In the 1777 English cricket season, James Aylward

James Aylward

James Aylward was a noted English cricketer who played for the Hambledon Club. He was a left-handed batsman....

 made his world record score of 167 that stood until 1820.

Matches

Date	Match Title	Venue	Source	Result
9–10 June (M-Tu)	Chertsey v Coulsdon	Sevenoaks Vine	FL18	Chertsey won by 6 wkts
Chertsey was led by the Earl of Tankerville and Mr Stone; Coulsdon by the Duke of Dorset and Mr (later Sir) Peter Burrell. It seems to have been a grand social occasion that was reported by both the Lloyd’s Evening Post and the St James Chronicle in the next couple of days.
18–20 June (W-F)	All-England v Hampshire	Sevenoaks Vine	SB31	Hampshire won by innings & 168 runs
All-England 166 (J Minshull 60*, T Pattenden 38, J Miller 27; T Brett 5w) & 69 (J Miller 23; T Brett 2w, R Nyren 2w, T Taylor 2w); Hampshire 403 (J Aylward 167, T Sueter 46, R Nyren 37, John Small 33, T Taylor 32, R Francis 26; J Wood 5w, E Stevens 3w, W Bullen 2w) The highlight of this season was unquestionably the major innings of 167 by James Aylward which set a new record for the highest individual score. In a contemporary report, it is stated that: Aylward went in at 5 o’clock on Wednesday afternoon, and was not out till after three on Friday. We do not know the length of the innings in terms of actual minutes or deliveries, but we can conclude that he batted during or through six sessions of play. The team total of 403 was a huge figure at the time; the second highest score in it was 46 by Tom Sueter, while five other batsmen scored 20-plus. Aylward’s innings completely overshadowed a notable effort by John Minshull in the All-England first innings. All-England had made 166 (Minshull 60*; Brett 5w) so Aylward beat their total by one. All-England collapsed in the second innings, probably in shock! Aylward’s record stood until 1820, when it was beaten by William Ward William Ward (cricketer) William Ward was a noted English cricketer. He came from an affluent family which owned property on the Isle of Wight. He was educated at Winchester College, and then received financial training in Antwerp.-Life and career:William Ward was a prominent right-handed batsman and an occasional slow... . Aside from Aylward’s exceptional score, the fascinating thing about this game is the fact that we know who was bowling when the four catches were taken during the Hampshire innings! We even have the first known c & b by John Wood, although we do not know which John Wood was playing. Also of interest is the report in John Nyren’s book that this game was definitely played with three stumps in use. The third stump was originally allowed in 1775, as we have seen, but it is evident that teams did not always take advantage of it and many matches were played until 1780 in which the standard two stumps were used. It seems that the middle stump was universally adopted from 1780.
7–10 July (M-Th)	Hampshire v All-England	Broadhalfpenny Down	SB32	All-England won by 25 runs
All-England 60 (J Minshull 21; T Brett 4w, R Nyren 2w, R Francis 2w) & 207 (J Miller 65, W Yalden 44, F Booker 29, W Bullen 27; John Small 3w, T Brett 2w); Hampshire 194 (R A Veck 54, R Francis 35, E Aburrow 25; T White 2w, Duke of Dorset 2w) & 45 (R Nyren 17; E Stevens 2w) Back to Earth with a bump for Mr Aylward in the return game at Broadhalfpenny Down. He made only 16 and 0 as All-England recovered from a first innings deficit of 134 to win by 25 runs, Hampshire collapsing against Lumpy & Co. to be all out for 45 in the last innings.
16–18 July (W-F)	Duke of Dorset v Sir H Mann ^	Maidstone	KCM	Mann's XI won by 1 wkt
