Woodlawn Cemetery, Bronx
Encyclopedia
Cemetery
A cemetery is a place in which dead bodies and cremated remains are buried. The term "cemetery" implies that the land is specifically designated as a burying ground. Cemeteries in the Western world are where the final ceremonies of death are observed...
in New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
and is a designated National Historic Landmark
National Historic Landmark
A National Historic Landmark is a building, site, structure, object, or district, that is officially recognized by the United States government for its historical significance...
.
A rural cemetery
Rural cemetery
The rural cemetery or garden cemetery is a style of burial ground that uses landscaping in a park-like setting.As early as 1711 the architect Sir Christopher Wren had advocated the creation of burial grounds on the outskirts of town, "inclosed with a strong Brick Wall, and having a walk round, and...
located in the Bronx, it opened in 1863, in what was then southern Westchester County
Westchester County, New York
Westchester County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. Westchester covers an area of and has a population of 949,113 according to the 2010 Census, residing in 45 municipalities...
, in an area that was annexed to New York City in 1874.
The cemetery covers more than 400 acres (161.9 ha) and is the resting place for more than 300,000 people. There is a memorial to the victims of the 1912 RMS Titanic disaster, called The Annie Bliss Titanic Victims Memorial. Built on rolling hills, its tree-lined roads lead to some unique memorials, some designed by McKim Mead & White, John Russell Pope
John Russell Pope
John Russell Pope was an architect most known for his designs of the National Archives and Records Administration building , the Jefferson Memorial and the West Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC.-Biography:Pope was born in New York in 1874, the son of a successful...
, James Gamble Rogers
James Gamble Rogers
James Gamble Rogers was an American architect best known for his academic commissions at Yale University, Columbia University, Northwestern University, and elsewhere....
, Cass Gilbert
Cass Gilbert
- Historical impact :Gilbert is considered a skyscraper pioneer; when designing the Woolworth Building he moved into unproven ground — though he certainly was aware of the ground-breaking work done by Chicago architects on skyscrapers and once discussed merging firms with the legendary Daniel...
, Carrère and Hastings
Carrère and Hastings
Carrère and Hastings, the firm of John Merven Carrère and Thomas Hastings , located in New York City, was one of the outstanding Beaux-Arts architecture firms in the United States. The partnership operated from 1885 until 1911, when Carrère was killed in an automobile accident...
, Sir Edwin Lutyens, Beatrix Jones Farrand, and John LaFarge
John LaFarge
John La Farge was an American painter, muralist, stained glass window maker, decorator, and writer.-Biography:...
. As of 2007, plot prices at Woodlawn were reported as $200 per square foot, $4,800 for a gravesite for two, and up to $1.5 million for land to build a family mausoleum.
In 2011, Woodlawn Cemetery was designated a National Historic Landmark
National Historic Landmark
A National Historic Landmark is a building, site, structure, object, or district, that is officially recognized by the United States government for its historical significance...
, since it shows the transition from the rural cemetery popular at the time of its establishment to the more orderly 20th-century cemetery style.
Burials moved to Woodlawn
Woodlawn was the destination for many human remains disinterred from cemeteries in more densely populated parts of New York City:- The Dyckman-Nagle Burying Ground, West 212th Street/9th Avenue ManhattanManhattanManhattan is the oldest and the most densely populated of the five boroughs of New York City. Located primarily on the island of Manhattan at the mouth of the Hudson River, the boundaries of the borough are identical to those of New York County, an original county of the state of New York...
, was established in 1677 and originally contained 417 plots. In 1905 the remains, with the exception of Staats Long MorrisStaats Long MorrisStaats Long Morris was an American colonist who served as a major-general in the British army during the American Revolution...
and his family, were removed. By 1927 the Morris graves were moved to Woodlawn Cemetery. The former cemetery is now a subway train yard. - West Farms Dutch Reformed Church at Boone Avenue and 172nd Street in the Bronx had most of its graves moved to Woodlawn Cemetery.
- Bensonia Cemetery, aka Morrisania Cemetery, was originally a Native American Burial Ground. The graves were moved to Woodlawn Cemetery. PS138, in the Bronx, is now on the site.
- Rutgers Street church graves were moved to Woodlawn Cemetery.
