Érd
Encyclopedia
Érd (ˈeːrd; German
: Hanselbeck, Croatian
: Andzabeg) is city and urban county
in Pest county, Budapest metropolitan area
, Hungary.
Érd itself was first mentioned in documents in 1243. The name comes either from the word erdő ("forest") or from ér ("stream").
During the Ottoman occupation of Hungary
Érd was captured by the Turks in 1543, after the castle of Székesfehérvár
fell. The Turks built a motte
castle and a djami (mosque
) here. In these times the place was called Hamzsabég (Hamzabey). In 1684 the army led by Charles V, Duke of Lorraine
defeated the Turks near Érd.
In 1776 Érd became an oppidum (town). It is possible that it already had been oppidum before the Ottoman occupation. In the early 20th century Érd became the property of the Károlyi family. The town grew, but remained mainly an agricultural town until 1972, when several new facilities were built and the touristic value of Érd grew.
Érd was the fastest-growing locality in Hungary between the 1991 and 2001 censuses (up 30.6%). On November 7, 2005 the Parliament decided that Érd will be granted the rank of city with county rights from the date of the next council election in autumn 2006.
In the city there are five railway stations (Érd, Érd alsó, Érd felső, Tétényliget, Érdliget). Passengers can travel to Budapest, Pécs, Nagykanizsa, etc.
Population by denominations:
with:
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
: Hanselbeck, Croatian
Croatian language
Croatian is the collective name for the standard language and dialects spoken by Croats, principally in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Serbian province of Vojvodina and other neighbouring countries...
: Andzabeg) is city and urban county
Counties of Hungary
Hungary is subdivided administratively into 20 regions which are the 19 counties and the capital city : Budapest...
in Pest county, Budapest metropolitan area
Budapest metropolitan area
The Budapest Metropolitan Area is a metropolitan area in Central Hungary. It consists of Budapest capital and the surrounding suburbs. It has a population of 2.525 million...
, Hungary.
History
The area has been inhabited since ancient times. Archaeological findings indicate that prehistoric men lived here 50,000 years ago.Érd itself was first mentioned in documents in 1243. The name comes either from the word erdő ("forest") or from ér ("stream").
During the Ottoman occupation of Hungary
Ottoman wars in Europe
The wars of the Ottoman Empire in Europe are also sometimes referred to as the Ottoman Wars or as Turkish Wars, particularly in older, European texts.- Rise :...
Érd was captured by the Turks in 1543, after the castle of Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár is a city in central Hungary and is the 9th largest in the country. Located around southwest of Budapest. It is inhabited by 101,973 people , with 136,995 in the Székesfehérvár Subregion. The city is the centre of Fejér county and the regional centre of Central Transdanubia...
fell. The Turks built a motte
Motte-and-bailey
A motte-and-bailey is a form of castle, with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised earthwork called a motte, accompanied by an enclosed courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade...
castle and a djami (mosque
Mosque
A mosque is a place of worship for followers of Islam. The word is likely to have entered the English language through French , from Portuguese , from Spanish , and from Berber , ultimately originating in — . The Arabic word masjid literally means a place of prostration...
) here. In these times the place was called Hamzsabég (Hamzabey). In 1684 the army led by Charles V, Duke of Lorraine
Charles V, Duke of Lorraine
Charles V , Karl V. Leopold, , son of Nicolas François, Duke of Lorraine, and Claude Françoise de Lorraine. Karl Leopold was born in Vienna and became the brother in law of Emperor Leopold and son in law of emperor Ferdinand III...
defeated the Turks near Érd.
In 1776 Érd became an oppidum (town). It is possible that it already had been oppidum before the Ottoman occupation. In the early 20th century Érd became the property of the Károlyi family. The town grew, but remained mainly an agricultural town until 1972, when several new facilities were built and the touristic value of Érd grew.
Érd was the fastest-growing locality in Hungary between the 1991 and 2001 censuses (up 30.6%). On November 7, 2005 the Parliament decided that Érd will be granted the rank of city with county rights from the date of the next council election in autumn 2006.
Transport
The mass transit are operated by Volánbusz, with 5 bus lines. A lots of buses depart to nearby cities, such as Sóskút, Pusztazámor, Százhalombatta and also Budapest.In the city there are five railway stations (Érd, Érd alsó, Érd felső, Tétényliget, Érdliget). Passengers can travel to Budapest, Pécs, Nagykanizsa, etc.
Tourist sights
- Hungarian Geographical Museum, founded by geographer Dénes Balázs
- Saint Michael Church
- Turkish minaretMinaretA minaret مناره , sometimes مئذنه) is a distinctive architectural feature of Islamic mosques, generally a tall spire with an onion-shaped or conical crown, usually either free standing or taller than any associated support structure. The basic form of a minaret includes a base, shaft, and gallery....
(17th century; one of only three existing minarets of the country) - Remains of ancient RomanAncient RomeAncient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
road - Fundoklia Valley with rare plant species
Demographics
Population by nationalities:- Magyars - 93.4%
- Roma - 1%
- GermansDanube SwabiansThe Danube Swabians is a collective term for the German-speaking population who lived in the former Kingdom of Hungary, especially alongside the Danube River valley. Because of different developments within the territory settled, the Danube Swabians cannot be seen as a unified people...
- 0.6% - Others - 0.8%
- No answer, unknown - 4.2%
Population by denominations:
- Roman Catholic - 49.2%
- Calvinist - 14.2%
- Greek Catholic - 2.2%
- Lutheran - 1.8%
- Others (ChristianChristianA Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...
) - 1.5% - Others (non-Christian) - 0.2%
- Atheist - 16.5%
- No answer, unknown - 14.3%
Twin towns — Sister cities
Érd is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with:
| City | Country |
|---|---|
| Poynton Poynton Poynton is a town within the civil parish of Poynton-with-Worth, and the unitary authority area of Cheshire East, England. For ceremonial purposes it is part of the county of Cheshire. Poynton is located at the eastern most fringe of the Cheshire Plain, north of Macclesfield, south of Stockport... |
United Kingdom |
| Reghin |  Romania |
| Lubaczów Lubaczów Lubaczów is a town in southeastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine, with 12,405 inhabitants .Situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship , it is the capital of Lubaczów County and is located 50 kilometers northeast of Przemyśl.... |
 Poland |
| Suzhou Suzhou Suzhou , previously transliterated as Su-chou, Suchow, and Soochow, is a major city located in the southeast of Jiangsu Province in Eastern China, located adjacent to Shanghai Municipality. The city is situated on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and on the shores of Taihu Lake and is a part... |
 China |
External links
- Official site (Hungarian only)
- Aerial photography: Érd