See Also

Youngstown, Ohio

Youngstown is a city located in Mahoning County Mahoning County, Ohio

Mahoning County is a county [i] located in the state [i] of Ohio [i]. ... 

, Ohio Ohio

Ohio is a Midwestern [i] state [i] of the United States [i]. ... 

, 65 miles southeast of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio

For the Cleveland area, see Greater Cleveland [i]. ... 

 and approximately 62 miles northwest of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Pittsburgh is the second largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania [i] in the United States [i] ... 

. The city is situated on the Mahoning River. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 82,026. By 2004, the population was estimated to have declined to 77,713. Youngstown is located inand heavily affected bythe forces which produced the Rust Belt Rust Belt

The Rust Belt, a term coined from the Manufacturing Belt, is an area in the northeastern United States [i] ... 

 region of the United States. The Youngstown-Warren Warren, Ohio

Warren is a city in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

 Metropolitan Statistical Area United States metropolitan area

In the United States [i], the Office of Management and Budget [i] has produced a formal definition of metropolitan area [i] ... 

  contains roughly 600,000 people and includes Mahoning Mahoning County, Ohio

Mahoning County is a county [i] located in the state [i] of Ohio [i]. ... 

 and Trumbull Trumbull County, Ohio

Trumbull County is a county [i] located in the state [i] of Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

 counties in Ohio, plus Mercer County Mercer County, Pennsylvania

Mercer County is a county [i] located in the U.S. state [i] of Pennsylvania [i]. ... 

 in Pennsylvania.

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Encyclopedia

Youngstown is a city located in Mahoning County Mahoning County, Ohio

Mahoning County is a county [i] located in the state [i] of Ohio [i]. ... 

, Ohio Ohio

Ohio is a Midwestern [i] state [i] of the United States [i].... 

, 65 miles southeast of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio

For the Cleveland area, see Greater Cleveland [i].
... 

 and approximately 62 miles northwest of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Pittsburgh is the second largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania [i] in the United States [i] ... 

. The city is situated on the Mahoning River.

As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 82,026. By 2004, the population was estimated to have declined to 77,713. Youngstown is located in–and heavily affected by–the forces which produced the Rust Belt Rust Belt

The Rust Belt, a term coined from the Manufacturing Belt, is an area in the northeastern United States [i] ... 

 region of the United States.

The Youngstown-Warren Warren, Ohio

Warren is a city in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

 Metropolitan Statistical Area United States metropolitan area

In the United States [i], the Office of Management and Budget [i] has produced a formal definition of metropolitan area [i] ... 

  contains roughly 600,000 people and includes Mahoning Mahoning County, Ohio

Mahoning County is a county [i] located in the state [i] of Ohio [i]. ... 

 and Trumbull Trumbull County, Ohio

Trumbull County is a county [i] located in the state [i] of Ohio [i], United States [i].... 

 counties in Ohio, plus Mercer County Mercer County, Pennsylvania

Mercer County is a county [i] located in the U.S. state [i] of Pennsylvania [i]. ... 

 in Pennsylvania. The Steel Valley Area as a whole comprises almost 720,000 residents. Youngstown is the county seat of Mahoning County. The city is just 10 miles west of the Pennsylvania state line and is centrally located between New York City New York City

[i] in the [[United States]... 

 and Chicago Chicago

Chicago is the largest city [i] in the U.S. state [i] of Illinois [i], as well as the third-most populous [i] ... 

.

Geography


Youngstown is located at 41°5'47" North, 80°38'57" West . It borders or touches the following other townships and municipalities:
  • Boardman Township Boardman Township, Mahoning County, Ohio

    Boardman is a suburban township located in Mahoning County, Ohio [i], United States [i], just south of Youngstown [i] ... 

     on the south
  • Canfield Township Canfield, Ohio

    Canfield is a city and township located in Mahoning County [i], Ohio [i], at the i ... 

     on the southwest
  • Austintown Township Austintown, Ohio

    Austintown is an unincorporated census-designated place [i] and Youngstown [i] suburb, ... 

     on the west
  • Weathersfield Township, Trumbull County, on the northwest
  • The city of Girard Girard, Ohio

    Girard is a city in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

     on the north-northwest
  • Liberty Township, Trumbull County Liberty Township, Trumbull County, Ohio

    Liberty Township is an urban township [i] located in Trumbull County, Ohio [i], just nort ... 

    , on the north
  • Hubbard Township, Trumbull County Hubbard, Ohio

    Hubbard is a city in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i].... 

    , on the northeast
  • Coitsville Township on the east
  • The city of Campbell Campbell, Ohio

    Campbell is a city in Mahoning County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

     on the east-southeast
  • The city of Struthers Struthers, Ohio

    Struthers is a city in Mahoning County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

     on the southeast


According to the United States Census Bureau United States Census Bureau

The United States Census Bureau is a part of the United States Department of Commerce [i]. ... 

, the city has a total area of 88.7 km˛ . 87.8 km˛ of it is land and 0.9 km˛ of it is water. The total area is 1.02% water.

Youngstown is on the Glaciated Allegheny Plateau Glaciated Allegheny Plateau

The Glaciated Allegheny Plateau is that portion of the Allegheny Plateau [i] that lies within the area c ... 

. At the end of the last Ice Age Ice age

An ice age is a period of long-term downturn in the temperature [i] of Earth [i]'s climate [i], resultin ... 

, the glacier Glacier

A glacier is a large, long-lasting river [i] of ice [i] that is formed on land and moves in response to... 

s left behind a uniform plain, with valleys such as that caused by the Mahoning River traversing the plain.

Demographics



Youngstown's Historical populations
Census
year
Population Rank

1870 8,075
1890 United States Census, 1890

The Eleventh United States Census was taken June 1, 1890.... 

