Oshima cherry
- Prunus ssiori Schmidt- Hokkaido bird cherry
- Prunus stipulacea Maxim.
- Prunus subhirtella
Prunus subhirtella, sometimes also called Spring Cherry, Higan cherry, or Rosebud cherry is a small tree originating in Japan, but unknown in the wild. It is probably of hybrid origin between Prunus incisa and Prunus spachiana....
Miq. - Higan cherry or spring cherry
- Prunus takesimensis Nakai - Takeshima flowering cherry
- Prunus tomentosa
Nanking Cherry is a species of Prunus native to northern and western China , Korea, Mongolia, and possibly northern India...
Thunb. - Nanking cherry, Manchu cherry, downy cherry, Shanghai cherry, Ando cherry, mountain cherry, Chinese dwarf cherry, Chinese bush cherry
- Prunus verecunda
Prunus verecunda, commonly called Korean Hill/Mountain Cherry, is a native of Japan. It generally has autumnal leaves of reddish-brown or crimson red colour. It has flowers of bright yellow-white colours.-Biochemistry:...
(Koidz.) Koehne - Korean mountain cherry
- Prunus virginiana L. - chokecherry
- Prunus x yedoensis Matsum. - Yoshino cherry or Tokyo cherry
Etymology and antiquity
The native range of the wild cherry extends through most of Europe, western Asia and parts of northern Africa, and the fruit has been consumed through its range since prehistoric times. A cultivated cherry is recorded as having been brought to Rome by
Lucius Licinius LucullusLucius Licinius Lucullus , was an optimate politician of the late Roman Republic, closely connected with Sulla Felix...
from northeastern
AnatoliaAnatolia is a geographic and historical term denoting the westernmost protrusion of Asia, comprising the majority of the Republic of Turkey...
, modern day Turkey, also known as the
PontusPontus or Pontos is a historical Greek designation for a region on the southern coast of the Black Sea, located in modern-day northeastern Turkey. The name was applied to the coastal region in antiquity by the Greeks who colonized the area, and derived from the Greek name of the Black Sea: Πόντος...
region, in 72 BC.
A form of cherry was introduced into England at
TeynhamTeynham is a large village, and civil parish in Kent, England, in the district of Swale. The parish lies to the north of the A2 some three miles west of Faversham, and includes the hamlet of Conyer, on an inlet of the Swale, a channel that separates the mainland of Kent from the Isle of Sheppey...
, near
SittingbourneSittingbourne is an industrial town about eight miles east of Gillingham in England, beside the Roman Watling Street off a creek in the Swale, a channel separating the Isle of Sheppey from mainland Kent...
in
KentKent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...
by order of
Henry VIIIHenry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was Lord, and later King, of Ireland, as well as continuing the nominal claim by the English monarchs to the Kingdom of France...
, who had tasted them in
FlandersFlanders is the community of the Flemings but also one of the institutions in Belgium, and a geographical region located in parts of present-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands. "Flanders" can also refer to the northern part of Belgium that contains Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp...
.
The English word cherry, French
cerise and Spanish
cereza all come from the classical Greek (κέρασος) through the Latin
cerasum, thus the ancient Roman place name
Cerasus- Plants and fruits :* Cherry, aka Cerasus, subgenus of the genus Prunus* Cerasus, a synonym of the genus Prunus- Places :* Giresun, provincial capital of Giresun Province in the Black Sea Region of northeastern Turkey...
, today a city in northern Turkey
GiresunGiresun is the provincial capital of Giresun Province in the Black Sea Region of northeastern Turkey, about west of the city of Trabzon.-Etymology:...
from which the cherry was first exported to Europe.
Nutritional value
Cherries contain
anthocyaninAnthocyanins are water-soluble vacuolar pigments that may appear red, purple, or blue according to pH...
s, the red pigment in berries. Cherry anthocyanins have been shown to reduce pain and
inflammationInflammation is part of the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. Inflammation is a protective attempt by the organism to remove the injurious stimuli and to initiate the healing process...
in rats. Anthocyanins are also potent
antioxidantAn antioxidant is a molecule capable of inhibiting the oxidation of other molecules. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that transfers electrons or hydrogen from a substance to an oxidizing agent. Oxidation reactions can produce free radicals. In turn, these radicals can start chain reactions. When...
s under active research for a variety of potential health benefits. According to a study funded by the Cherry Marketing Institute presented at the Experimental Biology 2008 meeting in San Diego, rats that received whole tart cherry powder mixed into a high-fat diet did not gain as much weight or build up as much body fat, and their blood showed much lower levels of inflammation indicators that have been linked to heart disease and diabetes. In addition, they had significantly lower blood levels of cholesterol and triglycerides than the other rats.
