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Belweder (; Polish
Polish language

Polish , an official language of Poland, has the largest number of speakers of any West Slavic languages. Polish-speakers use the language in a uniform manner through most of Poland, and it has a regular orthography....
: Palac Belwederski, Belweder Palace, from the Italian
Italian language

Italian is a Romance languages spoken by about 63 million people as a first language, primarily in Italy. In Switzerland, Italian is one of four Linguistic geography of Switzerlands....
 bello and vedere — "beautiful" and "to see") is a palace in Warsaw
Warsaw

Warsaw is the Capital and World's largest cities of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River roughly from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains....
, a few kilometers south of the Royal Castle.

present building is the latest of several that stood on the site since 1660. Belweder once belonged to Poland's last king, Stanislaw August Poniatowski, who used it as a porcelain-manufacturing plant.






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Belweder (; Polish
Polish language

Polish , an official language of Poland, has the largest number of speakers of any West Slavic languages. Polish-speakers use the language in a uniform manner through most of Poland, and it has a regular orthography....
: Palac Belwederski, Belweder Palace, from the Italian
Italian language

Italian is a Romance languages spoken by about 63 million people as a first language, primarily in Italy. In Switzerland, Italian is one of four Linguistic geography of Switzerlands....
 bello and vedere — "beautiful" and "to see") is a palace in Warsaw
Warsaw

Warsaw is the Capital and World's largest cities of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River roughly from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains....
, a few kilometers south of the Royal Castle.

History

The present building is the latest of several that stood on the site since 1660. Belweder once belonged to Poland's last king, Stanislaw August Poniatowski, who used it as a porcelain-manufacturing plant. From 1818 it was the residence of Russian Grand Duke Constantine
Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich of Russia

Constantine Pavlovich Romanov , grand duke and tsesarevich of Russia, was prepared by his grandmother, Catherine the Great, to become an emperor of a would-be restored Byzantine Empire....
, who fled it at the beginning of the November 1830 Uprising.

After the re-establishment of Poland's independence following World War I, it was (with a hiatus, 1922-26) the residence of Marshal Józef Pilsudski
Józef Pilsudski

]]In 1892 Pilsudski returned from exile. In 1893 he joined the Polish Socialist Party and helped organize its Lithuanian branch. Initially he sided with the Socialists' more radical wing, but despite the socialist movement's ostensible internationalism he remained a Polish nationalist....
, Chief of State (1918–22) and later (1926-35) dictator of Poland, who died there in 1935. (During the May 1926 coup d'etat, President Stanislaw Wojciechowski
Stanislaw Wojciechowski

Stanislaw Wojciechowski was born on March 15, 1869 in Kalisz, and died near Warsaw on April 9, 1953 at the age of 84. He was born into a family of Polish nobility, and the intelligentsia....
 had abandoned it ahead of Pilsudski's advancing forces.)

During World War II, the building was extensively remodeled for Hans Frank
Hans Frank

Hans Michael Frank was a Germany lawyer who worked for the Nazi party during the 1920s and 1930s and later became a high-ranking official in Nazi Germany....
, Governor-General of the German-occupied "General Government
General Government

The General Government refers to a part of the territories of Poland under German military occupation during World War II by Nazi Germany and was an autonomous part of "Greater Germany"....
" of Poland.

In 1945-1952 it was the residence of Boleslaw Bierut
Boleslaw Bierut

Boleslaw Bierut was a Poland Communist leader, a Stalinism who became President of Poland after the Soviet occupation of the country in the aftermath of World War II....
, and later of the president of the Council of State
Council of State

The Council of State is the name of an organ of government in many states, and especially in republics. The name Council of State is applied to different types of bodies in different states, from the formal name for the cabinet to a non-executive advisory body surrounding a head of state....
. From 1989 to July 1994, it was the official residence of Poland's president, but proved too small for that purpose.