33,320 91
1900 44,885 84
1910 79,066 67
1920 132,358 50
1930 170,002 45
1940 167,720 49
1950 168,330 57
1960 166,689 75
1970 139,788 98
1980 115,427
1990 95,787
2000 United States Census, 2000

# French [i] or French Creole [i]
... 

82,026
2004 77,713
2005 82,836


According to the 2000 Census numbers, Youngstown has 32,177 households, and 19,724 families in the city. The population density Population density

Population density is a measurement of population [i] per unit area or unit volume. ... 

 is 893/km˛ . There are 37,159 housing units at an average density of 423.2/km˛ .

The racial makeup of the city is roughly 51% White White

White is a color [i] that has high brightness but zero hue [i]. ... 

, 44% Black African American

An African American is a member of an ethnic group [i] in the United States [i] whose ancestors, usual... 

 or African American Race

The term race distinguishes one population [i] of an animal species from another of the same species. ... 

, and 5% Hispanic Hispanic

Hispanic is a term denoting a derivation from Spain [i], its people [i] and culture [i] ... 

 or Latino of any race, though Puerto Ricans are the dominant Spanish-speaking group.

Records suggest that 27.2% of the households have children under the age of 18. Of these, 33.2% are married couples living together, 22.9% have a female householder with no husband present, and 38.7% are non-families. Meanwhile, 34.0% of all households are made up of individuals, and 14.7% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.39 and the average family size is 3.07.

In Youngstown, the population leans toward greater numbers of youth, as is often the case in U.S. inner-city areas with higher birthrates. Here, 25.8% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 36 years. For every 100 females, there are 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 87.8 males.

The median household income is $24,201, and the median family income is $30,701; but the per capita income for the city is $13,293. Males have a median income of $29,900 versus $21,050 for females. Roughly twenty-five percent of the population is below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 37.3% of those under the age of 18 and 13.3% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

Government


Youngstown is governed by a mayor, who is elected every four years, and may serve a maximum of two terms. The mayor is inaugurated around January 2nd. Youngstown's current mayor is Jay Williams, who is the city's first African-American mayor and the first independent mayor since 1922. Youngstown has traditionally been led by Democratic mayors.

Also elected is an eight-member city council, comprising representatives of the city's seven wards as well as a council president. The council, in turn, appoints a city clerk. The council meets every first and third Wednesday of the month, from the third week of September through the third week in June.

The city's board of control oversees all contracts for public projects in the city, and the police, fire, parks, civil service, community development, health, planning, and water departments all fall into the board.

The city's finance department oversees all finances within the city, and the departments of economic development and income tax operate as part of it.

Areas that are categorized under the city's department of public works include the departments of engineering, building inspection, building and grounds, signal and sign, demolition and housing, litter and recycling, street, and water waste treatment.

Finally, the city's law department represents the city on all legal issues, acting as counsel to all departments.

Schools


Public

The Youngstown City Schools manages all public education within the city. The school district is currently in the process of consolidating, building new schools, and reconfiguring. Current schools in the district include:

Elementary Schools: Harding, Kirkmere, Mary Haddow, North, Taft, West, Williamson.

Middle Schools: Alpha , Athena , East, Hayes, P. Ross Berry, Southside, Volney Rogers Junior High, Westside

High Schools: Chaney, Rayen, Woodrow Wilson, Youngstown Early College, Choffin Career and Technical Center

It should be noted that this roster will change in the next several years. Chaney will be expanded while Rayen and Wilson will close, in favor of a new East High School.

Youngstown City Schools also participate in an Early College program in cooperation with Youngstown State University Youngstown State University

Youngstown State University, founded in 1908 [i], is an accredited university [i] located in Youngstown, Ohio [i] ... 

, which allows high school students to attend classes on campus and earn college credit.

Private


The Diocese of Youngstown, which once oversaw scores of parochial schools within the city, now oversees just four, because of dwindling enrollment. Two Catholic parochial elementary schools currently operate within the Youngstown city limits: Byzantine Catholic Central and St. Christine's. Several more, however, continue to operate in Mahoning, Trumbull, Columbiana, Portage, Stark, and Ashtabula counties. In addition, two Catholic parochial secondary schools remain in Youngstown proper: Ursuline and Cardinal Mooney. The two high schools share a heated and longstanding rivalry in athletics.

Youngstown also hosts a small number of charter schools Charter school

Charter schools are publicly funded elementary or secondary schools that have been freed from some of th... 

.

College


Youngstown State University Youngstown State University

Youngstown State University, founded in 1908 [i], is an accredited university [i] located in Youngstown, Ohio [i] ... 

 is the main college in the Youngstown-Warren metropolitan area. Still predominantly a commuter school, YSU has a student body of about 13,000 on a campus situated just north of the city's downtown. YSU prides itself by having the lowest tuition of any public college in Ohio, and one of the safest campuses in the collegiate State of Ohio. The school's Dana School of Music has also been widely praised, being named an All-Steinway school, making it one of the finest non-conservatory schools of music in the United States.

History


Youngstown was named for John Young, who first surveyed the area in 1796 and settled there soon after. On April 9, 1800, Young purchased the entire township, 15,560 acres , from the Western Reserve Land Company Connecticut Western Reserve

The Connecticut Western Reserve was land claimed by Connecticut [i] in the Northwest Territory [i] in wh ... 

 for $16,085. He plotted the town in that year, which was recorded on August 19, 1802 with the date and name of "Youngstown, 1797".

Among the first settlers were the families of Martin Tidd and his son-in-law James Hill, who arrived in 1797. In the spring of 1802 they left Youngstown, bound for Kinsman to the north with two teams and wagons.

The area comprising present-day Youngstown was part of the Connecticut Western Reserve Connecticut Western Reserve

The Connecticut Western Reserve was land claimed by Connecticut [i] in the Northwest Territory [i] in wh ... 

, meaning that the land there was reserved for settlers from Connecticut Connecticut

Connecticut is a state [i] in the New England [i] region of the United States [i], located i ... 

