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William Stone (c. 1603 – c. 1660) was an English
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 pioneer and an early settler in Maryland
Maryland

Maryland is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic States of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia and the Washington, D.C. to the south and west, Pennsylvania to the north, and Delaware to the east....
. He was governor of the colony of Maryland
Province of Maryland

The Province of Maryland was an English colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen colonies in establishing the United States and became the U.S....
 from 1649 to 1655.

e was born in Northamptonshire
Northamptonshire

Northamptonshire is a landlocked Counties of England in the England East Midlands, with a population of 629,676 as at the United Kingdom Census 2001....
, England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
.

Stone came to America
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 in 1628 with a group of Puritan
Puritan

A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of worship and doctrine, as well as personal and group pietism....
s who settled in the Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay
Chesapeake Bay

The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States. It lies off the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by Maryland and Virginia. The Chesapeake Bay's drainage basin covers in the District of Columbia and parts of six states: New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia....
 in Virginia
Virginia

The Commonwealth of Virginia is an United States U.S. state on the East Coast of the United States of the Southern United States. The state is known as the "Old Dominion" and sometimes as "Mother of Presidents", because it is the birthplace of Lists of United States Presidents by place of birth#By state....
. Their settlement thrived, but eventually came into conflict with Virginia's established Episcopal Church
Church of England

The Church of England is the State religion Christianity Ecclesia in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the oldest among the communion's thirty-eight independent national and regional churches....
.

In 1648, Stone reached an agreement with Cecilius Calvert, the 2nd Lord Baltimore to resettle the group in central Maryland
Maryland

Maryland is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic States of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia and the Washington, D.C. to the south and west, Pennsylvania to the north, and Delaware to the east....
.

ugust 8, 1648, Lord Baltimore named Stone the Governor of his colony.






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William Stone (c. 1603 – c. 1660) was an English
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 pioneer and an early settler in Maryland
Maryland

Maryland is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic States of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia and the Washington, D.C. to the south and west, Pennsylvania to the north, and Delaware to the east....
. He was governor of the colony of Maryland
Province of Maryland

The Province of Maryland was an English colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen colonies in establishing the United States and became the U.S....
 from 1649 to 1655.

Early life

Stone was born in Northamptonshire
Northamptonshire

Northamptonshire is a landlocked Counties of England in the England East Midlands, with a population of 629,676 as at the United Kingdom Census 2001....
, England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
.

Stone came to America
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 in 1628 with a group of Puritan
Puritan

A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of worship and doctrine, as well as personal and group pietism....
s who settled in the Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay
Chesapeake Bay

The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States. It lies off the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by Maryland and Virginia. The Chesapeake Bay's drainage basin covers in the District of Columbia and parts of six states: New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia....
 in Virginia
Virginia

The Commonwealth of Virginia is an United States U.S. state on the East Coast of the United States of the Southern United States. The state is known as the "Old Dominion" and sometimes as "Mother of Presidents", because it is the birthplace of Lists of United States Presidents by place of birth#By state....
. Their settlement thrived, but eventually came into conflict with Virginia's established Episcopal Church
Church of England

The Church of England is the State religion Christianity Ecclesia in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the oldest among the communion's thirty-eight independent national and regional churches....
.

In 1648, Stone reached an agreement with Cecilius Calvert, the 2nd Lord Baltimore to resettle the group in central Maryland
Maryland

Maryland is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic States of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia and the Washington, D.C. to the south and west, Pennsylvania to the north, and Delaware to the east....
.

Governor of the Maryland colony

On August 8, 1648, Lord Baltimore named Stone the Governor of his colony. He was the first Protestant Governor of what had up until then been a Catholic Colony. The Assembly sought a confirmation of their religious liberty and in 1649 Governor Stone signed the Religious Toleration Act
Maryland Toleration Act

File:Large Broadside on the Maryland Toleration Act.jpgMaryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion, was passed in 1649 by assembly of the Province of Maryland mandating religious toleration....
, which permitted liberty to all Christian
Christian

A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a Monotheism#Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus and interpreted by Christians to have been prophesied in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament....
 denominations.

In 1649, Stone and Puritan
Puritan

A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of worship and doctrine, as well as personal and group pietism....
 exiles from Virginia
Virginia

The Commonwealth of Virginia is an United States U.S. state on the East Coast of the United States of the Southern United States. The state is known as the "Old Dominion" and sometimes as "Mother of Presidents", because it is the birthplace of Lists of United States Presidents by place of birth#By state....
 founded the town of Providence
Annapolis, Maryland

Annapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Maryland, as well as the county seat of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It has a population of 36,408 , and is situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River , south of Baltimore and about east of Washington D.C....
 on the north shore of the Severn River
Severn River (Maryland)

The Severn River runs through Anne Arundel County, Maryland in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is located south of the Magothy River, and north of the South River ....
 and across from what is today the Maryland state capital of Annapolis
Annapolis, Maryland

Annapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Maryland, as well as the county seat of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It has a population of 36,408 , and is situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River , south of Baltimore and about east of Washington D.C....
.

