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Xcode


 
 

Xcode is Apple's suite of tools for developing software on Mac OS XMac OS X

Mac OS X is a line of proprietary, graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Computer, the latest ...
. Xcode 3.0, the latest major version, is bundled free with Mac OS X v10.5Mac OS X v10.5

Mac OS X v10.5 "Leopard" is the upcoming sixth major release of the Mac OS X operating system for Apple's Macintosh computer...
, though is not installed by default. Version 3.0 is not supported on older Mac OS versions, for which Xcode is also available for free from Apple Developer ConnectionApple Developer Connection Summary

The Apple Developer Connection, or ADC, is Apple Computer's developer network....
.

The main application of the suite is the integrated development environmentFacts About Integrated development environment

An integrated development environment , also known as integrated design environment and integrated debugging enviro...
 (IDE), also named Xcode. The Xcode suite also includes most of Apple's developer documentation, and Interface BuilderInterface Builder

Interface Builder is a software development application for Apple Computer's Mac OS X operating system....
, an application used to construct graphical interfaces.

The Xcode suite includes a modified version of free softwareFree software

Free software, as defined by the Free Software Foundation, is software which can be used, copied, studied, modified and redi...
 GNU Compiler CollectionGNU Compiler Collection

The GNU Compiler Collection is a set of programming language compilers produced by the GNU Project....
 (GCC, apple-darwin9-gcc-4.0.1), and supports CC (programming language)

The C programming language is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative computer programming language developed in the earl...
, C++C++

C++ is a general-purpose, high-level programming language with low-level facilities....
, Objective-CObjective-C

Objective-C, often referred to as ObjC or more seldom as Objective C or Obj-C, is a reflective, object ori...
, Objective-C++Objective-C

Objective-C, often referred to as ObjC or more seldom as Objective C or Obj-C, is a reflective, object ori...
, JavaJava (programming language)

Java is an object-oriented programming language developed by James Gosling and colleagues at Sun Microsystems in the early 1...
, AppleScriptAppleScript

name = AppleScript|logo = |caption = AppleScript editor icon...
, PythonPython (programming language)

Python is a programming language created by Guido van Rossum in 1990....
 and RubyRuby (programming language)

Ruby is a reflective, object-oriented programming language....
 source code with a variety of programming models, including but not limited to CocoaCocoa (API)

Cocoa is Apple Computer's native object-oriented application programming environment for the Mac OS X operating system....
, CarbonCarbon (API)

Carbon is Apple Computer's procedural API for the Macintosh operating system, which permits a good degree of forward and bac...
, and Java. Third parties have added support for GNU PascalGNU Pascal

GNU Pascal is a Pascal compiler comprised of a frontend to GCC, similar to the way Fortran and other languages were added to...
, Free PascalFree Pascal

Free Pascal is a portable, open source Pascal compiler....
, Ada, C#, PerlPerl Summary

Perl, also Practical Extraction and Report Language is a dynamic procedural programming language designed by Larry Wa...
, HaskellHaskell (programming language) Overview

Haskell is a standardized pure functional programming language with non-strict semantics, named after the logician Haskell C...
 and D. The Xcode suite uses GDB as the back-end for its debuggerDebugger Summary

A debugger is a computer program that is used to test and debug other programs....
.

Xcode is also the development environment for the iPhoneIPhone

The iPhone is an Internet-enabled multimedia smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc....
, starting version 3.1.

Major features

Among the features of the Xcode suite is the technology to distribute the building of source code over multiple computers. The original, now called Shared Workgroup Build, uses the Bonjour protocol to automatically discover computers providing compiler services, and the free software distccDistcc

distcc is a free software program that distributes processes of compiling C and its derivatives like C++ and Objective-C so...
. More recent versions of Xcode added a second system, called Dedicated Network Builds, which scales better to larger configurations.

Due to modifications to GCC by Apple, Xcode can build universal binariesUniversal binary

A Universal binary is, in Apple Computer's parlance, an application bundle that runs natively on either PowerPC- or x86-base...
 which allows software to run on both PowerPCPowerPC

PowerPC is a RISC microprocessor architecture created by the 1991 AppleIBMMotorola alliance, known as AIM....
 and Intel-based platforms. Furthermore, the modified GCC can build 32- and 64-bit applications for both architectures. Using the iPhoneIPhone

The iPhone is an Internet-enabled multimedia smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc....
 SDK, Xcode can also be used to compile and debug applications for the ARMARM architecture

The ARM architecture is a 32-bit RISC processor architecture that is widely used in a number of embedded designs....
 processor within the device.

Xcode also includes Apple's WebObjectsFacts About WebObjects

WebObjects is a Java Web application server by Apple Computer....
 tools and frameworks for building Java web applications and web services (previously sold as a separate product). As for Xcode 3.0, Apple WebObjects development inside Xcode 3, should be used instead. Xcode 3 still includes the WebObjects frameworks.

In August 2006, Apple announced that DTraceDTrace

DTrace is a comprehensive dynamic tracing framework created by Sun Microsystems....
, a dynamic tracing framework created by Sun MicrosystemsSun Microsystems

company_name = Sun Microsystems | company_type = Public |...
 and released as part of OpenSolarisOpenSolaris

OpenSolaris is an open source project created by Sun Microsystems to build a developer community around the Solaris Operatin...
, would be integrated into Xcode as Xray; Xray was later renamed to InstrumentsInstruments (application)

Instruments is an application performance analyzer and visualizer, integrated in Xcode 3.0....
.

History

The Xcode suite, like Mac OS X itself, had its roots in technology from NeXTNeXT

NeXT was a computer company headquartered in Redwood City, California, that developed and manufactured two computer workstat...
. Prior to the October 24 2003 release of Mac OS X v10.3Mac OS X v10.3

Mac OS X version 10.3 "Panther" is the fourth major release of Apple Computer's Mac OS X operating system....
, Apple referred to the suite of tools as Developer Tools. The Xcode IDE was developed from and superseded Apple's earlier IDE, Project Builder which was inherited and rewritten from NeXTNeXT

NeXT was a computer company headquartered in Redwood City, California, that developed and manufactured two computer workstat...
's IDE of the same name.

External links

  • - PDF for learning how to write Cocoa in Xcode