Wildlife value
Cherry trees also provide food for the
caterpillarCaterpillars are the larval form of members of the order Lepidoptera . They are mostly herbivorous in food habit, although some species are insectivorous. Caterpillars are voracious feeders and many of them are considered to be pests in agriculture...
s of several
LepidopteraLepidoptera is a large order of insects that includes moths and butterflies . It is one of the most widespread and widely recognizable insect orders in the world, encompassing moths and the three superfamilies of butterflies, skipper butterflies, and moth-butterflies...
. See
List of Lepidoptera which feed on Prunus.
Cultivation
The cultivated forms are of the species wild cherry (
P. avium) to which most cherry
cultivarA cultivar'Cultivar has two meanings as explained under Formal definition. When used in reference to a taxon, the word does not apply to an individual plant but to all those plants sharing the unique characteristics that define the cultivar. is a plant or group of plants selected for desirable...
s belong, and the
sour cherryPrunus cerasus, or the sour cherry, is a species of Prunus in the subgenus Cerasus , native to much of Europe and southwest Asia. It is closely related to the wild cherry Prunus cerasus, or the sour cherry, is a species of Prunus in the subgenus Cerasus (cherries), native to much of Europe and...
(
P. cerasus), which is used mainly for cooking. Both species originate in Europe and western Asia; they do not cross-pollinate. Some other species, although having edible fruit, are not grown extensively for consumption, except in northern regions where the two main species will not grow. Irrigation, spraying, labor and their propensity to damage from rain and hail make cherries relatively expensive. Nonetheless, there is high demand for the fruit. Cherry is harvested by using shaker in commercial production.
Growing season
Cherries have a very short growing season and can grow in most temperate latitudes. The peak season for cherries is in the summer. In Australia, they are usually at their peak in late December, in southern Europe in June, in North America in June, in south British Columbia (Canada) in July to mid August, and in the UK in mid July. In many parts of North America, they are among the first tree fruits to ripen.
In Orange, NSW - A cool climate cherry region, the season begins in mid November and finishes towards the end of January. 'Kordia' is an early variety which ripens during the beginning of December, 'Lapins peak' near the end of December, and 'Sweethearts' appear slightly later.
Commercial production
Annual world production (as of 2007) of cultivated cherry fruit is about two million
tonneThe tonne, known as the metric ton in the US , often put pleonastically as "metric tonne" to avoid confusion with ton, is a metric system unit of mass equal to 1000 kilograms. The tonne is not an International System of Units unit, but is accepted for use with the SI...
s. Around 40% of world production originates in Europe and around 13% in the United States.
Top Cherry Producing Nations - 2009
(in thousand metric tons) |
| |
417.7 |
| |
390.7 |
| |
225.0 |
| |
116.2 |
| |
96.4 |
| |
78.3 |
| |
69.0 |
| |
67.9 |
| |
67.0 |
| |
56.0 |
| |
53.6 |
| |
53.0 |
| |
50.5 |
| |
48.0 |
| |
39.5 |
| |
34.7 |
| |
30.3 |
| |
29.2 |
| |
27.0 |
| |
18.0 |
| |
17.4 |
| |
15.0 |
| |
14.6 |
| |
13.7 |
| |
13.0 |
| |
12.7 |
| |
11.2 |
| |
10.9 |
| |
10.7 |
| |
10.2 |
| |
9.0 |
| |
8.1 |
| |
7.4 |
| |
7.1 |
| |
6.9 |
| World Total |
2,196.1 |
| Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |
Eurasia
Major commercial cherry orchards in Europe are in
TurkeyTurkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
(mainly
AnatoliaAnatolia is a geographic and historical term denoting the westernmost protrusion of Asia, comprising the majority of the Republic of Turkey...