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- Huguette ClarkHuguette M. ClarkHuguette Marcelle Clark , was the youngest daughter of former U.S. Senator and industrialist William A. Clark. She lived a reclusive life after 1930 and her activities were virtually unknown to the public. Upon her death in 2011, Clark left behind a vast fortune, most of which was donated to charity...
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- Henry ClewsHenry Clews-Biography:He was born in 1836 in Staffordshire, England, and emigrated to the United States around 1850. His first job was at an import business, working as a junior clerk. In 1859 he co-founded Livermore, Clews, and Company, what was then the second largest marketer of federal bonds during the...
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- Edward Knight CollinsEdward Knight CollinsEdward Knight Collins I was an American shipping magnate.-Biography:He was born on August 5, 1802 in Truro, Massachusetts to Israel Gross Collins and Mary Ann Knight . His mother was a neice of Sir Edward Knight and she died shortly afterEdward was born. He was then raised by his aunts...
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- Miles DavisMiles DavisMiles Dewey Davis III was an American jazz musician, trumpeter, bandleader, and composer. Widely considered one of the most influential musicians of the 20th century, Miles Davis was, with his musical groups, at the forefront of several major developments in jazz music, including bebop, cool jazz,...
- Clarence DayClarence DayClarence Shepard Day, Jr. was an American author. Born in New York City, he attended St. Paul's School and graduated from Yale University in 1896. The following year, he joined the New York Stock Exchange, and became a partner in his father's Wall Street brokerage firm...
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- Paul du ChailluPaul du ChailluPaul Belloni du Chaillu was a French-American traveler and anthropologist. He became famous in the 1860s as the first modern outsider to confirm the existence of gorillas and the Pygmy people of central Africa. He later researched the prehistory of Scandinavia.-Early life:His date and place of...
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- Louis MarxLouis MarxLouis Marx was an American toy maker and businessman whose company, Louis Marx and Company was the largest toy company in the world in the 1950s...
- Bat MastersonBat MastersonWilliam Barclay "Bat" Masterson was a figure of the American Old West known as a buffalo hunter, U.S. Marshal and Army scout, avid fisherman, gambler, frontier lawman, and sports editor and columnist for the New York Morning Telegraph...
- William McAdooWilliam McAdoo (New Jersey)William McAdoo was an American Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey's 7th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1883 to 1891, and served as New York City Police Commissioner in 1904 and 1905.-Biography:McAdoo was born in Ramelton, County Donegal,...
- George A. McGuire
- Jackie McLeanJackie McLeanJohn Lenwood McLean was an American jazz alto saxophonist, composer, bandleader and educator, born in New York City.-Biography:McLean's father, John Sr., played guitar in Tiny Bradshaw's orchestra...
- George McManusGeorge McManusGeorge McManus was an American cartoonist best known as the creator of Irish immigrant Jiggs and his wife Maggie, the central characters in his syndicated comic strip, Bringing Up Father....
- Marie Mattingly MeloneyMarie Mattingly MeloneyMarie Mattingly Meloney , who used Mrs. William B. Meloney as her professional and social name, was "one of the leading woman journalists of the United States," a magazine editor and a socialite who in the 1920s organized a fund drive to buy radium for Marie Curie and began a movement for better...
- Herman MelvilleHerman MelvilleHerman Melville was an American novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet. He is best known for his novel Moby-Dick and the posthumous novella Billy Budd....
- William P. MerrillWilliam P. MerrillWilliam Pierson Merrill was an American Presbyterian clergyman, pacifist, author, and hymn writer. He was acknowledged during his time as one of the most influential ministers in America...
- Cyrus Miller
- Gilbert MillerGilbert MillerGilbert Heron Miller was an American theatrical producer.Born in New York City, he was the son of English-born theatrical producer Henry Miller and Bijou Heron, a former child actress. Raised and educated in Europe, he returned home to follow in his father's footsteps and became a highly...
- Marilyn MillerMarilyn MillerMarilyn Miller was one of the most popular Broadway musical stars of the 1920s and early 1930s. She was an accomplished tap dancer, singer and actress, but it was the combination of these talents that endeared her to audiences. On stage she usually played rags-to-riches Cinderella characters who...
- Florence MillsFlorence MillsFlorence Mills, born Florence Winfrey , known as the "Queen of Happiness," was an African American cabaret singer, dancer, and comedian known for her effervescent stage presence, delicate voice, and winsome, wide-eyed beauty.-Life and career:A daughter of former enslaved parents, Nellie and John...