In 1654, after the Third English Civil War
Third English Civil War

The Third English Civil War was the last of the English Civil War , a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Roundheads and Cavaliers....
 (1649–51), Parliamentary forces assumed control of Maryland and Stone went into exile in Virginia. Per orders from Lord Baltimore, Stone returned the following spring at the head of a Cavalier
Cavalier

Cavalier was the name used by Roundheads for a Royalist supporter of Charles I of England during the English Civil War . Prince Rupert of the Rhine, commander of much of Charles I's cavalry, is often considered an archetypical Cavalier....
 force. But, in what is known as the Battle of the Severn
Battle of the Severn

The Battle of the Severn was a skirmish fought on March 25, 1655 on the Severn River at Horn Point, across Spa Creek from Annapolis, Maryland in what at that time was referred to as "Providence", in what is now the neighborhood of Eastport....
 (March 25, 1655), Stone was defeated and taken prisoner.

Stone was replaced as Governor by Josias Fendall
Josias Fendall

Gov. Josias Fendall, Lt. Gen., Esq. , was fourth proprietary and colonial Governor of Maryland. He was born in England, and came to the Province of Maryland....
 (1628–87), and took no further part in public affairs.

Restoration and land grant

In 1660, the monarchy in England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 and the proprietor's government in Maryland were restored
English Restoration

The English Restoration, or simply The Restoration began in 1660 when the English monarchy, Scottish monarchy and Irish monarchy were restored under Charles II of England after the Interregnum that followed the English Civil War....
. Lord Baltimore granted Stone as much land as he could ride around in a day, as a reward for Stone's faithful service. Stone concentrated on developing his plantation at Poynton Manor in what is now Charles County, Maryland
Charles County, Maryland

Charles County is a county in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Maryland.As of 2000, the population was 120,546. Its county seat is La Plata, Maryland....
, where he died in about 1660.

Legacy

Stone's great-grandson, David (born 1709), greatly expanded the value of the estate at Poynton and returned the family to prominence. William Stone's great-great-grandsons made major contributions to the foundation of Maryland as an American state: Thomas Stone
Thomas Stone

Thomas Stone was an United States planter who signed the United States Declaration of Independence as a delegate for Maryland. He later worked on the committee that formed the Articles of Confederation in 1777....
 signed the Declaration of Independence
United States Declaration of Independence

The United States Declaration of Independence is a statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the Thirteen Colonies then at war with Kingdom of Great Britain were now independent states, and thus no longer a part of the British Empire....
, Michael Jenifer Stone
Michael J. Stone

Michael Jenifer Stone was an United States planter and statesman from Charles County, Maryland. He represented Maryland in the United States House of Representatives....
 represented Maryland in the First United States Congress, John Hoskins Stone
John Hoskins Stone

John Hoskins Stone was an United States planter, soldier, and politician from Charles County, Maryland. During the American Revolutionary War he led the 1st Maryland Regiment of the Continental Army....
 was Governor of Maryland 1794–97, and William Murray Stone
William Murray Stone

William Murray Stone, D.D. was an United States Episcopal Church in the United States of America clergyman from Maryland. He was bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Maryland at Baltimore, Maryland from 1830....
 was the Episcopal Bishop of Baltimore
Baltimore, Maryland

Baltimore is an independent city and the largest city in the U.S. state of Maryland in the United States. Baltimore is located in central Maryland along the tidal portion of the Patapsco River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay....
.

See also

  • Proprietary Governor
    Proprietary Governor

    Proprietary Governors were individuals authorized to govern proprietary colonies. Under the proprietary system, individuals or companies were granted commercial charters by the King of England to establish colonies....
  • Province of Maryland
    Province of Maryland

    The Province of Maryland was an English colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen colonies in establishing the United States and became the U.S....
  • English Interregnum
    English Interregnum

    The English Interregnum was the period of parliamentary and military rule under the Commonwealth of England after the English Civil War. It began with the regicide of Charles I of England in January 1649, and ended with the English Restoration of Charles II of England in 1660....
  • English Civil War
    English Civil War

    The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Roundhead and Cavalier. The First English Civil War and Second English Civil War civil wars pitted the supporters of Charles I of England against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the Third English Civil War saw fighting between supporters...
  • The Protectorate
    The Protectorate

    In History of the British Isles, the Protectorate was the period 1653–1659 during which the Commonwealth of England was governed by a Lord Protector....


Further reading