. Hence, most early European-American settlers hailed from that state. Within a year, Youngstown was settled by 10 families, who were concentrated near the point where Mill Creek meets the Mahoning River.



As the Western Reserve became increasingly populated, the need arose to establish administrative districts. In 1800, territorial governor Arthur St. Clair established Trumbull County Trumbull County, Ohio

Trumbull County is a county [i] located in the state [i] of Ohio [i], United States [i].... 

 , and designated the smaller settlement of Warren Warren, Ohio

Warren is a city in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

 as the county seat. In 1813, Trumbull County was divided into townships, with Youngstown Township comprising much of what became Mahoning County. The village of Youngstown was incorporated in 1848, and in 1867 Youngstown was chartered as a city. The county seat was moved there from Canfield Canfield, Ohio

Canfield is a city and township located in Mahoning County [i], Ohio [i], at the i ... 

 in 1876.discovery of coal Coal

Coal is a fossil fuel [i] extracted from the ground by underground mining or open-pit mining . ... 

 in the community during the early 1800s paved the way for the Youngstown area's inclusion on the network of the famed Erie Canal Erie Canal

The Erie Canal is a canal [i] in New York State [i], United States [i], that runs from the Hudson River [i] ... 

. The Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal Company was organized in 1835, and the canal was completed in 1839. Local industrialist David Tod  persuaded Lake Erie Lake Erie

Lake Erie is the eleventh largest lake [i] on Earth and, of the five Great Lakes [i] of North America [i] ... 

 steamboat owners that coal mined in the Mahoning Valley could fuel their vessels if canal transportation were available between Youngstown and Cleveland. The railroad Rail transport

Rail transport is the transport [i] of passenger [i]s and goods [i] along railways or ... 

 came to Youngstown in 1853.

With the opening of the city's steel mills, Youngstown proved to be a popular destination for immigrants from Eastern Europe Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the east [i]ern region [i] of Europe [i] variably defined. ... 

, Italy Italy

Italy, officially the Italian Republic , is a Southern European [i] country. ... 

, Germany Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country [i] in central Europe [i]. ... 

, Greece Greece

Greece
Greece lies at the juncture of Europe [i], Asia [i], and Africa [i]. ... 

, and Ireland Ireland

Ireland is the third largest [i] island [i] in Europe [i]. ... 

. In the early 20th century, the community also saw an influx of immigrants from non-European countries including Lebanon Lebanon

Lebanon, officially the Lebanese democratic Republic , is a small, largely mountainous [i] country ... 

, Palestine Palestine

Palestine is one of several names for the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea [i] and the ba ... 

, and Syria Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in the Middle East [i]. ... 

. Such ethnic diversity continues to be reflected in many of the community's neighborhoods, where a Hungarian Hungary

Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked [i] country in Central Europe [i], ... 

 Orthodox church Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church is a Christian [i] body that encompasses national jurisdictions ... 

 may share the same street corner with an Italian restaurant.

Industry and business


Endowed with generous deposits of coal Coal

Coal is a fossil fuel [i] extracted from the ground by underground mining or open-pit mining . ... 

 and iron Iron

Iron is a chemical element [i] with the symbol Fe and atomic number [i] 26. ... 

, Youngstown soon developed a thriving steel industry Steel

Steel is a metal [i] alloy [i] whose major component is iron [i], with carbon [i] content between 0.02% ... 

. The area's first blast furnace Blast furnace

A blast furnace is a type of furnace [i] for smelting [i] iron ore [i].... 

 was established to the east of town in 1803. Between the 1920s 1920s

The 1920s was a decade [i] sometimes referred to as the "Jazz Age [i]" or the "Roaring Twenties [i]," us ... 

 and 1960s 1960s

The 1960s decade [i] refers to the years from 1960 [i] to 1969 [i], inclusive. ... 

, the city served as a significant industrial hub, featuring the massive furnaces and foundries Foundry

A foundry is a factory [i] which produces casting [i]s of metal [i], both ferrous and non-ferrous.... 

 of such companies as Republic Steel Republic Steel

Republic Steel was once the third largest steel [i] producer in the United States [i].
... 

 and U.S. Steel U.S. Steel

The United States Steel Corporation is an integrated steel [i] producer with major production operation ... 

. Youngstown also served as headquarters for the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company Youngstown Sheet and Tube

The Youngstown Iron Sheet and Tube Company was one of the largest steel manufacturers in the world.... 

, one of the nation's most important steel producers.

Unfortunately, Youngstown never became as economically diversified as did larger industrial cities . Hence, when economic changes forced the closure of plants throughout the 1970s 1970s

The 1970s decade [i] refers to the years from 1970 [i] to 1979 [i], inclusive. ... 

 the city was left with few substantial economic alternatives. The September 19, 1977 announcement of the closure of a large portion of Youngstown Sheet & Tube , is widely regarded as the swan song of the old area steel industry, and the community has yet to fully recover from the loss of these jobs.

Today, the city serves as venue to some steel and metalworking Metalworking

Metalworking is the craft and practice of working with metal [i]s to create parts or structures. ... 

, but nothing on the scale seen during the glory days of the "Steel Valley." The largest employer in the city is currently Youngstown State University Youngstown State University

Youngstown State University, founded in 1908 [i], is an accredited university [i] located in Youngstown, Ohio [i] ... 

 , an urban public campus that serves about 13,000 students. The largest industrial employers in the metropolitan area are General Motors General Motors

General Motors Corporation, also known as GM, is the world's largest automaker [i] ... 

' Lordstown Lordstown, Ohio

Lordstown is a village in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

 auto assembly plant. One of the largest auto plants in area in the United States, it was home to production of the Chevrolet Impala, Vega, and Cavalier Cavalier

Cavalier was the name used by Parliamentarians for a Royalist supporter of King Charles I [i] ... 