- John Bassett MooreJohn Bassett MooreJohn Bassett Moore was an American authority on international law who was a member of the Hague Tribunal and the first US judge to serve on the Permanent Court of International Justice ....
- Paul MortonPaul MortonPaul Morton was a U.S. businessman.- Biography :He served as the Secretary of Navy between 1904 and 1905. Previous to this, he had been vice president of the Santa Fe Railroad...
- Robert MosesRobert MosesRobert Moses was the "master builder" of mid-20th century New York City, Long Island, Rockland County, and Westchester County, New York. As the shaper of a modern city, he is sometimes compared to Baron Haussmann of Second Empire Paris, and is one of the most polarizing figures in the history of...
O
- Chauncey OlcottChancellor OlcottChancellor "Chauncey" Olcott was an American stage actor, songwriter and singer.Born in Buffalo, New York, in the early years of his career Olcott sang in minstrel shows and Lillian Russell played a major role in helping make him a Broadway star...
- Blanche OelrichsBlanche OelrichsBlanche Oelrichs was an American poet, playwright, and theatre actress known by the pseudonym, "Michael Strange."-Biography:...
- Hermann OelrichsHermann OelrichsHermann Oelrichs , was an American businessman, multimillionaire, and owner of Norddeutsche Lloyd shipping. The grandson of a German immigrant, Oelrichs was married in 1890 to Teresa Alice Fair, daughter of United States Senator and Comstock Lode millionaire James Graham Fair...
- William Butler OgdenWilliam Butler OgdenWilliam Butler Ogden was the first Mayor of Chicago.Ogden was born in Walton, New York. When still a teenager, his father died and Ogden took over the family real estate business...
- Joe "King" Oliver
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- Augustus G. Paine, Jr.Augustus G. Paine, Jr.Augustus Gibson Paine, Jr. was an American paper manufacturer and bank official.- Biography :Born in New York City, he was the son of Augustus G. Paine, Sr. and Charlotte M. Bedell Paine . He was educated privately in the United States and Europe...
- Felix PappalardiFelix PappalardiFelix A. Pappalardi Jr. was an American music producer, songwriter, vocalist, and bass guitarist.- Early life :Pappalardi was born in the Bronx, New York...
- James Cash Penney
- George B. PostGeorge B. PostGeorge Browne Post was an American architect trained in the Beaux-Arts tradition.-Biography:Post was a student of Richard Morris Hunt , but unlike many architects of his generation, he had previously received a degree in civil engineering...
- Otto PremingerOtto PremingerOtto Ludwig Preminger was an Austro–Hungarian-American theatre and film director.After moving from the theatre to Hollywood, he directed over 35 feature films in a five-decade career. He rose to prominence for stylish film noir mysteries such as Laura and Fallen Angel...
- Samuel I. PrimeSamuel I. PrimeSamuel Irenæus Prime was an American clergyman, traveler, and writer. He was born at Ballston, N. Y., and graduated from Williams College in 1829. Three years later he entered Princeton Theological Seminary, was licensed to preach in 1833, and in 1835 was installed pastor of the Presbyterian...
- Joseph PulitzerJoseph PulitzerJoseph Pulitzer April 10, 1847 – October 29, 1911), born Politzer József, was a Hungarian-American newspaper publisher of the St. Louis Post Dispatch and the New York World. Pulitzer introduced the techniques of "new journalism" to the newspapers he acquired in the 1880s and became a leading...
- Michael Pupin
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- Charles RanhoferCharles RanhoferCharles Ranhofer was the chef at the famous Delmonico's Restaurant in New York from 1862 to 1876 and 1879 to 1896...
- Theodore Reik
- Grantland RiceGrantland RiceGrantland Rice was an early 20th century American sportswriter known for his elegant prose. His writing was published in newspapers around the country and broadcast on the radio.-Biography:...
- Vincent RichardsVincent RichardsVincent "Vinnie" Richards was a top American tennis player in the early decades of the 20th Century, particularly known as being a superlative volleyer....
- Tex Rickard
- Max RoachMax RoachMaxwell Lemuel "Max" Roach was an American jazz percussionist, drummer, and composer.A pioneer of bebop, Roach went on to work in many other styles of music, and is generally considered alongside the most important drummers in history...