Duke of Dorset’s XI 139 (T Pattenden 40, Rimmington 35; R May 3w) & 159 (Mr R Hosmer 46*, Rimmington 24; W Bullen 3w, R May 2w); Sir Horace Mann’s XI 87 (W Bowra 33; Mills 3w, J Boorman 2w) & 213-9 (W Bowra 67, J Miller 41, F Booker 27, Pennell 26; J Boorman 5w, Mills 2w) The match was played "for 100 guineas". The finish must have been exciting as at least four runs were needed when the last wicket partnership began. Sir Horace’s team had been 52 runs down on first innings. The curiously worded dismissal of knock down wkt which happened twice in the first innings has been taken to mean hit wicket.
22–26 July (Tu-S)	All-England v Hampshire	Laleham Burway	SB33	Hampshire won by 30 runs
Hampshire 115 (Duke of Dorset 37, John Small 28; W Lamborn 3w) & 187 (G Leer 69; E Stevens 2w, J Wood 2w); All-England 143 (Earl of Tankerville 34, W Bowra 29; T Brett 4w, Duke of Dorset 2w) & W Bullen 36, W Yalden 32*; T Brett 4w, R Nyren 2w) Another batting substitution. John Minshull hurt his knee so Henry Attfield batted in the second innings, but he was summarily bowled by Brett for nought. Brett took at least eight wickets as Hampshire won by 30 runs.
28–30 July (M-Tu)	Sir H Mann v Duke of Dorset ^	Old Park, Canterbury	KCM	Mann's XI won by 21 runs
Sir Horace Mann’s XI 116 (W Bullen 50; R Clifford 3w, J Boorman 2w) & 77 (F Booker 22*; J Boorman 3w); Duke of Dorset’s XI 66 (Oakley 3w, F Booker 2w) & 106 (Mr – Stanford 28; W Bullen 3w) The match was "played for 100 guineas". A notice beforehand implored spectators: The company are particularly desired to bring no dogs, as they will be shot. Evidently there had been complaints about dogs running loose on the field in an earlier match at Bourne. Mr Ashley-Cooper commented that "neither Scores and Biographies nor the books by W Epps or Bentley refers in any way whatever to the above match(es) between Kent and Maidstone (sic)". His source was presumably local newspapers or scorebooks.
18–20 August (M-W)	All-England v Hampshire	Guildford Bason	SB34	Hampshire won by 1 wkt
All-England 50 (J Minshull 33*; R Nyren 4w, T Brett 3w) & 249 (J Miller 64, Earl of Tankerville 45, W Yalden 42; N Mann 3w); Hampshire 133 (J Aylward 30; E Stevens 3w) & 167-9 (T Taylor 62, John Small 35; E Stevens 3w) A tense finish at Guildford Bason as Hampshire beat All-England by 1 wicket. Needing 167 in the fourth innings, Hampshire owed much to a fine 62 by Tom Taylor but were still several runs short when the last pair, Sueter and Nyren came together. Sueter ended with 9* and Nyren with 4* to see them home. Incidentally, it is curious that one of these two should have been last man in, though Nyren "the General" was by now approaching the end of his career.
8–10 September (M-W)	Hampshire v All-England	Broadhalfpenny Down	SB35	All-England won by 54 runs
All-England 146 (J Miller 51, W Bullen 46; T Brett 5w, N Mann 2w) & 187 (J Miller 39, J Edmeads 33*, W Bullen 31); Hampshire 117 (J Aylward 29, R Francis 24; W Lamborn 4w, E Stevens 2w) & 162 (J Aylward 47, John Small 30; S Colchin 3w, E Stevens 2w, W Lamborn 2w) This match was obtained from the Hampshire Chronicle, as it was not in the old book of scores published that contained matches from 1772 to 1784.
15–17 September (M-W)	All-England v Hampshire	Artillery Ground	SB36	Hampshire won by 131 runs
Hampshire 187 (J Aylward 56, T Taylor 24; E Stevens 6w) & 212 (R A Veck 79, G Leer 33, J Aylward 28; S Colchin 2w); All-England 151 (S Colchin 27; T Taylor 2w) & 117 (W Bedster 28; R Nyren 2w) Arthur Haygarth obtained the score from the Hampshire Chronicle, which said: "The Hambledon Club, out of 10 great matches they have played this year, have won 7, lost 2, and received forfeit of 1".