. Recently expanded and retooled with a new paint facility, it is the current home to the Cavalier's successor, the Chevrolet Cobalt Chevrolet Cobalt

The Chevrolet Cobalt is a compact car [i] introduced by Chevrolet [i] in 2004 for the 2005 model year. ... 

. Delphi Delphi (auto parts)

Delphi is an automotive parts [i] company headquartered in Troy, Michigan [i], USA [i]. ... 

, Packard Electric Systems, and the WCI Steel plant, are also located in the Warren Warren, Ohio

Warren is a city in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

 area. The largest industrial employers within the Youngstown city limits are V&M Star Steel Company , in the Brier Hill district, and Exal Corporation, located on Poland Avenue. The latter has recently expanded its operations.

Another successful business in downtown that is garnering attention is the Youngstown Business Incubator, which houses several start-up technology companies by offering office space, furnishings, and utilities. Many of the companies have won numerous awards, and as a result some are beginning to outgrow their current space. In an effort to keep these companies downtown, the incubator has been given approval to demolish a set of vacant buildings next to it to build a new, larger, one.

Several banks, including JP Morgan Chase JPMorgan Chase & Co.

company_name = JPMorgan Chase & Co.... 

, First National Bank, and Sky Bank have offices in the city, and the Youngstown-based Home Savings & Loan is headquartered there. Besides banking, social, and governmental services, however, there is little to attract consumers to the downtown area as most retail shopping disappeared two decades ago. The time of upscale downtown department stores such as McKelvey's has long passed.

Over the years, Youngstown has produced a number of entrepreneurs whose enterprises became national household names. In 1964, for instance, the area served as birthplace of the fast-food Fast food

Fast food is food [i] which is prepared and served quickly at outlets called fast-food restaurants. ... 

 chain, Arby's Arby's

Arby's is a fast food [i] restaurant [i] franchise [i] in the United States [i] and Canada [i]... 

, when the first of its restaurants opened in nearby Boardman Boardman Township, Mahoning County, Ohio

Boardman is a suburban township located in Mahoning County, Ohio [i], United States [i], just south of Youngstown [i] ... 

. Arthur Treacher's Fish & Chips was headquartered in Youngstown in the late 1970s. Youngstown was also the birthplace of the celebrated Good Humor Good Humor

Good Humor is an American brand of ice cream [i] once sold from the back of refrigerated [i] ... 

 brand of ice cream novelties, the long-popular regional chain of Isaly's Dairy & Ice Cream, as well as the current popular franchise of Handel's Homemade Ice Cream & Yogurt Handel's Homemade Ice Cream & Yogurt

Handel's Homemade Ice Cream & Yogurt is a popular franchise founded in 1945 whose success has been repor... 

. In the late 1980s, the Avanti, an automobile with a fiberglass body , was manufactured in an industrial complex located on Youngstown's Albert Street.

In the 1950s, the suburb of Boardman became the site of one of the country's first modern shopping plazas, established by Youngstown-area developer Edward J. DeBartolo. Boardman's originality as a suburban innovator was also seen in the expansive building and grassy lawn of the new 1950s headquarters of the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company, now known as the Southwoods Complex. More recently, the community served as corporate headquarters for Phar-Mor Phar-Mor

Phar-Mor was a U.S. [i] chain of discount drug stores [i], based in Youngstown, Ohio [i] a ... 

, the now-defunct pharmacy Pharmacy

Pharmacy is a transitional field between health science [i]s and chemical science [i]s and a profession [i]... 

 chain whose local assets were purchased by the supermarket chain Giant Eagle Giant Eagle

Giant Eagle, Inc. is an American [i] supermarket [i] chain with stores located in Pennsylvania [i] ... 

.

For a large segment of the American public, however, Youngstown is associated with the economic malaise that befell much of the industrial northeast following the collapse of its manufacturing sector. The decline of Youngstown's steel industry and its devastating impact on local workers were famously treated in Bruce Springsteen Bruce Springsteen

Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen is an American [i] rock [i] and folk [i] ... 

's ballad, "Youngstown," featured on his The Ghost of Tom Joad album. Springsteen included Youngstown as a stop on his subsequent Ghost of Tom Joad Tour Ghost of Tom Joad Tour

The Ghost of Tom Joad Tour was a lengthy, worldwide concert tour [i] featuring Bruce Springsteen [i] per ... 

.

Attractions


Despite the impact of regional economic decline, Youngstown offers an array of cultural and recreational resources. Moreover, the community's range of attractions has increased in recent years.

Theater


A "jewel" of elite local culture is Powers Auditorium , the city's primary music hall and home of the Youngstown Symphony Orchestra. Youngstown features four other auditoriums, however. Ford Recital Hall was built in 2006, as an addition to the restored and renovated Powers Auditorium. Neo-classical Stambaugh Auditorium, on the city's north side, serves as popular site of concerts, hosts the Stambaugh Youth Concert Band, and is frequently rented out for private events. Meanwhile, the Oakland Center for the Arts hosts a variety of locally produced plays. Finally, the Youngstown Playhouse, located on the city's South Side, is the Mahoning County's primary community theater. The Youngstown Playhouse has served the community for more than 80 years, despite intermittent financial challenges.

More recently, in April 2006, Grande Venues, Inc., an Illinois-based developer of theatre properties, formed an Ohio investment group to purchase the long-defunct Liberty-Paramount Theatre. The group that plans to develop the old landmark is known as the Liberty Paramount Theatre Youngstown, LLC. Many longtime residents of the area were pleased to learn of the restoration of the theatre, which was designed by noted theatre architect, C. Howard Crane, and built in 1918. The former Liberty-Paramount Theater is located at the corner of Hazel and Federal streets, in the heart of the downtown area. The Liberty-Paramount was once one of five downtown movie palace Movie palace

Movie palace is a synonym [i] for movie theater [i], but nowadays usually used for the grand cinemas of ... 

s. . The group plans to restore the early-20th century structure and transform it into a venue for public events including live theater performances and screenings of motion pictures.

