Academia Bârladeana
Encyclopedia
The Academia Bârlădeană was a cultural society, founded on May 1, 1915 in the city of Bârlad
(Tutova County
) - at present Vaslui County
- by George Tutoveanu, Toma Chiricuţă and Tudor Pamfile
.
(Tutova County
) - at present Vaslui County
- by George Tutoveanu, Toma Chiricuţă and Tudor Pamfile
. The scope of the academy, was to hold meetings where literary works were to be presented and discussed, to organize lectures on literary subjects, to publish literary magazines and to promote culture in the rural areas.
, when Wallachia
was occupied by German forces and many intellectuals had fled to Moldavia
, a second literary soiree was held on Thursdays, under the chairmanship of Alexandru Vlahuţă
, in the house of professor Eugeniu Bulbuc, where Vlahuţă was temporarily lodged as refugee.
In the 1920s and 1930s the activities of the academy were extended.
The meetings of the academy were attended by intellectuals from Bârlad and from other Romanian cities. Poets such as Vasile Voiculescu
, Ion Barbu
and George Bacovia
read some of their poems at these meetings.
The regular presence Iuliu and Virgil Niţulescu, physicians, G. Alexandrescu, professor at the Gheorghe Lazăr High School in Bucharest, C. Gruia, professor at the Normal School in Ploieşti, M. Rădulescu, professor at the High School in Buzău is to be mentioned. Other persons attending the meeting were Donar Munteanu, Victor Ion Popa
, Vasile Voiculescu
, Mihai Lungeanu, I.M. Raşcu, Ion Valerian, Petru Cancel, captain Iulian Popovici, captain G. Alexandrescu, Mihai Lupescu, Natalia Paşa, George Pallady, G.M. Vlădescu, George Ponetti, C.R. Crişan, Virgil Duiculescu, Dr. Isac Veinfeld (Ion Palodă) and N. Bogescu. The academy also tried to attract younger intellectuals. The new generation was represented by George Nedelea, Vasile Damaschin, Ştefan Cosma, G.G. Ursu, George Damaschin, Cicerone Mucenic, M. Panaite, Constantin Rânzescu, G. Ioniţă, Paul Viscocil, Emil Tudor, Constantin Dimoftache Zeletin. Less active were other members were Nichifor Crainic
, Pamfil Şeicaru, Atanasie Mândru, Gheorghe Taşcă
, Ion Buzdugan, V. Savel, Gr. Veja, N.N. Lenguceanu, C. Z. Buzdugan, I. Pajură, N. Lupu, Aurel Balaban, Zoe C. Frasin, Ion Vicol and Marieta Creangă.
Among the lecturers who presented their views to the academy the most important were George Tutoveanu, Victor Ion Popa
, G.G. Ursu, Mircea Pavelescu, George Pallady, Ionel Teodoreanu
, Anastasie Mândru, Tudor Vianu
and Ioan A. Bassarabescu.
Literary meetings were also organized in other Romanian cities such as Tecuci
and Bălţi
(now in the Republic of Moldova). The academy also organized meetings in rural areas such as the villages of Pochidia (at the estate of Gheorghe Taşcă
), Zorleni, Unţeşti, Gohor, Barcea and Iveşti.
The Academy published the following magazines and newspapers:
The activities of the academy were discontinued at the beginning of World War II
. The academy was disestablished when the Communist Party took power.
the Academia Bârlădeană was reestablished. The present honorary chairman is Professor doctor C.D. Zeletin and the acting chairman Professor doctor Mona Elena Diaconu.
Bârlad
Bârlad is a city in Vaslui County, Romania. It lies on the banks of the Bârlad River, which waters the high plains of eastern Moldavia....
(Tutova County
Tutova County
Tutova County is one of the historic counties of Moldavia, Romania with the city of Bârlad as capital.-Geography:Tutova County covered 2,498 km2 and was located in the eastern of Greater Romania, in Moldavia. Currently, the territory that comprised Tutova County is now included at present in...
) - at present Vaslui County
Vaslui County
Vaslui is a county of Romania, in the historical region Moldavia, with the seat at Vaslui.-Demographics:In 2002, it had a population of 455,049 and the population density was 86/km².*Romanians - over 98%*Romas, other-Geography:...
- by George Tutoveanu, Toma Chiricuţă and Tudor Pamfile
Tudor Pamfile
Tudor Pamfile was a Romanian writer.Tudor Pamfile was born on June 11, 1883 in the village of Ţepu in Tecuci County . He attended primary school and the gimnasium in Tecuci, and the transferred to the Military School in Bucharest...
