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Vladimir Kryuchkov

 

 
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Vladimir Kryuchkov
 
 
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Vladimir Alexandrovich Kryuchkov (Russian
Russian language

Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages, and the largest native language in Europe....
: ???????? ????????????? ???????) (29 February 1924 – 23 November 2007) was a former Soviet
Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
 politician and Communist Party
Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the ruling political party in the Soviet Union and one of the largest Communist Party in the world....
 member, having been in the organization from 1944 until he was dismissed in 1991 for his role in the failed coup against Gorbachev
Mikhail Gorbachev

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev is a Russian politician. He was the last General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, serving from 1985 until 1991, and also the last head of state of the USSR, serving from 1988 until its collapse in 1991....
. He was born in Tsaritsyn, which is now Volgograd
Volgograd

Volgograd , geographical renaming Tsaritsyn and Stalingrad is a types of inhabited localities in Russia and the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia....


chkov joined the Soviet diplomatic service, stationed in Hungary
Hungary

Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
 until 1959.






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Vladimir Alexandrovich Kryuchkov (Russian
Russian language

Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages, and the largest native language in Europe....
: ???????? ????????????? ???????) (29 February 1924 – 23 November 2007) was a former Soviet
Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
 politician and Communist Party
Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the ruling political party in the Soviet Union and one of the largest Communist Party in the world....
 member, having been in the organization from 1944 until he was dismissed in 1991 for his role in the failed coup against Gorbachev
Mikhail Gorbachev

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev is a Russian politician. He was the last General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, serving from 1985 until 1991, and also the last head of state of the USSR, serving from 1988 until its collapse in 1991....
. He was born in Tsaritsyn, which is now Volgograd
Volgograd

Volgograd , geographical renaming Tsaritsyn and Stalingrad is a types of inhabited localities in Russia and the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia....


Career

Kryuchkov joined the Soviet diplomatic service, stationed in Hungary
Hungary

Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
 until 1959. He then worked for the Communist Party Central Committee for eight years, before joining the KGB
KGB

KGB is the Russian language abbreviation of Committee for State Security , which was the official name of the umbrella organization serving as the Soviet Union's premier security agency, secret police, and intelligence agency, from 1954 to 1991....
 in 1967 together with his patron Yuri Andropov
Yuri Andropov

Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov was a Soviet Union politician and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 12 November 1982 until his death fifteen months later....
. He was appointed head of the First Chief Directorate (FCD) in 1974 (the KGB Foreign Operations) and Deputy Chairman in 1978. In 1988 he was promoted to the rank of General of the Army and became KGB Chairman. In 1989-1990, he was a member of the Politburo.

A political hard-liner, Kryuchkov was among the members of the Soviet intellegence community who misinterpreted the 1983 NATO
NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization , also called the Atlantic Alliance, is a military alliance established by the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949....
 exercise Able Archer as a prelude to a nuclear attack. Many historians, such as Robert Cowley
Robert Cowley

Robert Cowley is the founding editing of MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History. He lives in New York and Connecticut, and he has also edited three collections of essays in virtual history known as What If? ...
 and John Lewis Gaddis
John Lewis Gaddis

John Lewis Gaddis is the Robert A. Lovett Professor of Military and Naval History at Yale University. He was born in Cotulla Texas in 1941. He is a noted historian of the Cold War and grand strategy....
, believe the Able Archer incident was the closest the world has come to nuclear war
Nuclear war

Nuclear warfare is battle in which nuclear weapons are used.Nuclear war may also refer to:*Nuclear War *Nuclear War *Nuclear War, an album by Sun Ra...
 since the Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuban Missile Crisis

File:EXCOMM meeting, , 29 October 1962.jpgFile:Jupiter IRBM.jpgThe Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation between the United States, the Soviet Union, and Cuba that occurred in the early 1960s during the Cold War....
 of 1962.

During the August Coup of 1991, Kryuchkov was among the gang of eight
Gang of Eight (Soviet Union)

The Gang of Eight was a group of eight high level officials within the Soviet government, the CPSU and KGB. Under the guise of a State Emergency Committee, they attempted a August Coup of 1991 against Mikhail Gorbachev on 18 August, 1991....
 that led the State Emergency Committee (??????????????? ??????? ?? ????????????? ?????????, ????) that temporarily ousted Gorbachev
Soviet coup attempt of 1991

The 1991 Soviet coup d'?tat attempt , also known as the August Putsch or August Coup, was an attempt by a group of members of the Soviet Union's government to take control of the country from Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev....
. Following the failed coup attempt, Kryuchkov was imprisoned for his participation. However, in 1994 the State Duma
State Duma

The State Duma in the Russian Federation is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia , the upper house being the Federation Council of Russia....
 freed him in an amnesty
Amnesty

Amnesty is a legislative or executive act by which a state restores those who may have been guilty of an offense against it to the positions of innocent persons....
. Kryuchkov was replaced as chairman of the KGB by Vadim Bakatin
Vadim Bakatin

Vadim Viktorovich Bakatin was a Soviet political figure who served as the last chairman of the KGB in 1991. He is the last surviving former chairman of this organization....
.

He died in 2007 from an unspecified illness in Moscow
Moscow

Moscow is the capital and the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia of the Russian Federation. It is also the largest European cities and metropolitan areas, with the Moscow metropolitan area ranking among the largest urban areas in the world....
.

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