Allan Hepburn
Encyclopedia
Wing Commander
Allan Hepburn, DFC
, (11 October 1896 – 21 July 1975) was an Australian World War I
flying ace, who was born in Melbourne
, Victoria
. He scored 16 victories during his flying career.
Hepburn enlisted in the Artists Rifles on 4 Aug 1916 and served in the trenches of France in the same year. He joined the Royal Flying Corps
at Denham on 6 Sept 1916, flying the Airco DH.5
in 24 Squadron of the RFC. He was slightly wounded in action in October 1917 and continued flying. In November he was posted to 40 Squadron of the RFC, but was injured in a crash and was sent to England to recuperate. In April 1918, Hepburn returned to duty flying a Bristol F.2 Fighter
, commanding the A Flight in 88 Squadron of the RAF. 88 Squadron RAF later joined 80 Wing RAF where Hepburn flew side by side with the two Australian Flying Corps scout squadrons.
Hepburn and his observers achieved 16 victories before the Armistice was signed. He received the Distinguished Flying Cross for a flight in October, 1918. "On 12th October this officer made a very fine flight, calling for courage and determination of a high order. Thick clouds were within 200 feet of the ground and the visibility was so bad that practically no flying was attempted. Despite these adverse conditions this officer volunteered to cross the lines. Climbing through the clouds, which were several thousand feet in depth, he flew above them, guided by compass, with no view of the ground. Continuing his flight until he estimated that he was in the vicinity of a certain objective, he descended, and found himself 150 feet over an enemy railway station. Dropping his bombs, he destroyed a passenger train, and afterwards engaged enemy troops and transport with machine-gun fire. Having caused considerable damage, Captain Hepburn climbed through the clouds and found his way home."
Allan Hepburn features in two stories in Rothesy Stuart Wortley's book, "Letters of a Flying Officer" (paperback from Alan Sutton, 1982). One of Hepburn's opinions reported in the book regards the use of radio, or wireless telephone, in the plane. "His chief objection to it is that one cannot stunt a machine with 150 feet of aerial trailing underneath the fuselage; and that one might very well find oneself involved in a scrap before one has the time to wind it up, with a possible result that the wire might get entangled in the propeller and so wreck the machine in mid-air."
After the war, Hepburn returned to Australia and joined the Royal Australian Air Force, becoming Commanding Officer 1 Squadron in 1929; Wing Commander, 1934; Director of Works and Building RAAF about 1936, and Director of Works Department of Defence during the Second War. He later became the Regional Director Civil Aviation in New South Wales and representative in Canada.
Wing Commander (rank)
Wing commander is a commissioned rank in the Royal Air Force and the air forces of many other Commonwealth countries...
Allan Hepburn, DFC
Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Flying Cross is a military decoration awarded to personnel of the United Kingdom's Royal Air Force and other services, and formerly to officers of other Commonwealth countries, for "an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty whilst flying in active operations against...
, (11 October 1896 – 21 July 1975) was an Australian World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
flying ace, who was born in Melbourne
Melbourne
Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...
, Victoria
Victoria (Australia)
Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....
. He scored 16 victories during his flying career.
Hepburn enlisted in the Artists Rifles on 4 Aug 1916 and served in the trenches of France in the same year. He joined the Royal Flying Corps
at Denham on 6 Sept 1916, flying the Airco DH.5
Airco DH.5
-Bibliography:* Bruce, J.M. Warplanes of the First World War, Vol. 1. London: MacDonald, 1965, pp. 128–132.* Jackson, A.J. De Havilland Aircraft since 1915. London: Putnam, 1962....
in 24 Squadron of the RFC. He was slightly wounded in action in October 1917 and continued flying. In November he was posted to 40 Squadron of the RFC, but was injured in a crash and was sent to England to recuperate. In April 1918, Hepburn returned to duty flying a Bristol F.2 Fighter
Bristol F.2 Fighter
The Bristol F.2 Fighter was a British two-seat biplane fighter and reconnaissance aircraft of the First World War flown by the Royal Flying Corps. It is often simply called the Bristol Fighter or popularly the "Brisfit" or "Biff". Despite being a two-seater, the F.2B proved to be an agile aircraft...
, commanding the A Flight in 88 Squadron of the RAF. 88 Squadron RAF later joined 80 Wing RAF where Hepburn flew side by side with the two Australian Flying Corps scout squadrons.
Hepburn and his observers achieved 16 victories before the Armistice was signed. He received the Distinguished Flying Cross for a flight in October, 1918. "On 12th October this officer made a very fine flight, calling for courage and determination of a high order. Thick clouds were within 200 feet of the ground and the visibility was so bad that practically no flying was attempted. Despite these adverse conditions this officer volunteered to cross the lines. Climbing through the clouds, which were several thousand feet in depth, he flew above them, guided by compass, with no view of the ground. Continuing his flight until he estimated that he was in the vicinity of a certain objective, he descended, and found himself 150 feet over an enemy railway station. Dropping his bombs, he destroyed a passenger train, and afterwards engaged enemy troops and transport with machine-gun fire. Having caused considerable damage, Captain Hepburn climbed through the clouds and found his way home."
Allan Hepburn features in two stories in Rothesy Stuart Wortley's book, "Letters of a Flying Officer" (paperback from Alan Sutton, 1982). One of Hepburn's opinions reported in the book regards the use of radio, or wireless telephone, in the plane. "His chief objection to it is that one cannot stunt a machine with 150 feet of aerial trailing underneath the fuselage; and that one might very well find oneself involved in a scrap before one has the time to wind it up, with a possible result that the wire might get entangled in the propeller and so wreck the machine in mid-air."
After the war, Hepburn returned to Australia and joined the Royal Australian Air Force, becoming Commanding Officer 1 Squadron in 1929; Wing Commander, 1934; Director of Works and Building RAAF about 1936, and Director of Works Department of Defence during the Second War. He later became the Regional Director Civil Aviation in New South Wales and representative in Canada.
World War I Victories
| Date | Aircraft | Location | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 17 May 1918 | Albatros D.V | E of Middelkerke |
| 2 | 31 May 1918 | Albatros D.V (OOC) | Ostend |
| 3 | 02 Jun 1918 | Albatros D.V (DESF) | Middelkerke-Ostend |
| 4 | 29 Jul 1918 | Fokker D.VII (OOC) | Bois Grenier |
| 5 | 31 Jul 1918 | Fokker D.VII (DESF) | Zelobes |
| 6 | 29 Aug 1918 | Fokker D.VII (OOC) | E of Lille |
| 7 | 01 Sep 1918 | Fokker D.VII (DESF) | E of Becelaere |
| 8 | 05 Sep 1918 | Fokker D.VII (OOC) | N of Douai |
| 9 | 05 Sep 1918 | Fokker D.VII (DESF) | Armentières |
| 10 | 06 Sep 1918 | Fokker D.VII (OOC) | N of Douai |
| 11 | 24 Sep 1918 | Fokker D.VII (DESF) | Habourdin |
| 12 | 08 Oct 1918 | Fokker D.VII (OOC) | SW of Cambrai |
| 13 | 09 Oct 1918 | Fokker D.VII (DES) | Seclin |
| 14 | 28 Oct 1918 | Fokker D.VII (OOC) | Leuze-Ath |
| 15 | 04 Nov 1918 | Pfalz D.III (DES) | Faucaumont |
| 16 | 04 Nov 1918 | Pfalz D.III (DES) | W of Mainvault-Faucaumont |