.470 Capstick
Encyclopedia
The .470 Capstick is a rifle
cartridge
created by Col. Arthur B Alphin from A-Square
in 1990, named after writer and hunter Peter Hathaway Capstick
. It is based on a .375 H&H Magnum
case blown out and necked to accept a .475 inch (12 mm) bullet
. With 500 grain (32 g) bullets, it can achieve 2400 feet per second (730 m/s) muzzle velocity
from a 26" barrel.
) and is designed for use on dangerous game out to 200 yards (182.9 m). Like other large cartridges, the high energy performance is accompanied by a large amount of recoil
.
The Capstick is very similar in dimension to the .470 Ackley, but where the Ackley uses a 600 gr bullet, the Capstick uses a lighter 500 gr bullet for a better trajectory.
The 470 Capstick will fit in the same length action as the .375 H&H Magnum
and .458 Lott
. Actually the .458 Lott is a good measuring stick for the 470 Capstick. The Capstick has a bullet that has 7% more cross sectional area than the .458 Lott
, which, in theory, would result in more shock transfer to game and a larger wound channel.. As for powder capacity and velocity, they are similar, with the 470 Capstick having a slight edge in powder capacity and therefore a slight edge in theoretical velocity. However, for field use the 470 Capstick and .458 Lott
should have identical performance because the differences between them are rather small.
That being said, the differences in field results between the .458 Winchester Magnum
and the .470 Nitro Express
should be nonexistent, because both push a 500 gr bullet at 2150 ft/s (655.3 m/s) But some people have noted an observable difference in the way shot game behaves with those two cartridges, possibly due to the greater cross sectional area of the .474” bullet. If desired, the 470 Capstick can be used to create a ballistic twin to the .470 Nitro Express
, pushing a 500 gr bullet at 2150 ft/s (655.3 m/s) while generating low pressure.
For those who remember the .475 Ackley, it is similar to the 470 Capstick, except that the Capstick has a ghost shoulder which allows the cartridge to achieve excellent accuracy. Use of a ghost shoulder, rather than a continuous taper on the case wall, helps the cartridge to line up concentrically with the bore axis, contributing to accuracy.
Although it is possible to use 600 gr bullets in the 470 Capstick cartridge, the powder capacity is not sufficient to push 600 gr at anything near 2300 ft/s (701 m/s) without high pressure, so this is not the best bullet weight for the Capstick. 500 gr bullets seem to be the best all-around compromise. With full power loads, recoil is significant but not difficult to control or become accustomed to. Recoil from the cast lead bullet load shown below is almost nonexistent. For plinking or light game hunting, 400 gr pistol bullets are a candidate, but they generate almost as much recoil as 500 gr bullets. The advantage of 400 gr bullets is that they are inexpensive and will open up quickly on light game. In my rifle they also tend to hit at least 6 inches (152.4 mm) higher than the 500 gr bullets, creating an inconvenience for the hunter who wishes to use both bullets on the same hunting excursion.
is a suitable candidate.
The easiest conversion is a CZ550 that came from the factory in .375 H&H Magnum
, .458 Winchester Magnum
or .458 Lott
. All that has to be done is to replace the barrel with another in 470 Capstick. Barrels are available from Lothar-Walther and Pac-Nor. A 2nd recoil lug must be added to the underside of the barrel and inletted into the forearm of the stock. The 2nd recoil lug will spread recoil that the stock is exposed to, across a wider surface area to avoid splitting the stock. Glass or steel bedding is recommended. Some minor polishing or adjusting of the ramp and rails may be needed, and then the rifle is ready to shoot. The advantage of the CZ550 conversion is that they typically hold 5 rounds in the magazine box plus one in the chamber, and very little work is usually needed to get them to feed.
A Winchester Model 70 Classic (claw extractor) can also easily be converted to 470 Capstick. In addition to the steps above, the magazine box spring must also be replaced with one that has a traditional Z-shape instead of the curly-Q style that the factory provides. The Winchester conversion may only hold 2 cartridges in the magazine box, unless you purchase an extra deep magazine box and bottom metal from Sunny Hill, Williams Firearms, Jim Wisner or Ted Blackburn. Use of an extra deep magazine box necessitates replacement of the stock with another stock having greater depth of wood. Alternatively, it may be possible to fit 3 rounds in a model 70 conversion with the factory magazine box if the follower is replaced with one having a lower profile, or if the follower is milled to shorten it.