Protection of the Belweder Palace by the Government Protection Bureau
Biuro Ochrony Rzadu

Biuro Ochrony Rzadu is Poland's equivalent of the United States Secret Service, providing antiterrorism and Very Important Person security services for the Government of Poland....
 (Biuro Ochrony Rzadu, abbreviated BOR) was difficult, as the palace is located on a hill that shares a fence with the popular Lazienki Park
Lazienki Park

The Royal Baths Park is the largest park in Warsaw, Poland, occupying 76 hectares of the city center. The park-and-palace complex lies in Warsaw's Downtown , on Ujazd?w Avenue on the "Royal Route" linking the Royal Castle, Warsaw with Wilan?w, to the south....
, located below, a major tourist attraction. For security reasons, the park has had to be partly closed during visits by foreign heads of state to the Belweder. Due to the size of Lazienki Park, this has proven difficult and time-consuming, and the Polish press has mocked Secret Service agents checking the bushes
Shrub

A shrub or bush is a horticulture rather than strictly Botany category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 5-6 m tall....
 and disturbing the Park's peacocks
Peafowl

The term peafowl can refer to the two species of bird in the genus Pavo of the pheasant family , Phasianidae. The African Congo Peafowl is placed in its own genus Afropavo and is not dealt with here....
.

Currently Belweder is used by the President and the Government for ceremonial purposes, while the President resides at the "Governor's Palace
Presidential Palace, Warsaw

Presidential Palace in Warsaw, Poland, is the elegant classicist latest version of a building that has stood on the Krakowskie Przedmiescie site since 1643....
" in the city center. It also serves as an official residence for heads of state on official visits to Poland and other important guests. There have been plans to turn the Belweder Palace into a museum
Museum

A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development, open to the public, which acquires, conserves, researches, communicates and exhibits the tangible and intangible heritage of humanity and its environment, for the purposes of education, study, and entertainment", as defined by the International Coun...
 dedicated to Józef Pilsudski. Currently it houses a small exhibition devoted to the Marshal.

Gallery

Image:Canaletto Lazienki.PNG|Lazienki Park
Lazienki Park

The Royal Baths Park is the largest park in Warsaw, Poland, occupying 76 hectares of the city center. The park-and-palace complex lies in Warsaw's Downtown , on Ujazd?w Avenue on the "Royal Route" linking the Royal Castle, Warsaw with Wilan?w, to the south....
 in 1775 by Bernardo Bellotto
Bernardo Bellotto

Bernardo Bellotto was an Italy urban Landscape art Painting or vedutista, and printmaker in etching famous for his vedutes of European cities ....
 Image:MWP 1830 Belweder.jpg|Storming of the Belweder Palace during the November Uprising Image:Pilsudski in Warsaw3.JPG|Statue of Józef Pilsudski
Józef Pilsudski

]]In 1892 Pilsudski returned from exile. In 1893 he joined the Polish Socialist Party and helped organize its Lithuanian branch. Initially he sided with the Socialists' more radical wing, but despite the socialist movement's ostensible internationalism he remained a Polish nationalist....
 in front of the Belweder, Pilsudski's residence

See also

  • Royal Route
    Royal Route

    Royal Route may refer to:*Royal Route, Warsaw, Poland*Royal Road, Krak?w, PolandSee also:*Royal coronations in Poland, Poland...
  • Presidential Palace
    Presidential Palace, Warsaw

    Presidential Palace in Warsaw, Poland, is the elegant classicist latest version of a building that has stood on the Krakowskie Przedmiescie site since 1643....
  • Polish classicism
    Polish classicism

    Classicism came to Poland in the 18th century. The center of Polish classicism is Warsaw under the reign of Stanislaw August Poniatowski. The best known architects and artists, who worked in Poland were Dominik Merlini, Jan Chrystian Kamsetzer, Szymon Bogumil Zug, Jakub Kubicki, Antonio Corazzi, Efraim Szreger, Christian Piotr Aigner, Wawrzyn...


External links