Museums


Located within walking distance of the Youngstown State University campus and the downtown area is the Butler Institute of American Art Butler Institute of American Art

[i], [[Ohio]... 

, the nation's premiere museum of American art Visual arts of the United States

Visual arts of the United States refers to the history of painting [i] and visual art [i] in the United States [i]... 

. Across the street from the Butler is the McDonough Museum of Art, built in 1991 and operated by Youngstown State University. McDonough showcases contemporary art, and hosts several programs for art students both at YSU and throughout the area.

Also on the YSU campus is the Carence R. Smith Mineral Museum, which is operated by the geology department and is located inside one of the campus buildings.

In addition, the Arms Family Museum of Local History is within walking distance from the preceding three museums, and is hosted in an 1905 Arts & Crafts Style American Craftsman

The American Craftsman Style or the American Arts and Crafts Movement is an American domestic architectural [i] ... 

 mansion on Wick Avenue. It is operated by the Mahoning Valley Historical Society and maintains period rooms showcasing the original contents of the Arms household including furnishings, art objects, and personal artifacts. The museum also mounts changing exhibits on local history topics and recently opened the Anne Kilcawley Christman Hands-on History Room. The MVHS Archival Library operates in the former carriage house on the Museum site.

Located in the city's downtown is the Museum of Industry and Labor, which is not in the Wick Avenue area of the museums mentioned above, but farther away on Wood Street, more in the bridge area between the university and the downtown proper. This strikingly designed museum is owned by the Ohio Historical Society, and primarily focuses on the valley's history in steelworking and labor, and has an excellent archive. Recently, the OHS has increased support of the museum, and local interest is on the rise.

In the heart of Downtown, The Children's Museum of the Valley provides regional educational opportunities for hands-on interaction. Activities and exhibits explore the culture, art, drama, construction, science, and natural history connected to the Mahoning Valley.

The only other museum in the city is in Mill Creek Park; a small museum showcasing the history of the park and Volney Rogers, the Youngstown attorney who set aside the land which it lies on, and is located on a floor of the Davis Education and Recreation Center.

Parks

Youngstown's most beloved resource is perhaps , a five-mile-long stretch of landscaped woodland reminiscent of Rock Creek Park Rock Creek Park

Rock Creek Park is an urban natural area with public park [i] facilities which bisects Washington, D.C. [i] ... 

 in Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C. is the capital [i] city [i] of the United States of America [i]. ... 

 Mill Creek is the second-largest municipal park Urban park

An urban park, also known as a municipal park, is a park [i] that is built in cities mostly to red ... 

 in the country, behind New York City's Central Park Central Park

Central Park is a large public, urban park [i] in the borough of Manhattan [i] in New York City [i]. ... 

. The park's highlights include the restored 19th-century Lanterman's Mill, the dramatic rock formations of Bear's Den, scores of nature trails, the Fellows Riverside Gardens and Nature Center, and the "Cinderella" iron link bridge. The Nature Center's popular lookout point provides visitors with contrasting views of the area. From the south side, the canopied woodlands overlooking Lake Glacier are visible; from the north side, viewers are presented with a scenic view of downtown Youngstown. The park also features two golf courses: an 18-hole short holes course, and a 36-hole professional course. In addition, it features numerous recreational spaces. In 2005, the park was placed on the National Register of Historic Places National Register of Historic Places

The National Register of Historic Places is the United States' [i] official list of distri ... 

. A monument commemorating this event is located near a commmemorative statue of Volney Rogers, the Youngstown attorney who set aside land that would later become Mill Creek Park.

The city also features a smaller municipal recreational area, Wick Park, which is located on the historic north side. The periphery of Wick Park is lined with early 20th-century mansions built by the city's industrialists, business leaders, and professionals during Youngstown's "boom" years. Also located near Wick Park is Stambaugh Auditorium, a neo-classical structure that serves as the site of concerts and other public events. Several cemeteries and small recreational spaces are scattered throughout the city.

Sports


One of the city's most recent attractions is the Chevrolet Centre Chevrolet Centre

The Chevrolet Centre is a 5,700-seat multi-purpose arena [i] in Youngstown, Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

, formerly the Youngstown Convocation Center, which was funded primarily through a $26 million federal grant. The impressive, high-tech facility, which opened in October 2005, is located on the site of a former steel mill. The Centre's main tenants are the Youngstown Steelhounds hockey team, who play in the CHL, and the Mahoning Valley Thunder, an af2 Af2

af2 is the name of the Arena Football League [i]'s minor league [i], which started play in 2000 [i].... 

 Arena football team which will play its first season in 2007. The city also plans to develop vacant land adjacent to the convocation center, either as a park, a riverwalk , an amphitheater, or a new athletic stadium for use by the city's public and private high schools.

The Youngstown State University Penguins are also a big draw to the area. The football team, which competes in the Gateway Football Conference Gateway Football Conference

The Gateway Football Conference is a [[list of college athletic conferences|college athletic conference]... 

, is rich in tradition and one of the most storied and successful teams in 1-AA football, play in Stambaugh Stadium Stambaugh Stadium

Arnold D. Stambaugh Stadium, usually shortened to just Stambaugh Stadium, is the home of football [i] ... 

 and have one of the most supportive fanbases in their division.

The basketball teams, which like every other sport competes in the Horizon League Horizon League

The Horizon League is a nine school, NCAA [i] Division I [i] college athletic conference [i] ... 

, play in the Beeghly Center Beeghly Center

The Beeghly Physical Education Center, or simply,Beeghly Center, is a 6,500-seat multi-purpose arena [i] ... 

, and crowds have remained supportive, having one of the highest attendance averages in the league, despite both the men's and women's teams running on a dry spell the last few years.