^ The Dorset v Mann fixtures of the period were essentially two Kent teams plus given men. Issues are always likely re the status of such games, but a clear majority of the players who took part were well enough known and there can be no doubt that these are major fixtures. Confusion often arises from the titles as the games were variously recorded as Maidstone v Kent or West Kent v East Kent. The Duke of Dorset generally used Sevenoaks in west Kent as his home venue (or Maidstone in the game above); Sir Horace Mann’s seat at Bourne was near Canterbury in east Kent.

First mentions

• Robert Clifford
• Richard Hosmer
  Richard Hosmer
  Richard Hosmer was an English cricketer who played for Kent. He was one of the leading amateur batsmen of his time....
  
  
• Mills
  Mills (Surrey cricketer)
  Mills refers to a noted English cricketer of the mid-18th century who played for the famous Chertsey Cricket Club and for Surrey. He was principally a bowler....
  
  
• William Pattenden
  Thomas Pattenden
  Thomas Pattenden was a noted English cricketer who played for Kent in the 1760s and 1770s...
  
  
• Richard Stanford
  Richard Stanford (cricketer)
  Richard Stanford was an English cricketer who played for Kent. He was one of the leading amateur batsmen of his time....
  
  
• Lamborn
• Noah Mann
  Noah Mann
  Noah Mann was a famous English cricketer who played for the Hambledon Club....
  
  
• William Bedster
  William Bedster
  William Bedster was an English cricketer of the late 18th century. He was a good batsman and a useful bowler....
  
  
• Pennell
  Pennell (Kent cricketer)
  Pennell was an English professional cricketer who made 5 known appearances in major cricket matches from 1777 to 1781.-Career:He was mainly associated with Kent but also represented All-England .-External sources:*...
  
   (Kent)
• Townsend
  Townsend (Kent cricketer)
  Townsend was an English professional cricketer who made 7 known appearances in major cricket matches from 1777 to 1786.-Career:He was mainly associated with Kent but also represented All-England .-External sources:*...
  
   (Kent)

Leading batsmen

Note that many scorecards in the 18th century are unknown or have missing details and so it is impossible to provide a complete analysis of batting performances: e.g., the missing not outs prevent computation of batting averages. The "runs scored" are in fact the runs known.

runs	player
390	James Aylward James Aylward James Aylward was a noted English cricketer who played for the Hambledon Club. He was a left-handed batsman....
366	Joseph Miller
269	William Bullen William Bullen William Bullen was an outstanding English cricketer throughout the last quarter of the 18th century. Hailing from Kent, Bullen was a great all-rounder, noted in the key sources as a fast bowler and a "powerful hitter"....
226	Richard Aubrey Veck Richard Aubrey Veck Richard Aubrey Veck was a famous English cricketer who played for the Hambledon Club....
206	William Bowra William Bowra William Bowra was an English cricketer who played regularly for Kent teams from 1768 until 1788 and then for Sussex until 1792. He had 47 known first-class appearances between 1775 and 1792. His name was pronounced "Borra".In a Hampshire Chronicle report of a 1775 game, his name is spelt "Bower"...
205	Thomas Taylor Thomas Taylor (cricketer) Thomas Taylor was a famous English cricketer who played for the Hambledon Club. He is generally regarded as one of the most outstanding players of the 18th century....
186	John Small
180	Earl of Tankerville Charles Bennet, 4th Earl of Tankerville Charles Bennet, 4th Earl of Tankerville , styled Lord Ossulston from 1753 to 1767, was a British nobleman, a collector of shells and a famous patron of Surrey cricket in the 1770s. He agreed a set of cricket rules that included the first mention of the Leg before wicket rule. His wife, Emma, was...
168	William Yalden William Yalden William "The Yold" Yalden was a noted English cricketer. He was a very good batsman but was primarily known as a wicket-keeper....
155	Tom Sueter Tom Sueter Thomas Sueter was a famous English cricketer who played for the Hambledon Club....
151	George Leer George Leer George Leer was a famous English cricketer who played for Hampshire in the time of the Hambledon Club.Leer began playing in the 1760s...
149	John Minshull John Minshull John Minshull aka Minchin was a famous English cricketer during the 1770s...
144	Richard Nyren Richard Nyren Richard "Dick" Nyren was an English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket during the 1760s and 1770s in the heyday of the Hambledon Club...
135	Richard Francis Richard Francis Richard Francis was a famous English cricketer who played for the Hambledon Club.Francis is known to have been a Surrey man by birth and he had played for Surrey teams before moving to Hampshire...
123	Thomas Pattenden Thomas Pattenden Thomas Pattenden was a noted English cricketer who played for Kent in the 1760s and 1770s...
106	Francis Booker Francis Booker Francis Booker was an English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman who was noted as a fine hitter of the ball and a very good outfielder....
103	John Edmeads John Edmeads John Edmeads was an English cricketer who played for Chertsey Cricket Club, Surrey and All-England....
96	Edward Aburrow