Another option is to rebuild a surplus military Mauser 98 action to be a 470 Capstick dangerous game rifle. This is a very involved project and includes replacing the magazine box/bottom metal, spring and follower and opening up the receiver to match it. Further, some machining of the new magazine box may be needed, since no one makes a magazine box expressly intended to hold 4 rounds of 470 Capstick. Proper feeding is not easy to accomplish and requires a big bore expert.
The stepped feed rails plus a modified feed ramp, achieve smooth feeding of flat nosed solid bullets in this rifle. Any of these routes can result in a very functional and very accurate dangerous game rifle. Frankly speaking, there are not a lot of gunsmiths who know how to get a big bore to feed properly, making the CZ550 conversion very attractive because there is so little to do.
Another consideration in choosing a bullet for hunting is the velocity window of the bullet. For example, the 500 gr Woodleigh soft point is designed to expand at .470 Nitro Express
velocities (2150 f.ps.), and if pushed to the 2400 ft/s (731.5 m/s) potential of the 470 Capstick, the Woodleigh will tend to expand very quickly and sacrifice penetration. The Woodleigh soft nose was designed to expand at the lower velocities of the .470 Nitro Express
, and the fact that it held together at all in the 470 Capstick is testimony to the Woodleigh’s toughness. Penetration was just over 3 foot (0.9144 m).
Rifle
A rifle is a firearm designed to be fired from the shoulder, with a barrel that has a helical groove or pattern of grooves cut into the barrel walls. The raised areas of the rifling are called "lands," which make contact with the projectile , imparting spin around an axis corresponding to the...
cartridge
Cartridge (firearms)
A cartridge, also called a round, packages the bullet, gunpowder and primer into a single metallic case precisely made to fit the firing chamber of a firearm. The primer is a small charge of impact-sensitive chemical that may be located at the center of the case head or at its rim . Electrically...
created by Col. Arthur B Alphin from A-Square
A-Square
A-SQUARE COMPANY, LLC is a manufacturer of rifles, ammunition and bullets based in Chamberlain, South Dakota in the United States. The company is one of 19 that are members of the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturer's Institution. The company's focus is on its firearms for hunting large...
in 1990, named after writer and hunter Peter Hathaway Capstick
Peter Hathaway Capstick
Peter Hathaway Capstick was an American hunter and author. Born in New Jersey and educated at the University of Virginia, he walked away from a successful Wall Street career shortly before his thirtieth birthday to become a professional hunter, first in Central and South America and later in...
. It is based on a .375 H&H Magnum
.375 H&H Magnum
The .375 Holland & Holland Magnum is a powerful rifle round and one of the best-known and most popular medium-bore cartridges in the world. The .375 H&H was only the second cartridge ever to feature a belt, now common among magnum rounds. A popular misconception is that the belt is for headspace,...
case blown out and necked to accept a .475 inch (12 mm) bullet
Bullet
A bullet is a projectile propelled by a firearm, sling, or air gun. Bullets do not normally contain explosives, but damage the intended target by impact and penetration...
. With 500 grain (32 g) bullets, it can achieve 2400 feet per second (730 m/s) muzzle velocity
Muzzle velocity
Muzzle velocity is the speed a projectile has at the moment it leaves the muzzle of the gun. Muzzle velocities range from approximately to in black powder muskets , to more than in modern rifles with high-performance cartridges such as the .220 Swift and .204 Ruger, all the way to for tank guns...
from a 26" barrel.
Overview
Although it is not very flat shooting because of slow velocities, it is flat enough for use out to 250 yards (230 m). It transmits an extreme amount of power at over 6,000 ft·lbf (8,000 JJoule
The joule ; symbol J) is a derived unit of energy or work in the International System of Units. It is equal to the energy expended in applying a force of one newton through a distance of one metre , or in passing an electric current of one ampere through a resistance of one ohm for one second...
) and is designed for use on dangerous game out to 200 yards (182.9 m). Like other large cartridges, the high energy performance is accompanied by a large amount of recoil
Recoil
Recoil is the backward momentum of a gun when it is discharged. In technical terms, the recoil caused by the gun exactly balances the forward momentum of the projectile and exhaust gasses, according to Newton's third law...
.
The Capstick is very similar in dimension to the .470 Ackley, but where the Ackley uses a 600 gr bullet, the Capstick uses a lighter 500 gr bullet for a better trajectory.
