Campa languages
Encyclopedia
The Campa languages, Pre-Andine Maipurean / Arawakan, are Arawakan languages
Arawakan languages
Macro-Arawakan is a proposed language family of South America and the Caribbean based on the Arawakan languages. Sometimes the proposal is called Arawakan, in which case the central family is called Maipurean....

 of the Peruvian Amazon. The best known is Ashéninka.

Languages

Kaufman (1994) gives the following breakdown:
  • Ashéninka (Pajonal Ashéninka
    Pajonal Ashéninka
    Ashéninka Pajonal is an American indigenous language of the Arawakan family spoken in Perú by native people in the Central Gran Pajonal area. All but a few of the 12,000 people in the ethnic group are fluent. Other names for Ashéninka Pajonal are Ashéninca, Atsiri, Pajonal, and lasty the largely...

    , South Ucayali Ashéninka
    South Ucayali Ashéninka
    Ashéninka South Ucayali is an indigenous American language spoken along Perú's Upper Ucayali river. There is a 15% literacy rate, it is an official language.-References:*...

    , Pichis Ashéninka
    Pichis Ashéninka
    Ashéninka Pichis is an indigenous American language spoken along Perú's Pichis river. There is a 30% literacy rate, it is an official language.-References:*...

    , Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka
    Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka
    Ashéninka Ucayali-Yurúa is an indigenous American language spoken along Perú's Ucayali and Yurúa river by 7,000 people and also 212 people in the Brazilian state of Acre. There is a 15% literacy rate, it is an official language of Perú in the area where it is the dominant language. A dictionary and...

    , Perené Ashéninka
    Perené Ashéninka
    Ashéninka Perené or Ashéninca Perené is an indigenous American language of the Arawakan family spoken by natives in Perú's Upper Perené river, a tributary of the Pachitea river. This variety of Ashéninka is somewhat mutually comprehensibale with other Ashéninka languages...

    )
  • Axininca
    Axininca language
    Axininca is an Arawakan language spoken along the Apurucayali tributary of the Pachitea River in Peru....

  • Asháninka
    Asháninka language
    Asháninka is an Arawakan language spoken by the Asháninca people along the Apurímac, Ene, Perené, and Tambo Rivers and tributaries in Perú. Their ethnic group numbers from 25,000 to 30,000. Many of them still speak their native tongue....

  • Caquinte
  • Machiguenga
    Machiguenga language
    Machiguenga is a major Arawakan language of Peru. It is close enough to Nomatsiguenga to sometimes be considered dialects of a single language, especially given that both are spoken by the Machiguenga people....

      Matsigenka
  • Nomatsiguenga
    Nomatsiguenga language
    Nomatsiguenga is an Arawakan language of Peru. It is close enough to Machiguenga to sometimes be considered dialects of a single language, especially given that both are spoken by the Machiguenga people. Most speakers are monolingual....



The Asheninka languages are close, apart from Axininca. Ashaninka and Caquinte are closest to each other, as are Machiguenga and Nomatsiguenga.

Ethnologue 16 breaks up Asheninka (as above) and adds Nanti, which is evidently closest to Machiguenga.
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