.
Background
After the unification of the Romanian principalities cultural activities started developing in the city of Bârlad, exceeding in importance the ones of other provincial cities of Romania. Important cultural magazines and newspapers were published in the city such as:- Semănătorul, established on September 27, 1870 by Ion PopescuIon PopescuIon Popescu was a Romanian teacher and writer. He was born in northern Transylvania and attended school in Baia Mare and Cluj.Forced to flee from Transylvania because of his involvement in the 1848 Revolution, in 1849 Ion Popescu settled in Bârlad where he first occupied a position of teacher in a...
and Ştefan NeagoeStefan NeagoeŞtefan Neagoe was a Romanian teacher and writer. He worked as professor at the Gheorghe Roşca Codreanu High School in Bârlad.In 1870 he was one of the founderd of the cultural society "Unirea" and on September 27, 1870 established the magazine Semănătorul...
. The magazine continued to appear until 1876; - PalodaPalodaPaloda was a literary magazine published in Bârlad, Romania. The magazine was established on February 5, 1881 by Ştefan Neagoe. The magazine continued to appear until 1883, when it was replaced by the Tutova newspaper. Its publication restarted in 1893 and continued till 1908....
, established on February 5, 1881 by Ştefan NeagoeStefan NeagoeŞtefan Neagoe was a Romanian teacher and writer. He worked as professor at the Gheorghe Roşca Codreanu High School in Bârlad.In 1870 he was one of the founderd of the cultural society "Unirea" and on September 27, 1870 established the magazine Semănătorul...
. The magazine appeared until 1908. - LegalitateaLegalitateaLegalitatea was a weekly newspaper published in Bârlad, Romania. The newspaper, covering political, economic and literary topics, was first printed on December 16, 1882, at the G.V. Munteanu printing shop...
(1882–1884); - ProgresulProgresul (magazine)Progresul was a weekly newspaper published in Bârlad, Romania. The newspaper was first printed on November 9, 1883, at the G.V. Munteanu printing shop. Though claiming to support the Liberal Party, the newspaper published mostly cultural articles, contributed by the professors of the Gheorghe Roşca...
(1883–1885); - TutovaTutova (magazine)Tutova was a weekly newspaper published in Bârlad, Romania between 1884 and 1892. The newspaper was published by editor and printer George Caţafany. The director of the newspaper was Panaite Chenciu...
(1884–1892). - George LazărGeorge Lazar (magazine)George Lazăr is a cultural magazine published in Bârlad. The magazine was established on April 15, 1887 by Solomon Haliţă. The editorial committee included G. Constantinescu Râmniceanu, Gheorghe Ghibănescu, Gavril Onişor, V.G. Diaconescu and L. Apostolescu....
established on April 15, 1887 by Solomon Haliţă and edited by G. Constantinescu Râmniceanu, Gheorghe Ghibănescu, Gavril Onişor, V.G. Diaconescu and L. Apostolescu. - BârladulBârladulBârladul was a weekly newspaper published in Bârlad, Romania. The newspaper was first published on July 20, 1887, by Solomon Haliţă and Gheorghe Ghibănescu. Its mai contributors were Grigore Negură, C.Slobozeanu, St. G....
established on July 20, 1887 by Solomon Haliţă and Gheorghe Ghibănescu - Făt FrumosFat FrumosFăt Frumos was a semimonthly literary magazine published in Bârlad, Romania. Covering political, economic and literary topics, was first printed on March 15, 1904, at the C. D. Lupaşcu printing shop. The chief editors were George Tutoveanu and D. Nanu, and, at a later date Corneliu Moldoveanu and...
established March 15, 1904, edited until May 15, 1906 by George Tutoveanu and in 1909 by Emil Gârleanu
Establishment of the academy
The Academia Bârlădeană was founded on May 1, 1915 in the city of BârladBârlad
Bârlad is a city in Vaslui County, Romania. It lies on the banks of the Bârlad River, which waters the high plains of eastern Moldavia....
(Tutova County
Tutova County
Tutova County is one of the historic counties of Moldavia, Romania with the city of Bârlad as capital.-Geography:Tutova County covered 2,498 km2 and was located in the eastern of Greater Romania, in Moldavia. Currently, the territory that comprised Tutova County is now included at present in...
) - at present Vaslui County
Vaslui County
Vaslui is a county of Romania, in the historical region Moldavia, with the seat at Vaslui.-Demographics:In 2002, it had a population of 455,049 and the population density was 86/km².*Romanians - over 98%*Romas, other-Geography:...