Leading bowlers

Note that the wickets credited to an 18th century bowler were only those where he bowled the batsman out. The bowler was not credited with the wickets of batsmen who were caught out, even if it was "caught and bowled". In addition, the runs conceded by each bowler were not recorded so no analyses or averages can be computed.

wkts	player
29	Thomas Brett Thomas Brett Thomas Brett was one of first-class cricket's earliest well-known fast bowlers and a leading player for Hampshire when its team was organised by the Hambledon Club in the 1770s.-Career:Noted for his pace and his accuracy, Brett was a leading wicket taker in the 1770s and was lauded by John...
27	Edward "Lumpy" Stevens
16	Richard Nyren Richard Nyren Richard "Dick" Nyren was an English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket during the 1760s and 1770s in the heyday of the Hambledon Club...
12	John Boorman John Boorman (cricketer) John Boorman was a famous English cricketer whose career spanned the 1772 season and the 1793 season....
11	William Bullen William Bullen William Bullen was an outstanding English cricketer throughout the last quarter of the 18th century. Hailing from Kent, Bullen was a great all-rounder, noted in the key sources as a fast bowler and a "powerful hitter"....
11	John Wood of Seal John Wood (cricketer) John Wood was an English cricketer who played for Kent. His career began in the 1760s before first-class statistics began to be recorded and his known first-class career spans the 1772 to 1783 seasons....
10	Lamborn
8	Noah Mann Noah Mann Noah Mann was a famous English cricketer who played for the Hambledon Club....

Leading fielders

Note that many scorecards in the 18th century are unknown or have missing details and so the totals are of the known catches and stumpings only. Stumpings were not always recorded as such and sometimes the name of the wicket-keeper was not given. Generally, a catch was given the same status as "bowled" with credit being awarded to the fielder only and not the bowler. There is never a record of "caught and bowled"the bowler would be credited with the catch, not with the wicket.

ct/st	player
11	William Bullen William Bullen William Bullen was an outstanding English cricketer throughout the last quarter of the 18th century. Hailing from Kent, Bullen was a great all-rounder, noted in the key sources as a fast bowler and a "powerful hitter"....
9	John Edmeads John Edmeads John Edmeads was an English cricketer who played for Chertsey Cricket Club, Surrey and All-England....
9	William Yalden William Yalden William "The Yold" Yalden was a noted English cricketer. He was a very good batsman but was primarily known as a wicket-keeper....
8	Richard Francis Richard Francis Richard Francis was a famous English cricketer who played for the Hambledon Club.Francis is known to have been a Surrey man by birth and he had played for Surrey teams before moving to Hampshire...
7	Earl of Tankerville Charles Bennet, 4th Earl of Tankerville Charles Bennet, 4th Earl of Tankerville , styled Lord Ossulston from 1753 to 1767, was a British nobleman, a collector of shells and a famous patron of Surrey cricket in the 1770s. He agreed a set of cricket rules that included the first mention of the Leg before wicket rule. His wife, Emma, was...
6	John Wood of Seal John Wood (cricketer) John Wood was an English cricketer who played for Kent. His career began in the 1760s before first-class statistics began to be recorded and his known first-class career spans the 1772 to 1783 seasons....

External links

• From Lads to Lord's; The History of Cricket: 1300 – 1787