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Tjaru was an ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
ian fortress on the Way of Horus, the major road leading out of Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
 into Canaan
Canaan

Canaan is an ancient term for a region encompassing modern-day Israel and Lebanon, the Palestinian Territories, plus adjoining coastal lands and parts of Jordan, Syria and northeastern Egypt....
. It also appeared, though much less commonly, under the names Zaru, Tharu and Djaru, and was known to the Greeks as Zele or Sile. It has been suggested that its remains form the Tell el Habua near Kantara.

The Horus of Mesen was worshipped at Tjaru in the form of a lion, and because of its close theological connections to Edfu, it is sometimes referred to as the Edfu of Lower Egypt.

Tjaru, being a frontier town in an inhospitable desert region, was a place of banishment for criminals.






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Tjaru was an ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
ian fortress on the Way of Horus, the major road leading out of Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
 into Canaan
Canaan

Canaan is an ancient term for a region encompassing modern-day Israel and Lebanon, the Palestinian Territories, plus adjoining coastal lands and parts of Jordan, Syria and northeastern Egypt....
. It also appeared, though much less commonly, under the names Zaru, Tharu and Djaru, and was known to the Greeks as Zele or Sile. It has been suggested that its remains form the Tell el Habua near Kantara.

The Horus of Mesen was worshipped at Tjaru in the form of a lion, and because of its close theological connections to Edfu, it is sometimes referred to as the Edfu of Lower Egypt.

Tjaru, being a frontier town in an inhospitable desert region, was a place of banishment for criminals. Horemheb
Horemheb

Horemheb was the last Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt from 1319 BC to late 1292 BC, although he was not related to the preceding royal family and is believed to have been of common birth....
 in his Great Edict threatens as punishment for various crimes by officials disfigurement and banishment to Tjaru.

Tjaru: as Amarna letters
Amarna letters

The Amarna letters are an archive of correspondence on clay tablets, mostly diplomatic, between the Ancient Egypt administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru during the New Kingdom....
  'Silu', 1350 BC

Silu is referenced twice in one letter of the 382–Amarna letters
Amarna letters

The Amarna letters are an archive of correspondence on clay tablets, mostly diplomatic, between the Ancient Egypt administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru during the New Kingdom....
 correspondence
Text corpus

In linguistics, a corpus or text corpus is a large and structured set of texts . They are used to do statistical analysis and hypothesis testing, checking occurrences or validating linguistic rules on a specific universe....
 of 1350-1335 BC. The letter refers to Turbazu, the presumed 'mayor'/ruler of Silu, who is "..slain in the city gate
City Gate

Moshe Aviv Tower , is a skyscraper located in the demarcated area of the Diamond Exchange District on Jabotinsky Road in northern Ramat Gan, Israel....
 of Silu." Two other mayors are also slain at the city gate of Silu. Turbazu's death is also reported in one additional letter of the Amarna letters, EA 335, (EA for 'el Amarna
Amarna

The site of Amarna is located on the east bank of the Nile River in the modern Egyptian province of Minya Governorate, some 58 km south of the city of al-Minya, 312 km south of the Egyptian capital Cairo and 402 km north of Luxor....
').

Part of EA 288, letter of Abdi-Heba
Abdi-Heba

Abdi-Heba was king of Jerusalem during the Amarna period . Abdi-Heba's name can be translated as "servant of Hebat", a Hurrian goddess. Some scholars believe the correct reading is Ebed-Nob....
 of Jerusalem
Jerusalem

Jerusalem is the capital of Israel and its List of Israeli cities in both population and area, with a population of 747,600 residents over an area of if Positions on Jerusalem East Jerusalem is included....

Abdi-Heba's letters, to the Egyptian
Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
 pharaoh
Pharaoh

Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
, are of moderate length, and topically discuss the intrigues of the cities, that are adjacent to Jerusalem.

A section of letter 288, title: "Benign neglect", (starting at line 17):

"[...]
".... I gave over [to his char]ge 10 slaves, Šuta
Šuta

?uta, , was an Ancient Egypt commissioner of the 1350 BC-1335 BC Amarna letters Text corpus. The name ?uta is a hypocoristicon- for the Ancient Egyptian god Seth, ....
, the commissioner
Commissioner

Commissioner is in principal the title given to the holder of a commission, in the sense of a mandate, whether individually or shared, notably as member of a collegial commission....
 of the king, ca[me t]o me; I gave over to Šuta's charge 21 girls, [8]0 prisoners, as a gift
Greeting-gift (Šulmani)

The Greeting-gift were Gifts, or presents exchanged between Kings, and rulers of the 1350 BC-1335 BC Amarna letters Text corpus. They are notable in the 382–letter Text corpus for the variety of the gifts, as well as the involvement of the individuals exchanging the gifts, ....
 for the king, my lord. May the king give thought to his land; the land of the king is lost. All of it has attacked me. I am at war as far as the land of Šeru and as far as Ginti-kirmil. All the mayors are at peace, but I am at war. I am treated like an 'Apiru
Habiru

Habiru or Apiru or pr.w was the name given by various Sumerian, History of Ancient Egypt, Akkadian, Hittites, Mitanni, and Ugaritic sources to a group of people living as nomadic invaders in areas of the Fertile Crescent from Northeastern Mesopotamia and Iran to the borders of Egypt in Canaan Depending on the source and epoch,...
, and I do not visit the king, my lord, since I am at war. I am situated like a ship
Ship

A ship is a large watercraft that floats on water. Ships are generally distinguished from boats based on size. Ships may be found on lakes, seas, and rivers and they allow for a variety of activities, such as the ferry or cargo ships, fishing, cruise ship, Coast guard, and warship....
 in the midst of the sea. The strong hand (arm) of the king took the land of Nahrima-(Mittani), and the land of Kasi, but now the 'Apiru have taken the very cities of the king. Not a single mayor remains to the king, my lord; all are lost. Behold, Turbazu was slain in the city gate
City Gate

Moshe Aviv Tower , is a skyscraper located in the demarcated area of the Diamond Exchange District on Jabotinsky Road in northern Ramat Gan, Israel....
 of Silu-(Tjaru). The king did nothing. Behold, servants who were joined to the 'Api[r]u smote Zimredda of Lakisu
Lachish

Lachish was a town located in the Shephelah, or maritime plain of Philistia . This town was first mentioned in the Amarna letters as Lakisha-Laki?a ....
, and Yaptih-Hadda was slain in the city gate of Silu. The king did nothing. [Wh]y has he not called them to account? May the king [pro]vide for [his land] and may he [se]e to it tha[t] archers
Archers (Egyptian pítati)

The Archers , or P?tati, or P?tati–army–forces-, were the pharaoh's Archer-Army often requested and dispatched, to support the Ancient Egypt vassalage in Canaan, or northern Canaan....
 [come ou]t to h[is] land. If there are no archers this year, all the lands of the king, my lord, are lost."
"...." -end of line 53 (lines 54-66(End), omitted)


See also

  • Abdi-Heba
    Abdi-Heba

    Abdi-Heba was king of Jerusalem during the Amarna period . Abdi-Heba's name can be translated as "servant of Hebat", a Hurrian goddess. Some scholars believe the correct reading is Ebed-Nob....
  • Amarna letters
    Amarna letters

    The Amarna letters are an archive of correspondence on clay tablets, mostly diplomatic, between the Ancient Egypt administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru during the New Kingdom....
  • Way of Horus


Footnotes