- by George Tutoveanu, Toma Chiricuţă and Tudor Pamfile
Tudor Pamfile
Tudor Pamfile was a Romanian writer.Tudor Pamfile was born on June 11, 1883 in the village of Ţepu in Tecuci County . He attended primary school and the gimnasium in Tecuci, and the transferred to the Military School in Bucharest...
. The scope of the academy, was to hold meetings where literary works were to be presented and discussed, to organize lectures on literary subjects, to publish literary magazines and to promote culture in the rural areas.
Activities of the academy
The meetings of the Academy were organized weekly. During World War IWorld War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, when Wallachia
Wallachia
Wallachia or Walachia is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians...
was occupied by German forces and many intellectuals had fled to Moldavia
Moldavia
Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river...
, a second literary soiree was held on Thursdays, under the chairmanship of Alexandru Vlahuţă
Alexandru Vlahuta
Alexandru Vlahuţă was a Romanian writer. His best known work is România pitorească, an overview of Romania's landscape in the form of a travelogue. He was also the main editor of Sămănătorul magazine, alongside George Coşbuc....
, in the house of professor Eugeniu Bulbuc, where Vlahuţă was temporarily lodged as refugee.
In the 1920s and 1930s the activities of the academy were extended.
The meetings of the academy were attended by intellectuals from Bârlad and from other Romanian cities. Poets such as Vasile Voiculescu
Vasile Voiculescu
Vasile Voiculescu was a Romanian poet, short-story writer, playwright, and physician.-Early life and education:Voiculescu was born in Pârscov, Buzău County, Romania, to a family of wealthy peasants. He attended primary school in Pleşcoi, a village near his home, for a year, after which he was sent...
, Ion Barbu
Ion Barbu
Ion Barbu was a distinguished Romanian mathematician and poet.He was born in Câmpulung-Muscel, Argeş County, the son of Constantin Barbilian and Smaranda, born Şoiculescu. He attended Ion Brătianu High School in Piteşti and Gheorghe Lazăr High School in Bucharest...
and George Bacovia
George Bacovia
George Bacovia was a Romanian symbolist poet. While he initially belonged to the local Symbolist movement, his poetry came to be seen as a precursor of Romanian Modernism and eventually established him in critical esteem alongside Tudor Arghezi, Lucian Blaga and Ion Barbu as one of the most...
read some of their poems at these meetings.
The regular presence Iuliu and Virgil Niţulescu, physicians, G. Alexandrescu, professor at the Gheorghe Lazăr High School in Bucharest, C. Gruia, professor at the Normal School in Ploieşti, M. Rădulescu, professor at the High School in Buzău is to be mentioned. Other persons attending the meeting were Donar Munteanu, Victor Ion Popa
Victor Ion Popa
Victor Ion Popa , in Moldavia, Romania – March 30, 1946 in Bucharest) was a Romanian dramatist.He went to primary school in the village of Călmăţui where his father was a teacher. At Iaşi he finished his first five years of junior high/high school and his last two years of high school at the...
, Vasile Voiculescu
Vasile Voiculescu
Vasile Voiculescu was a Romanian poet, short-story writer, playwright, and physician.-Early life and education:Voiculescu was born in Pârscov, Buzău County, Romania, to a family of wealthy peasants. He attended primary school in Pleşcoi, a village near his home, for a year, after which he was sent...
, Mihai Lungeanu, I.M. Raşcu, Ion Valerian, Petru Cancel, captain Iulian Popovici, captain G. Alexandrescu, Mihai Lupescu, Natalia Paşa, George Pallady, G.M. Vlădescu, George Ponetti, C.R. Crişan, Virgil Duiculescu, Dr. Isac Veinfeld (Ion Palodă) and N. Bogescu. The academy also tried to attract younger intellectuals. The new generation was represented by George Nedelea, Vasile Damaschin, Ştefan Cosma, G.G. Ursu, George Damaschin, Cicerone Mucenic, M. Panaite, Constantin Rânzescu, G. Ioniţă, Paul Viscocil, Emil Tudor, Constantin Dimoftache Zeletin. Less active were other members were Nichifor Crainic
Nichifor Crainic
Nichifor Crainic was a Romanian writer, editor, philosopher, poet and theologian famed for his traditionalist and antisemitic activities...
, Pamfil Şeicaru, Atanasie Mândru, Gheorghe Taşcă
Gheorghe Tasca
Gheorghe Taşcă was a Romanian economist and politician.He was the son of Gheorghe I...