),
ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
and
SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
. To a smaller extent is also grown in the
Baltic StatesThe term Baltic states refers to the Baltic territories which gained independence from the Russian Empire in the wake of World War I: primarily the contiguous trio of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania ; Finland also fell within the scope of the term after initially gaining independence in the 1920s.The...
and southern
ScandinaviaScandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...
.
North America
In the United States, most sweet cherries are grown in Washington,
CaliforniaCalifornia is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
,
OregonOregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is located on the Pacific coast, with Washington to the north, California to the south, Nevada on the southeast and Idaho to the east. The Columbia and Snake rivers delineate much of Oregon's northern and eastern...
, and
MichiganMichigan is a U.S. state located in the Great Lakes Region of the United States of America. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake"....
. Important sweet cherry cultivars include
BingBing is a cultivar of the wild or sweet cherry that originated in the Pacific Northwest, in Milwaukie, Oregon, United States. The Bing remains a major cultivar in Oregon, Washington, California, Wisconsin and British Columbia...
, Brooks, Tulare, King and
RainierRainier is a cultivar of cherry. It was developed in 1952 at Washington State University by Harold Fogle. It is a cross between the Bing and Van cultivars....
. In addition, the Lambert variety is grown on the eastern side of
Flathead LakeFlathead Lake is the largest natural freshwater lake in the western part of the contiguous United States. With a surface area of between and , it is slightly larger than Lake Tahoe. The lake is a remnant of the ancient inland sea, Lake Missoula of the era of the last interglacial. Flathead Lake...
in northwestern
MontanaMontana is a state in the Western United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller, "island ranges" are found in the central third of the state, for a total of 77 named ranges of the Rocky Mountains. This geographical fact is reflected in the state's name,...
. Both Oregon and Michigan provide light-colored Royal Ann (Napoleon; alternately Queen Anne) cherries for the
maraschino cherryA maraschino cherry is a preserved, sweetened cherry, typically made from light-colored sweet cherries such as the Royal Ann, Rainier, or Gold varieties...
process. Most sour (also called tart) cherries are grown in Michigan, followed by
UtahUtah is a state in the Western United States. It was the 45th state to join the Union, on January 4, 1896. Approximately 80% of Utah's 2,763,885 people live along the Wasatch Front, centering on Salt Lake City. This leaves vast expanses of the state nearly uninhabited, making the population the...
,
New YorkNew York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
, and Washington. Additionally, native and nonnative cherries grow well in Canada (
OntarioOntario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa....
and
British ColumbiaBritish Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858...
). Sour cherries include Nanking and
Evans cherryEvans Cherry — is a sour cherry cultivar rediscovered in an old orchard near Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.It is significant as it was once thought that cherries would not grow in the harsh climate of the Canadian prairies, yet the first specimen, discovered, or more accurately, re-discovered, by Ieuan...
.
Traverse City, MichiganTraverse City is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Grand Traverse County, although a small portion extends into Leelanau County. It is the largest city in the 21-county Northern Michigan region. The population was 14,674 at the 2010 census, with 143,372 in the Traverse...
claims to be the "Cherry Capital of the World", hosting a
National Cherry FestivalThe National Cherry Festival is a festival in Traverse City, Michigan. The Original National Cherry Festival began in 1925 as the Blessing of the Blossoms Festival. This Festival was originally an event held in early May to attract tourists to Northern Michigan to view the booming cherry blossoms...
and making the world's largest cherry pie. The specific region of northern Michigan is known for tart cherry production is referred to as the "Traverse Bay" region.
Australia
In Australia, cherries are grown in all the states except for the Northern Territory. The major producing regions are located in the temperate areas within New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. Western Australia has limited production in the elevated parts in southwest of the state. Key production areas include
Young-Demographics:On census night, 7 August 2001, there were 6,821 people counted in Young. There were 238 people who identified as being of Indigenous origin in the 2001 Census...
, range, New South Wales|Orange] and
Bathurst-CBD and suburbs:Bathurst's CBD is located on William, George, Howick, Russell, and Durham Streets. The CBD is approximately 25 hectares and surrounds two city blocks. Within this block layout is banking, government services, shopping centres, retail shops, a park* and monuments...
in
New South WalesNew South Wales is a state of :Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales...