The baseball and softball teams have been very successful as of late, with the former reaching the NCAA super-regionals in 2005 and the latter in 2006, respectively, although neither play in the city. Baseball utilizes Eastwood Field in Niles Niles, Ohio

Niles is a city in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

 while softball plays in Canfield Canfield, Ohio

Canfield is a city and township located in Mahoning County [i], Ohio [i], at the i ... 

.

Although they play outside the city, the Mahoning Valley Scrappers Mahoning Valley Scrappers

The Mahoning Valley Scrappers are a minor league [i] baseball [i] club based in Niles, Ohio [i] ... 

 are a vital part of the sports landscape. Playing their home games in Niles' Eastwood Field, they're a single-A short season affiliate of the Cleveland Indians Cleveland Indians

The Cleveland Indians are a Major League Baseball [i] team based in Cleveland, Ohio [i]. ... 

, competing in the New York-Penn League, and since their first season in 1999 have become a highly successful franchise in minor league baseball.

Club Sport Founded League Venue Logo
Mahoning Valley Scrappers Mahoning Valley Scrappers

The Mahoning Valley Scrappers are a minor league [i] baseball [i] club based in Niles, Ohio [i] ... 

Baseball Baseball

Baseball is a team sport [i] popular in North America [i], parts of Latin America [i], the Caribbean [i] ... 

1999 New York-Penn League Eastwood Field
Youngstown Steelhounds Hockey Hockey

Hockey is any of a family of sport [i]s in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a ball, or a h ... 

2005 Central Hockey League Central Hockey League

The Central Hockey League is a mid-level professional [i] hockey [i] league.
... 

Chevrolet Centre Chevrolet Centre

The Chevrolet Centre is a 5,700-seat multi-purpose arena [i] in Youngstown, Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

Mahoning Valley Thunder Arena Football 2007 Af2 Af2

af2 is the name of the Arena Football League [i]'s minor league [i], which started play in 2000 [i].... 

Chevrolet Centre Chevrolet Centre

The Chevrolet Centre is a 5,700-seat multi-purpose arena [i] in Youngstown, Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

Youngstown St. Penguins Youngstown State University

Youngstown State University, founded in 1908 [i], is an accredited university [i] located in Youngstown, Ohio [i] ... 

College football College football

College football is American football [i] played by teams of students fielded by American universities [i] ... 

, College basketball
1908 NCAA National Collegiate Athletic Association

The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions, con... 

: Horizon League Horizon League

The Horizon League is a nine school, NCAA [i] Division I [i] college athletic conference [i] ... 

Stambaugh Stadium Stambaugh Stadium

Arnold D. Stambaugh Stadium, usually shortened to just Stambaugh Stadium, is the home of football [i] ... 

, Beeghly Center Beeghly Center

The Beeghly Physical Education Center, or simply,Beeghly Center, is a 6,500-seat multi-purpose arena [i] ... 


Former attractions


Several of the city's treasured recreational resources failed to survive the economic hardships that came in the late 1970s. The most notable of these was Idora Park, an amusement park Amusement park

Amusement park is the generic term for a collection of rides [i] and other entertainment [i] attractions ... 

 that served as a pleasant alternative to Youngstown residents who preferred not to travel to some of the larger parks located in Northern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania. Beyond its sentimental value, the park, which closed in 1984, enjoyed a small degree of historical significance. Former Youngstown resident Jack Warner Jack Warner

Jack Warner, born Jacob Leonard Eichelbaum in London, Ontario [i], Canada [i], was the president a ... 

 noted in his autobiography that the famed Warner brothers got their start showing distributed films at Idora Park.

Also a thing of the past is downtown Youngstown's traditional position as a retail and entertainment hub. From the early 1900s to the mid-1970s, Youngstown served as the retail center of the Mahoning Valley. The downtown area boasted no less than two department stores Strouss Hirshberg's and McKelvey's . In addition, specialty shops lined the main artery of West Federal Street. The downtown also played host to no fewer than four luxurious movie theaters, including the Palace Theater, the Warner Brothers' Theater, the State Theater, and the Paramount Theater. These businesses were the first to disappear amid declining attendance in the 1950s, '60s, and '70s. In the early 1970s, the appearance of two suburban malls, the Southern Park Mall, in Boardman, and the Eastwood Mall, in Niles, contributed to the closure or relocation of many of those businesses that had survived. The collapse of the community's steel industry at the end of the decade sharpened challenges faced by downtown business owners; and throughout the 1980s and '90s, efforts to revive the former retail hub proved fruitless.

Refurbishing a rugged little city



The cityscape of Youngstown is remarkable for its relative dearth of newer buildings, and from certain angles, the downtown area may appear to have changed little since the 1960s. Moreover, the forces of suburbanization that undermined the downtown area's once thriving retail sector have taken their toll on the city's periphery as well. Pessimistic observers note the absence of a single new car dealership Car dealership

A car dealership is a business that sells new cars [i], used car [i]s or both. ... 

 operating within the city limits, and also observe that city residents are often forced to do their shopping in the surrounding suburbs of Boardman Boardman Township, Mahoning County, Ohio

Boardman is a suburban township located in Mahoning County, Ohio [i], United States [i], just south of Youngstown [i] ... 

, Niles Niles, Ohio

Niles is a city in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

, Austintown Austintown, Ohio

Austintown is an unincorporated census-designated place [i] and Youngstown [i] suburb, ... 

, or Liberty Liberty Township, Trumbull County, Ohio

Liberty Township is an urban township [i] located in Trumbull County, Ohio [i], just nort ... 

.

Yet, downtown Youngstown has seen modest levels of new construction in recent years. New additions include a state office complex and two federal courthouses, one of which features an award-winning design by the architectural firm, Robert AM Stern.

In 2005, Federal Street, a major downtown thoroughfare that had been closed off to create a pedestrian-oriented plaza, was reopened to through traffic. The downtown area has also seen the razing of structurally unsound buildings, as well as the expansion and/or restoration of many others.