The Cartridge
The 470 Capstick is a belted magnum with the same rim and belt size as a .375 H&H. The case has a length of 2.8 inches (71.1 mm), and the overall cartridge length is 3.65 inches (92.7 mm). A cartridge drawing is shown below for dimensions.The 470 Capstick will fit in the same length action as the .375 H&H Magnum
.375 H&H Magnum
The .375 Holland & Holland Magnum is a powerful rifle round and one of the best-known and most popular medium-bore cartridges in the world. The .375 H&H was only the second cartridge ever to feature a belt, now common among magnum rounds. A popular misconception is that the belt is for headspace,...
and .458 Lott
.458 Lott
The .458 Lott is a .458 caliber belted hunting cartridge designed as a replacement for the less powerful .458 Winchester Magnum. It is based on the full length .375 H&H Magnum blown out and shortened to...
. Actually the .458 Lott is a good measuring stick for the 470 Capstick. The Capstick has a bullet that has 7% more cross sectional area than the .458 Lott
.458 Lott
The .458 Lott is a .458 caliber belted hunting cartridge designed as a replacement for the less powerful .458 Winchester Magnum. It is based on the full length .375 H&H Magnum blown out and shortened to...
, which, in theory, would result in more shock transfer to game and a larger wound channel.. As for powder capacity and velocity, they are similar, with the 470 Capstick having a slight edge in powder capacity and therefore a slight edge in theoretical velocity. However, for field use the 470 Capstick and .458 Lott
.458 Lott
The .458 Lott is a .458 caliber belted hunting cartridge designed as a replacement for the less powerful .458 Winchester Magnum. It is based on the full length .375 H&H Magnum blown out and shortened to...
should have identical performance because the differences between them are rather small.
That being said, the differences in field results between the .458 Winchester Magnum
.458 Winchester Magnum
The .458 Winchester Magnum is a belted, straight-taper cased, dangerous game rifle cartridge. It was introduced commercially in 1956 by Winchester and first chambered in the Winchester Model 70 African rifle. It was designed to compete against the .450 Nitro Express and the .470 Nitro Express...
and the .470 Nitro Express
.470 Nitro Express
The .470 Nitro Express is a cartridge developed in England for very large or dangerous game hunting. This cartridge is used almost exclusively in single shot and double express rifles for hunting in the tropics or hot climate...
should be nonexistent, because both push a 500 gr bullet at 2150 ft/s (655.3 m/s) But some people have noted an observable difference in the way shot game behaves with those two cartridges, possibly due to the greater cross sectional area of the .474” bullet. If desired, the 470 Capstick can be used to create a ballistic twin to the .470 Nitro Express
.470 Nitro Express
The .470 Nitro Express is a cartridge developed in England for very large or dangerous game hunting. This cartridge is used almost exclusively in single shot and double express rifles for hunting in the tropics or hot climate...
, pushing a 500 gr bullet at 2150 ft/s (655.3 m/s) while generating low pressure.
For those who remember the .475 Ackley, it is similar to the 470 Capstick, except that the Capstick has a ghost shoulder which allows the cartridge to achieve excellent accuracy. Use of a ghost shoulder, rather than a continuous taper on the case wall, helps the cartridge to line up concentrically with the bore axis, contributing to accuracy.
Although it is possible to use 600 gr bullets in the 470 Capstick cartridge, the powder capacity is not sufficient to push 600 gr at anything near 2300 ft/s (701 m/s) without high pressure, so this is not the best bullet weight for the Capstick. 500 gr bullets seem to be the best all-around compromise. With full power loads, recoil is significant but not difficult to control or become accustomed to. Recoil from the cast lead bullet load shown below is almost nonexistent. For plinking or light game hunting, 400 gr pistol bullets are a candidate, but they generate almost as much recoil as 500 gr bullets. The advantage of 400 gr bullets is that they are inexpensive and will open up quickly on light game. In my rifle they also tend to hit at least 6 inches (152.4 mm) higher than the 500 gr bullets, creating an inconvenience for the hunter who wishes to use both bullets on the same hunting excursion.
The Rifles
Currently factory rifles in 470 Capstick are available from A-Square, from the Winchester Custom Shop and from Fuchs Fine Guns. However, that short list should not disappoint the reader because there are many options for building a nice custom rifle in .470 Capstick. Any action that can handle the .375 H&H Magnum.375 H&H Magnum
The .375 Holland & Holland Magnum is a powerful rifle round and one of the best-known and most popular medium-bore cartridges in the world. The .375 H&H was only the second cartridge ever to feature a belt, now common among magnum rounds. A popular misconception is that the belt is for headspace,...
is a suitable candidate.
