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Vitreous or glassy refers to a material in an amorphous state (in contrast to a crystalline state), thereby forming a glass
Glass

Glass generally refers to a Hardness, brittle, transparency amorphous solid, such as that used for windows, many Glass Bottles, or eyewear, including, but not limited to, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, acrylic glass, sugar glass, Muscovite , or aluminium oxynitride....
. In such a state, the constituent atom
Atom

|-! bgcolor=gray | Properties|-||}The atom is a basic unit of matter consisting of a dense, central atomic nucleus surrounded by a electron cloud of electric charge electrons....
s do not exhibit the long-range order
Long-range order

In physics, long-range order characterizes physical systems in which remote portions of the same sample exhibit correlation behavior.This can be seen with a correlation function, namely the spin -spin correlation function:...
 that is characteristic of crystal
Crystal

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions....
s. However, they still exhibit short-range order -- the separation of atoms and/or the lengths of covalent bond
Covalent bond

A covalent bond is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, or between atoms and other covalent bonds....
s are very close to their typical equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium

In a chemical process, chemical equilibrium is the state in which the Activity or concentrations of the reactants and products have no net change over time....
 distances. The creation of a vitreous material by supercooling
Supercooling

Supercooling is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid or a gas below its melting point, without it becoming a solid.A liquid below its standard freezing point will crystallization process in the presence of a nucleation around which a crystal structure can form....
 or by addition of additives prior to cooling is called vitrification
Vitrification

Vitrification is a process of converting a material into a glass-like amorphous solid that is free from any crystalline structure, either by the quick removal or addition of heat, or by mixing with an additive....
.

Under certain conditions, vitreous materials may begin to rearrange themselves into crystal
Crystal

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions....
s.






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Vitreous or glassy refers to a material in an amorphous state (in contrast to a crystalline state), thereby forming a glass
Glass

Glass generally refers to a Hardness, brittle, transparency amorphous solid, such as that used for windows, many Glass Bottles, or eyewear, including, but not limited to, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, acrylic glass, sugar glass, Muscovite , or aluminium oxynitride....
. In such a state, the constituent atom
Atom

|-! bgcolor=gray | Properties|-||}The atom is a basic unit of matter consisting of a dense, central atomic nucleus surrounded by a electron cloud of electric charge electrons....
s do not exhibit the long-range order
Long-range order

In physics, long-range order characterizes physical systems in which remote portions of the same sample exhibit correlation behavior.This can be seen with a correlation function, namely the spin -spin correlation function:...
 that is characteristic of crystal
Crystal

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions....
s. However, they still exhibit short-range order -- the separation of atoms and/or the lengths of covalent bond
Covalent bond

A covalent bond is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, or between atoms and other covalent bonds....
s are very close to their typical equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium

In a chemical process, chemical equilibrium is the state in which the Activity or concentrations of the reactants and products have no net change over time....
 distances. The creation of a vitreous material by supercooling
Supercooling

Supercooling is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid or a gas below its melting point, without it becoming a solid.A liquid below its standard freezing point will crystallization process in the presence of a nucleation around which a crystal structure can form....
 or by addition of additives prior to cooling is called vitrification
Vitrification

Vitrification is a process of converting a material into a glass-like amorphous solid that is free from any crystalline structure, either by the quick removal or addition of heat, or by mixing with an additive....
.

Under certain conditions, vitreous materials may begin to rearrange themselves into crystal
Crystal

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions....
s. This process is referred to as devitrification. Natural volcanic glass, obsidian
Obsidian

Obsidian is a naturally occurring glass formed as an extrusive igneous rock. It is produced when felsic lava extruded from a volcano cools without crystal growth....
, will de-vitrify or crystallize over extended periods of geologic time. Devitrification can also occur in glass items that are regularly washed in dishwasher
Dishwasher

A dishwasher is a mechanical device for cleaning dishware and cutlerys. Dishwashers can be found in restaurants and private homes....
s due to the chemicals involved in their detergents.

Other uses

  • When applied to whiteware ceramic
    Ceramic

    File:Bridge from dental porcelain.jpgFile:Qing vase p1070256.jpgA ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetal solid prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling....
    s, vitreous means the material has an extremely low permeability to liquids, often but not always water, when determined by a specified test regime. The microstructure of whiteware ceramic
    Ceramic

    File:Bridge from dental porcelain.jpgFile:Qing vase p1070256.jpgA ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetal solid prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling....
    s frequently contains both amorphous and crystalline phases.
  • A vitreous luster
    Lustre (mineralogy)

    Lustre is a description of the way light interacts with the surface of a crystal, rock , or mineral. For example, a diamond is said to have an adamantine lustre and pyrite is said to have a metallic lustre....
     in mineralogy
    Mineralogy

    Mineralogy is an Earth Science focused around the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical properties of minerals. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, as well as their utilization....
     refers to a glassy luster or sheen of a mineral surface. The minerals quartz
    Quartz

    Quartz is the most abundant mineral in the Earth's continental crust . It is made up of a Crystal structure of silica tetrahedra. Quartz has a hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale and a density of 2.65 g/cm?....
     and fluorite
    Fluorite

    Fluorite is a mineral composed of calcium fluoride, CalciumFluorine. It is an Cubic mineral with a cubic habit, though octahedral and more complex isometric forms are not uncommon....
     exhibit a vitreous luster.
  • The vitreous humour
    Vitreous humour

    The vitreous humour or vitreous humor is the clear gel that fills the space between the Lens and the retina of the eyeball of humans and other vertebrate....
     (British spelling) or vitreous humor (American spelling
    American English

    PhonologyIn many ways, compared to English language in England, North American English is conservative in its phonology. Some distinctive accents can be found on the East Coast of the United States , partly because these areas were in contact with England, and imitated prestigious varieties of English English at a time when those varieties we...
    ) is the clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of the eyeball of humans and other vertebrates.


See also

  • Amorphous
  • Glass
    Glass

    Glass generally refers to a Hardness, brittle, transparency amorphous solid, such as that used for windows, many Glass Bottles, or eyewear, including, but not limited to, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, acrylic glass, sugar glass, Muscovite , or aluminium oxynitride....
  • Vitrification
    Vitrification

    Vitrification is a process of converting a material into a glass-like amorphous solid that is free from any crystalline structure, either by the quick removal or addition of heat, or by mixing with an additive....