, Wandin, the Goulburn and Murray valley areas in
VictoriaVictoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....
, the
Adelaide HillsThe Adelaide Hills are part of the Mount Lofty Ranges, east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. It is unofficially centred on the largest town in the area, Mount Barker, which has a population of around 29,000 and is also one of Australia's fastest growing towns.- History :The...
region in
South AustraliaSouth Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country. It covers some of the most arid parts of the continent; with a total land area of , it is the fourth largest of Australia's six states and two territories.South Australia shares borders with all of the mainland...
, and the Huon and Derwent Valleys in
TasmaniaTasmania is an Australian island and state. It is south of the continent, separated by Bass Strait. The state includes the island of Tasmania—the 26th largest island in the world—and the surrounding islands. The state has a population of 507,626 , of whom almost half reside in the greater Hobart...
.
Key commercial varieties in order of seasonality include 'Empress', 'Merchant', 'Supreme', 'Ron's seedling', 'Chelan', 'Ulster', 'Van', 'Bing', 'Stella', 'Nordwunder', 'Lapins', 'Simone', 'Regina', 'Kordia' and 'Sweetheart'. New varieties are being introduced, including the late season 'Staccato' and early season 'Sequoia'. The Australian Cherry Breeding program is developing a series of new varieties which are under testing evaluation.
The New South Wales town of
Young-Demographics:On census night, 7 August 2001, there were 6,821 people counted in Young. There were 238 people who identified as being of Indigenous origin in the 2001 Census...
is called the "Cherry Capital of Australia" and hosts the National Cherry Festival.
Other information
Dried cherry cultivars infused with
raspberryThe raspberry or hindberry is the edible fruit of a multitude of plant species in the genus Rubus, most of which are in the subgenus Idaeobatus; the name also applies to these plants themselves...
concentrate are sold commercially under the name razzcherries.
See also
- Cherry blossom
- Cherry pitter
A cherry pitter is a device for removing the pit from a cherry, leaving the cherry relatively intact. Many styles of cherry pitter exist, including small tools held in the hand, domestic crank-operated machines with a hopper, and industrial machines....
- Dried cherry
Dried cherries are a type of dried fruit. They consist of cherries which have been subjected to a drying process.-Production:One method for industrial production of dried cherries involves first dipping them in a boiling 0.5–2% solution of sodium carbonate for up to 20 seconds, and then rinsing in...
- Griotte de Kleparow
- Marasca cherry
The Marasca cherry is a type of sour Morello cherry known only from cultivation. The Marasca cherry as grown in Mediterranean Croatia The Marasca cherry (Prunus cerasus var. marasca) is a type of sour Morello cherry known only from cultivation. The Marasca cherry as grown in Mediterranean...
Further reading
Journal articles on possible health benefits
- Connolly, D.A.J. et al. “Efficacy of a tart cherry juice blend in preventing the symptoms of muscle damage”, British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006),40(8):679-683.
- Ferretti, G. et al. “Cherry antioxidants: from farm to table”, Molecules (2010),15(10):6993-7005.
- Kelley, D.S. et al. ”Consumption of Bing sweet cherries lowers circulating concentrations of inflammation markers in healthy men and women”, Journal of Nutrition (2006),136(4):981-986.
- Pigeon, W.R. et al. ”Effects of a tart cherry juice beverage on the sleep of older adults with insomnia: a pilot study”, Journal of Medicinal Food (2010),13(3):579-583.
- Traustadóttir, T. et al. “Tart cherry juice decreases oxidative stress in healthy older men and women”, Journal of Nutrition (2009),139(10):1896-1900.
External links
- "Cherry juice hailed as superfood", Daily Mail
The Daily Mail is a British daily middle-market tabloid newspaper owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust. First published in 1896 by Lord Northcliffe, it is the United Kingdom's second biggest-selling daily newspaper after The Sun. Its sister paper The Mail on Sunday was launched in 1982...
, 26 September 2008.
- Phenolic compounds in sweet and sour cherries—Cornell University
Cornell University is an Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York, United States. It is a private land-grant university, receiving annual funding from the State of New York for certain educational missions...
study.
- Health Effects of Tart Cherries. (Jacob Schor, August 2, 2011)