- Andrew J. RogersAndrew J. RogersAndrew Jackson Rogers was an American lawyer, teacher, clerk, police commissioner and Democratic Party politician who represented in the United States House of Representatives from 1863-1867.-Biography:...
- Delmar "Barney" RoosDelmar "Barney" RoosDelmar G. "Barney" Roos was an American automotive engineer who served as Studebaker's head of engineering from 1926 to 1936, specialising in straight-eight engines. He later worked for the British Rootes Group in the design of Humber, Hillman and Sunbeam Talbot cars...
- Ruth Rowland NicholsRuth Rowland NicholsRuth Rowland Nichols was an aviation pioneer. She was the only woman yet to hold simultaneous world records for speed, altitude, and distance for a female pilot.-Early life:...
- Damon RunyonDamon RunyonAlfred Damon Runyon was an American newspaperman and writer.He was best known for his short stories celebrating the world of Broadway in New York City that grew out of the Prohibition era. To New Yorkers of his generation, a "Damon Runyon character" evoked a distinctive social type from the...
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- Julio Mario Santo DomingoJulio Mario Santo DomingoJulio Mario Santo Domingo Pumarejo was a Colombian businessman and patriarch of the wealthy Santo Domingo family. He was the son of Mario Santo Domingo and Beatriz Pumarejo...
- Frank ScaliceFrank ScaliceFrancesco "Frank" Scalice also known as Don Cheech and Wacky, was an Italian-American mobster active in New York City, who led the future Gambino crime family from 1930 to 1931, and was underboss from 1951 to 1957.-Boss:Scalice was born in Palermo, Sicily in 1893, and later emigrated to the US,...
- Sokei-an Shigetsu Sasaki
- Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman ("Nellie Bly")Nellie BlyNellie Bly was the pen name of American pioneer female journalist Elizabeth Jane Cochran. She remains notable for two feats: a record-breaking trip around the world in emulation of Jules Verne's character Phileas Fogg, and an exposé in which she faked insanity to study a mental institution from...
- Lawrence L. ShenfieldLawrence L. ShenfieldLawrence Lewis "Larry" Shenfield was an advertising executive who was instrumental in promoting the development of radio broadcasting during its golden age of the 1920's and 1930's. Larry lined up sponsors to help further the popularity of such stars as Orson Welles and Dinah Shore...
- Louis SherryLouis SherryLouis Sherry was an important American restaurateur, caterer, confectioner and hotelier during the Gilded Age and early 20th century. His name is typically associated with an upscale brand of candy and ice cream, and also the Sherry-Netherland Hotel in New York City.-Early life:Sherry was born in St...
- Franz SigelFranz SigelFranz Sigel was a German military officer, revolutionist and immigrant to the United States who was a teacher, newspaperman, politician, and served as a Union major general in the American Civil War.-Early life:...
- Franklin SimonFranklin SimonFranklin Simon was the owner of Franklin Simon & Co., a department store in Manhattan. The store was founded in February 1902, and his business partner was Herman A. Flurscheim.-Biography:...
- Charles B.J. Snyder
- Ruth SnyderRuth SnyderRuth Brown Snyder was an American murderess. Her execution, in the electric chair at Sing Sing Prison, for the murder of her husband, Albert, was captured in a well-known photograph.-The crime:...
- Elizabeth Cady StantonElizabeth Cady StantonElizabeth Cady Stanton was an American social activist, abolitionist, and leading figure of the early woman's movement...
- Joseph StellaJoseph StellaJoseph Stella was an Italian-born, American Futurist painter best known for his depictions of industrial America. He is associated with the American Precisionism movement of the 1910s-1940s....
- John William SterlingJohn William SterlingJohn William Sterling was a corporate attorney and major benefactor to Yale University.-Biography:John William Sterling was born in Stratford, Connecticut. He graduated from Yale University with a B.A. in 1864 and was a member of Skull and Bones. He was admitted to the bar three years later. He...
- William H.H. StowellWilliam H.H. StowellWilliam Henry Harrison Stowell was a nineteenth century congressman, merchant and industrialist from Virginia, Vermont, Massachusetts, Wisconsin and Minnesota....
- Josef StranskyJosef StránskýJosef Stransky was a Czech conductor, composer, and art collector/dealer who moved to the United States and conducted the New York Philharmonic from 1911 to 1923.-Biography:...
- Isidor StrausIsidor StrausIsidor Straus —a German Jewish American—was co-owner of the Macy's department store with his brother Nathan. He also served briefly as a member of the United States House of Representatives...