In 2004, construction began on a 60-home upscale development called Arlington Heights, and a grant from the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development United States Department of Housing and Urban Development

The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, often abbreviated HUD, is a Cabinet [i] ... 

 allowed for the demolition of Westlake Terrace, a sprawling and dilapitated public housing project. The site currently features a blend of senior housing, rental townhouses and for-sale single-family homes. Low real-estate prices and the efforts of the Youngstown Central Area Improvement Corporation have contributed to the purchase of several long-abandoned downtown buildings as well as their restoration and conversion into specialty shops, restaurants, and eventually condominia. Further, a nonprofit organization called Wick Neighbors is planning a $250 million New Urbanist New urbanism

About new urbanism
New urbanism is an urban design [i] movement [i] whose popularity i... 

 revitalization of Smoky Hollow, a former ethnic neighborhood that borders the downtown and university campus. The neighborhood will eventually comprise about 400 residential units, university student housing, retail space, and a central park, with construction slated to begin in 2006.


One of the area's more successful business ventures in recent years has been the Youngstown Business Incubator. This nonprofit organization, based in a former downtown department store building, fosters the growth of fledgling technology-based companies. The incubator, which currently boasts more than a dozen business tenants, will soon begin construction on a multi-million dollar downtown technology center, where some of its largest firms will relocate.

Meanwhile, the city has attempted to come to terms with its troubling reputation for corruption. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Youngstown became identified in the public mind with Mafia Mafia

The Mafia, also referred to in Italian [i] as Cosa Nostra [i] , is a secret society [i] ... 

-related murders . Consequently, the metropolis gained the nickname "Bomb City," and the phrase "Youngstown tune-up" became a slang term for car-bomb assassination. Today, however, the city has accelerated measures to limit the influence of organized crime upon all sectors of municipal life. For some observers, the climax of this ongoing effort was the arrest, trial, and 2002 conviction of former US Representative James A. Traficant Jr. James Traficant

James Anthony "Jim" Traficant, Jr. is a flamboyantly iconoclastic former Democratic Representative [i] ... 

 on bribery and racketeering charges.

More recently, the city of Youngstown, in partnership with the university, organized an ambitious urban renewal plan titled Youngstown 2010. The goals of Youngstown 2010 include the creation of a "cleaner, greener, and better planned and organized Youngstown." In January 2005, the organization unveiled its "master plan," which took shape in the course of several public meetings that featured input from citizens. Given that the communities to the south and west of the city continue to enjoy a measure of economic success, supporters of such projects hold out hope for the revitalization of Youngstown.

Neighborhoods



  • Arlington
  • Belle Vista
  • Brier Hill
  • Brownlee Woods
  • Buckeye Plat
  • Cornersburg
  • Cottage Grove
  • Downtown Downtown Youngstown

    Downtown Youngstown is the center of the city of Youngstown [i], Ohio [i], and is shapi ... 

  • East High
  • East Side
  • Erie
  • Flint Hill
  • Fosterville
  • Hazelton
  • Idora
  • Kirkmere
  • Landsdowne
  • Lansingville
  • Lincoln Knolls
  • Lower Gibson
  • Mahoning Commons
  • McGuffey Heights
  • Newport
  • North Heights
  • Oak Hill
  • Pleasant Grove
  • Riverbend
  • Salt Springs
  • Schenley
  • Smoky Hollow
  • Steelton
  • Struthers
  • Warren
  • West Side
  • Wick Park


  • Transportation


    The Youngstown area is serviced by the Western Reserve Transit Authority bus system, which is supported through income taxes. Their main terminal is in downtown, and provide service throughout the city, as well as to locations throughout Mahoning and Trumbull counties. The terminal also serves as Youngstown's Greyhound Greyhound Lines

    * Motor Coach Industries [i] MC-7 [i]-Super 7 Scenicruiser [i]
    ... 

     terminal.

    Close by the WRTA terminal is a B&O Line station. The former terminal for the line has been converted into a restaurant, but the station did offer Amtrak Amtrak

    Amtrak is the brand name [i] of the United States [i]' intercity [i] passenger train [i] system created ... 

     service beginning in 1995, only to be discontinued in 2005. The railroads only serve cargo trains at the moment.

    The only airport in the city limits is the Landsdowne Airport, on the east side, which is utilized for general aviation General aviation

    General aviation is one of the two categories of civil aviation [i].
    ... 

    . The main airport in the valley is the Youngstown-Warren Regional Airport  in nearby Vienna. The only commercial route available at the moment is a flight to Orlando, although future routes may be announced soon. Most valley residents choose to fly out of the airports in Cleveland, Akron, or Pittsburgh.

    Youngstown's nicknames


    Some of the city's nicknames include: The Steel City; The Steal City; Steeltown, USA; The Struggle City; The Rust City; Little Chicago; Crimetown, USA; Murdertown, USA; The Hoboken of Ohio; Yompton; The Yo; The Y.O.; Yo-town; and Y-Town. Residents of Youngstown are sometimes referred to as "Youngstowners" or "Youngstown-Americans".

    The Greater Youngstown Metropolitan Area is generically referred to as "the Valley", which is short for: the "Steel Valley"/The Mahoning Valley.

    Youngstown's sister cities


    Media


    Television


    The Youngstown-Warren regional area is served by ten television stations , unusual for a city of this size that is so close to large cities Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio

    For the Cleveland area, see Greater Cleveland [i].
    ... 

     and Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

    Pittsburgh is the second largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania [i] in the United States [i] ... 

    . Youngstown's stations are:

    • WFMJ WFMJ-TV

      WFMJ-TV, Channel 21 is the NBC affiliate in Youngstown, Ohio [i]. ... 

    • WKBN WKBN-TV

      WKBN Channel 27 is the CBS [i] affiliate in Youngstown, Ohio [i].