, Ion Buzdugan, V. Savel, Gr. Veja, N.N. Lenguceanu, C. Z. Buzdugan, I. Pajură, N. Lupu, Aurel Balaban, Zoe C. Frasin, Ion Vicol and Marieta Creangă.
Among the lecturers who presented their views to the academy the most important were George Tutoveanu, Victor Ion Popa
Victor Ion Popa
Victor Ion Popa , in Moldavia, Romania – March 30, 1946 in Bucharest) was a Romanian dramatist.He went to primary school in the village of Călmăţui where his father was a teacher. At Iaşi he finished his first five years of junior high/high school and his last two years of high school at the...
, G.G. Ursu, Mircea Pavelescu, George Pallady, Ionel Teodoreanu
Ionel Teodoreanu
Ionel Teodoreanu was a Romanian novelist and lawyer. He is mostly remembered for his books on the themes of childhood and adolescence.-Biography:...
, Anastasie Mândru, Tudor Vianu
Tudor Vianu
Tudor Vianu was a Romanian literary critic, art critic, poet, philosopher, academic, and translator. Known for his left-wing and anti-fascist convictions, he had a major role on the reception and development of Modernism in Romanian literature and art...
and Ioan A. Bassarabescu.
Literary meetings were also organized in other Romanian cities such as Tecuci
Tecuci
Tecuci is a city in the Galaţi county of Romania , situated among wooded hills, on the right bank of the Bârlad River, and at the junction of railways from Galaţi, Bârlad and Mărăşeşti.-History:...
and Bălţi
Balti
Balti can refer to:* Balti language, a language spoken in Baltistan in Pakistan and Ladakh in Kashmir* Balti people, Muslims of Ladakhi/Tibetan origin from Baltistan in Pakistan and Ladakh in Kashmir...
(now in the Republic of Moldova). The academy also organized meetings in rural areas such as the villages of Pochidia (at the estate of Gheorghe Taşcă
Gheorghe Tasca
Gheorghe Taşcă was a Romanian economist and politician.He was the son of Gheorghe I...
), Zorleni, Unţeşti, Gohor, Barcea and Iveşti.
The Academy published the following magazines and newspapers:
- Florile DalbeFlorile DalbeFlorile Dalbe was a semimonthly literary magazine published in Bârlad, Romania by the Academia Bârlădeană". The first issue of the magazine was issued on January 1, 1919 and it appeared regularly until December 15, 1919...
published from January 1 to December 15, 1919, the editorial committee including George Tutoveanu, Vasile VoiculescuVasile VoiculescuVasile Voiculescu was a Romanian poet, short-story writer, playwright, and physician.-Early life and education:Voiculescu was born in Pârscov, Buzău County, Romania, to a family of wealthy peasants. He attended primary school in Pleşcoi, a village near his home, for a year, after which he was sent...
, Tudor PamfileTudor PamfileTudor Pamfile was a Romanian writer.Tudor Pamfile was born on June 11, 1883 in the village of Ţepu in Tecuci County . He attended primary school and the gimnasium in Tecuci, and the transferred to the Military School in Bucharest...
and Mihai Lungeanu. - Graiul NostruGraiul NostruGraiul Nostru was a monthly literary magazine published in Bârlad, Romania by the Academia Bârlădeană".- History :The first issue of the magazine was issued on April 1, 1925 and it appeared for three years, the last number being of July-December 1927....
- published from April 1925 to December 1927. - Scrisul NostruScrisul NostruScrisul Nostru was a monthly literary magazine published in Bârlad, Romania by the Academia Bârlădeană". The first issue of the magazine was issued in January, 1929 and it appeared, with some irregularity, until October 1931, a total of 21 numbers were printed.The editor in chief of the newspaper...
- published from January 1929 to October 1931, sub direcţia lui George Tutoveanu - MoldovaMoldova (newspaper)- History :Though presented as being independent, it was published under the patronage of the "Academia Bârlădeană". The first issue of the newspaper hit the stands on January 2, 1931 and it appeared regularly until December 26, 1931...
- published from January 2, 1931 to June 15, 1932.
The activities of the academy were discontinued at the beginning of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. The academy was disestablished when the Communist Party took power.
Reestablishment of the academy
After the Romanian Revolution of 1989Romanian Revolution of 1989
The Romanian Revolution of 1989 was a series of riots and clashes in December 1989. These were part of the Revolutions of 1989 that occurred in several Warsaw Pact countries...
the Academia Bârlădeană was reestablished. The present honorary chairman is Professor doctor C.D. Zeletin and the acting chairman Professor doctor Mona Elena Diaconu.