- William L. StrongWilliam L. StrongWilliam Lafayette Strong was the Mayor of New York from 1895 to 1897. He was the last mayor of New York before the Consolidation of the City of New York on January 1, 1898.-Biography:...
- E.G. Squier
- Edmund Clarence StedmanEdmund Clarence StedmanEdmund Clarence Stedman , American poet, critic, and essayist was born at Hartford, Connecticut, United States.-Biography:...
- James StillmanJames StillmanJames Jewett Stillman was an American businessman who invested in land, banking, and railroads in New York, Texas, and Mexico.-Biography:...
- Swante M. SwensonSwante M. SwensonSwante M. Swenson was the founder of the SMS Ranches in West Texas. It was through his efforts that Swedish immigration to Texas was begun in 1848.-Biography:...
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- Olive ThomasOlive ThomasOlive Thomas was an American silent film actress and model. She is best remembered for her marriage to Jack Pickford and her death.-Early life:...
- Lloyd TilghmanLloyd TilghmanLloyd Tilghman was a railroad construction engineer and a Confederate general in the American Civil War, killed at the Battle of Champion Hill...
- Dan ToppingDan ToppingDaniel Reid Topping was a part owner and president of the New York Yankees baseball team from 1945 to 1964. Daniel Reid Topping was the son of Rhea Reid and Henry J. Topping. Rhea Reid, the daughter of Daniel G. Reid, known as the "Tinplate King" for his vast wealth in the tin industry, was the...
- Jokichi TakamineJokichi Takaminewas a Japanese chemist.-Early life and education:Takamine was born in Takaoka, Toyama Prefecture, in November 1854. His father was a doctor; his mother a member of a family of sake brewers. He spent his childhood in Kanazawa, capital of present-day Ishikawa Prefecture in central Honshū, and was...
- Clarice TaylorClarice TaylorClarice Taylor was an American stage, film and television actress.-Biography:Born in Buckingham County, Virginia, Taylor was best-known for her recurring role on television on The Cosby Show as Dr. Heathcliff "Cliff" Huxtable's mother, Anna Huxtable. She was nominated for an Emmy Award in 1986...
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- Madam C. J. Walker
- James Watson WebbJames Watson WebbGeneral James Watson Webb was a United States diplomat, newspaper publisher and a New York politician in the Whig and Republican parties.-Biography:...
- William H. WebbWilliam H. WebbWilliam Henry Webb was a 19th-century New York shipbuilder and philanthropist, who has been called America's first true naval architect....
- Royal Hurlburt Weller
- Edward WernerEdward WernerDr. Edward Henryk Werner was an economist, judge, industrialist, and politician. He was best known as Vice-Minister of Finance in the Second Polish Republic.- Life :...
- Gertrude Vanderbilt WhitneyGertrude Vanderbilt WhitneyGertrude Vanderbilt Whitney was an American sculptor, art patron and collector, and founder in 1931 of the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City...
- Harry Payne WhitneyHarry Payne WhitneyHarry Payne Whitney was an American businessman, thoroughbred horsebreeder, and member of the prominent Whitney family.- Early years :...
- William Collins Whitney
- Bert WilliamsBert WilliamsEgbert Austin "Bert" Williams was one of the preeminent entertainers of the Vaudeville era and one of the most popular comedians for all audiences of his time. He was by far the best-selling black recording artist before 1920...
- Harry WillsHarry Wills240px|rightHarry "The Black Panther" Wills was perhaps the most well known victim of the "color line" drawn by white heavyweight champions after the title reign of Jack Johnson...
- Nat M. WillsNat M. WillsNat M. Wills , was a popular stage star, vaudeville entertainer, and recording artist at the beginning of the 20th century...
- Edward O. Wolcott
- William Woodward, Jr.William Woodward, Jr.William "Billy" Woodward, Jr. was the heir to the Hanover National Bank fortune , the Belair Estate and stud farm and legacy,...
- Franklin Winfield Woolworth
See also
- List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City
- List of United States cemeteries
- List of mausoleums
- Rural Cemetery ActRural Cemetery ActThe Rural Cemetery Act was a law passed by the New York Legislature on April 27, 1847, that authorized commercial burial grounds in rural New York state. The law led to burial of human remains becoming a commercial business for the first time, replacing the traditional practice of burying the dead...