    ... 


    • WYTV WYTV

      WYTV Channel 33, is the ABC affiliate in Youngstown, Ohio [i].

    ... 


    • WYFX WYFX-LP

      WYFX-LP is the FOX [i] affiliate in Youngstown, Ohio [i].... 

    • WBCB WBCB (The CW Plus)

      WBCB is CW Network [i] affiliate for Youngstown, Ohio [i]. ... 

       ,
  • WNEO WNEO

    WNEO and WEAO are PBS [i] member stations in northeastern Ohio [i], si ... 

  • MY-YTV MY-YTV

    My-YTV Channel 33, is the MyTV [i] affiliate in Youngstown, Ohio [i]. ... 

     "My YTV"
  • W56CL WBGN-LP

    WBGN-LP is a low-powered [i] independent station [i] located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [i] ... 

     56
  • W52CX 52
  • W29CO 29


  • Print


    The Youngstown area's primary daily newspaper is The Vindicator The Vindicator

    The Vindicator is a daily newspaper [i] serving the region surrounding Youngstown, Ohio [i]. ... 

    , the only newspaper that covers Mahoning, Trumbull, and Columbiana counties, as well as Western Pennsylvania. It has competitors, such as the Warren Warren, Ohio

    Warren is a city in Trumbull County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

    -based Tribune Chronicle, and the Lisbon Lisbon, Ohio

    Lisbon is a village in Columbiana County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

     -based Morning Journal, but they only cover their respective counties. Other newspapers that print in Youngstown include The Business Jorunal , The Metro Monthly , The Walruss , and YSU's student newspaper The Jambar .

    Radio


    The vast majority of the most powerful and popular radio stations in the Youngstown-Warren market are split between two conglomerates: Clear Channel Clear Channel Communications

    Clear Channel Communications is a media company based in the United States of America [i]. ... 

     and Cumulus Media Cumulus Media

    Cumulus Media, Inc. is a large owner of radio station [i]s in small and medium markets in the United States [i] ... 

    . The stations in the market include:


    • WTGP 88.1 FM
    • WYSU 88.5 FM
    • WWNW 88.9 FM
    • WVMN 90.1 FM
    • WKTL 90.7 FM
    • WKPL 92.1 FM
    • WNCD 93.3 FM
    • WWGY 95.1 FM
    • WAKZ 95.9 FM
    • WLLF WLLF

      WLLF is a commercial FM [i] radio station [i] in Mercer, Pennsylvania [i], USA, ser ... 

       96.7 FM
    • WMXY 98.9 FM
    • WHOT WHOT-FM

      WHOT-FM is a commercial FM [i] radio station [i] in Youngstown, Ohio [i], USA, broa ... 

       101.1 FM
    • WRBP 101.9 FM
    • WYFM WYFM

      WYFM is a commercial FM [i] radio station [i] in Sharon, Pennsylvania [i], USA, ser ... 

       102.9 FM
    • WWIZ 103.9 FM
    • WQXK WQXK

      WQXK is a commercial FM [i] radio station [i] in Salem, Ohio [i], USA, serving the ... 

       105.1 FM
    • WBBG WBBG

      WBBG is a commercial [i] FM [i] radio station [i] in Youngstown, Ohio [i] ... 

       106.1 FM
  • WEXC 107.1 FM
  • WKBN 570 AM
  • WSOM WSOM

    WSOM is an AM [i] radio station [i] in Salem, Ohio [i], USA, serving the Youngstown, Ohio [i] ... 

     600 AM
  • WPIC 790 AM
  • WKTX 830 AM
  • WGRP 940 AM
  • WKST 1200 AM
  • WJST 1280 AM
  • WBBW WBBW

    WBBW is an AM [i] radio station [i] in Youngstown, Ohio [i] broadcasting at 1240 kHz [i] ... 

     1240 AM
  • WGFT 1330 AM
  • WSAJ 1340 AM
  • WNIO WNIO

    WNIO is an AM [i] radio station [i] in Youngstown, Ohio [i], USA broadcasting at 1390 kHz [i]... 

     1390 AM
  • WHKZ 1440 AM
  • WLOA 1470 AM
  • WASN 1500 AM
  • WRTK 1540 AM
  • WANR 1570 AM


  • Famous Youngstowners and former Steel Valley residents


    Arts and entertainment

    • Brian Gage Brian Gage

      Brian Gage is an American author of satire, fairy tales, and fiction.... 

       — Contemporary author of satire and fiction. Born in Youngstown and grew up in Poland, Ohio Poland, Ohio

      Poland is a village in Mahoning County [i], Ohio [i], United States [i]. ... 

       and Canfield, Ohio Canfield, Ohio

      Canfield is a city and township located in Mahoning County [i], Ohio [i], at the i ... 

      .


    • Stiv Bators — Singer and musician, best known for work with the punk rock band The Dead Boys The Dead Boys

      The Dead Boys were a punk rock [i] band that formed in Cleveland, Ohio [i] about 1975 [i], evolving out ... 

      , born and raised in Youngstown.


    • Robert and Ronald Bell — Musicians, originally from Youngstown's South Side.


    • Ryan West — Record producer, engineer and musician currently in New York City. Known best for mixing and engineering many platinum and gold hip hop and R&B records by artists such as Jay Z, Dr Dre and Usher, which earned him a Grammy nomination in 2004. Born and raised in Liberty Twp.


    • John Steven Bloom — Master illusionist & magician who has toured with performers including Alice Cooper Alice Cooper

      Alice Cooper, is a hard rock [i] singer [i] and musician [i]. ... 

      , Billy Bob Thornton Billy Bob Thornton

      Billy Bob Thornton is an Academy Award [i]-winning American screenwriter [i], actor [i], ... 

      , and Weird Al Yankovic, raised in Liberty Twp.


    • Chris Columbus — Writer, best known for