The easiest conversion is a CZ550 that came from the factory in .375 H&H Magnum
.375 H&H Magnum
The .375 Holland & Holland Magnum is a powerful rifle round and one of the best-known and most popular medium-bore cartridges in the world. The .375 H&H was only the second cartridge ever to feature a belt, now common among magnum rounds. A popular misconception is that the belt is for headspace,...
, .458 Winchester Magnum
.458 Winchester Magnum
The .458 Winchester Magnum is a belted, straight-taper cased, dangerous game rifle cartridge. It was introduced commercially in 1956 by Winchester and first chambered in the Winchester Model 70 African rifle. It was designed to compete against the .450 Nitro Express and the .470 Nitro Express...
or .458 Lott
.458 Lott
The .458 Lott is a .458 caliber belted hunting cartridge designed as a replacement for the less powerful .458 Winchester Magnum. It is based on the full length .375 H&H Magnum blown out and shortened to...
. All that has to be done is to replace the barrel with another in 470 Capstick. Barrels are available from Lothar-Walther and Pac-Nor. A 2nd recoil lug must be added to the underside of the barrel and inletted into the forearm of the stock. The 2nd recoil lug will spread recoil that the stock is exposed to, across a wider surface area to avoid splitting the stock. Glass or steel bedding is recommended. Some minor polishing or adjusting of the ramp and rails may be needed, and then the rifle is ready to shoot. The advantage of the CZ550 conversion is that they typically hold 5 rounds in the magazine box plus one in the chamber, and very little work is usually needed to get them to feed.
A Winchester Model 70 Classic (claw extractor) can also easily be converted to 470 Capstick. In addition to the steps above, the magazine box spring must also be replaced with one that has a traditional Z-shape instead of the curly-Q style that the factory provides. The Winchester conversion may only hold 2 cartridges in the magazine box, unless you purchase an extra deep magazine box and bottom metal from Sunny Hill, Williams Firearms, Jim Wisner or Ted Blackburn. Use of an extra deep magazine box necessitates replacement of the stock with another stock having greater depth of wood. Alternatively, it may be possible to fit 3 rounds in a model 70 conversion with the factory magazine box if the follower is replaced with one having a lower profile, or if the follower is milled to shorten it.
Another option is to rebuild a surplus military Mauser 98 action to be a 470 Capstick dangerous game rifle. This is a very involved project and includes replacing the magazine box/bottom metal, spring and follower and opening up the receiver to match it. Further, some machining of the new magazine box may be needed, since no one makes a magazine box expressly intended to hold 4 rounds of 470 Capstick. Proper feeding is not easy to accomplish and requires a big bore expert.
The stepped feed rails plus a modified feed ramp, achieve smooth feeding of flat nosed solid bullets in this rifle. Any of these routes can result in a very functional and very accurate dangerous game rifle. Frankly speaking, there are not a lot of gunsmiths who know how to get a big bore to feed properly, making the CZ550 conversion very attractive because there is so little to do.
In the field
The 470 Capstick is designed for use as a dangerous game cartridge but it has proven very useful on light game as well. The key is to select a bullet suitable for the game. If a bullet designed for use on cape buffalo is used on whitetails, it undoubtedly will not expand. For light game, Hawk bullets which expand quickly or 400 gr pistol bullets may be best. When the 470 Capstick is loaded with a 500 gr bullet to a muzzle velocity of 2300 ft/s (701 m/s) and sighted in 3 inches (76.2 mm) high at 100 yards (91.4 m), it is only about a foot low at 300 yards (274.3 m), giving it more effective range than many cartridges which are popular for deer and elk hunting. I have lobbed 470 Capstick bullets into game at that range, so it cannot be too difficult.Another consideration in choosing a bullet for hunting is the velocity window of the bullet. For example, the 500 gr Woodleigh soft point is designed to expand at .470 Nitro Express
.470 Nitro Express
The .470 Nitro Express is a cartridge developed in England for very large or dangerous game hunting. This cartridge is used almost exclusively in single shot and double express rifles for hunting in the tropics or hot climate...
velocities (2150 f.ps.), and if pushed to the 2400 ft/s (731.5 m/s) potential of the 470 Capstick, the Woodleigh will tend to expand very quickly and sacrifice penetration. The Woodleigh soft nose was designed to expand at the lower velocities of the .470 Nitro Express
.470 Nitro Express
The .470 Nitro Express is a cartridge developed in England for very large or dangerous game hunting. This cartridge is used almost exclusively in single shot and double express rifles for hunting in the tropics or hot climate...
, and the fact that it held together at all in the 470 Capstick is testimony to the Woodleigh’s toughness. Penetration was just over 3 foot (0.9144 m).