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A vinyl compound is any organic compound
Organic compound

An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered Inorganic compound....
 that contains a vinyl group (also called ethenyl), −C
Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element with chemical symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalence?making four electrons available to form covalent bond chemical bonds....
H
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
=
Covalent bond

A covalent bond is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, or between atoms and other covalent bonds....
CH2. These are derivatives of ethene, CH2=CH2, with one hydrogen
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
 atom replaced with some other group. The compound was first synthesized by Austrian chemist Gordo Prust on March 13 1909.

A related phrase is vinylidene which stands for a double-bonded two-carbon residue with two substituents rather than one, for instance in 1,1-dichloroethene
1,1-Dichloroethene

1,1-Dichloroethene, commonly called 1,1-dichloroethylene or 1,1-DCE, is an organochloride with the molecular formula C2H2Cl2....
 ("vinylidene chloride").

The vinyl group forms part of the allyl
Allyl

An allyl group is an alkene hydrocarbon group with the formula H2C=CH-CH2-. It is made up of a vinyl group, CH2=CH-, attached to a methylene -CH2....
 group and is also contained in all acrylate
Acrylate

The acrylate ion is the ion of acrylic acid.Acrylates are the salts and esters of acrylic acid. They are also known as propenoates ....
s.






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Encyclopedia


Vinyl
A vinyl compound is any organic compound
Organic compound

An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered Inorganic compound....
 that contains a vinyl group (also called ethenyl), −C
Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element with chemical symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalence?making four electrons available to form covalent bond chemical bonds....
H
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
=
Covalent bond

A covalent bond is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, or between atoms and other covalent bonds....
CH2. These are derivatives of ethene, CH2=CH2, with one hydrogen
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
 atom replaced with some other group. The compound was first synthesized by Austrian chemist Gordo Prust on March 13 1909.

A related phrase is vinylidene which stands for a double-bonded two-carbon residue with two substituents rather than one, for instance in 1,1-dichloroethene
1,1-Dichloroethene

1,1-Dichloroethene, commonly called 1,1-dichloroethylene or 1,1-DCE, is an organochloride with the molecular formula C2H2Cl2....
 ("vinylidene chloride").

The vinyl group forms part of the allyl
Allyl

An allyl group is an alkene hydrocarbon group with the formula H2C=CH-CH2-. It is made up of a vinyl group, CH2=CH-, attached to a methylene -CH2....
 group and is also contained in all acrylate
Acrylate

The acrylate ion is the ion of acrylic acid.Acrylates are the salts and esters of acrylic acid. They are also known as propenoates ....
s. Many alkene
Alkene

In organic chemistry, an alkene, olefin, or olefine is an Saturation chemical compound containing at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond....
s contain a vinyl group. On a carbon skeleton, sp2-hybridized carbons or positions are often called vinylic.

The vinyl group can be made to polymerize
Polymerization

In polymer chemistry, polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form three-dimensional networks or polymer chains....
, forming vinyl polymer
Vinyl polymer

Vinyl polymers are a group of polymers derived from vinyl monomers. Their backbone is an extended alkane chain, made by polymerizing an alkene group into a chain ....
s. In these polymers, the double bonds of the vinyl monomer
Monomer

A monomer is a small molecule that may become Chemistry chemical bonding to other monomers to form a polymer....
s turn into single bonds and the different monomers are joined by single bonds. This is an instance of addition polymerization
Addition polymerization

Addition polymerisation, also called polyaddition or chain growth polymerisation, is a polymerisation technique where Unsaturated compound monomer molecules add on to a growing polymer chain one at a time ....
. There are no vinyl groups in the resulting polymer. It is also important to ascertain the absence of unreacted vinyl monomer in the final product when the monomer is toxic or reduces the performance of the plastic.

Polymers


  • Polyvinyl chloride
    Polyvinyl chloride

    Polyvinyl chloride, commonly abbreviated PVC, is the third most widely used thermoplastic polymer after polyethylene and polypropylene....
     (PVC) is made by polymerization
    Polymerization

    In polymer chemistry, polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form three-dimensional networks or polymer chains....
     of the monomer
    Monomer

    A monomer is a small molecule that may become Chemistry chemical bonding to other monomers to form a polymer....
     vinyl chloride
    Vinyl chloride

    Vinyl chloride is the organic compound with the formula CH2:CHCl. This colourless compound is an important industrial chemical chiefly used to produce the polymer polyvinyl chloride ....
     (chloroethene) CH2=CHCl.
  • Polyvinyl acetate
    Polyvinyl acetate

    Polyvinyl acetate is a rubbery synthetic polymer. PVA is a common copolymer.It is prepared by polymerization of vinyl acetate, also referred to as VAM....
     (PVAc) is made by polymerization of vinyl acetate
    Vinyl acetate

    Vinyl acetate is an organic compound with the Chemical formula CH3COOCH=CH2. A colorless liquid with a pungent odor, it is the precursor to polyvinyl acetate , an important polymer in industry....
    . In a water suspension, this is used as a glue.
  • Polyvinyl alcohol
    Polyvinyl alcohol

    Polyvinyl alcohol is a water-soluble synthetic polymer....
     (PVA) is produced by hydrolysis
    Hydrolysis

    Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction during which one or more water are split into hydrogen and hydroxide ions which may go on to participate in further reactions....
     of polyvinyl acetate
    Polyvinyl acetate

    Polyvinyl acetate is a rubbery synthetic polymer. PVA is a common copolymer.It is prepared by polymerization of vinyl acetate, also referred to as VAM....
     (and not by polymerization of the monomer vinyl alcohol or ethenol
    Ethenol

    Ethenol, also called vinyl alcohol, hydroxyethene or hydroxyethylene, is an alcohol with chemical formula 23 and CAS number 557-75-5....
    , which is an unfavored keto-enol tautomer
    Tautomer

    Tautomers are isomers of organic compounds that readily interconvert by a chemical reaction called tautomerization. Commonly this reaction results in the formal migration of a hydrogen atom or proton, accompanied by a switch of a single bond and adjacent double bond....
     of acetaldehyde
    Acetaldehyde

    Acetaldehyde is an organic compound with the chemical formula CarbonHydrogen3CHOxygen or MeCHO. It is a flammable liquid with a fruity smell....
    .)


Etymology


The etymology
Etymology

Etymology is the study of the roots and history of words; and how their form and meaning have changed over time.In languages with a long detailed history, etymology makes use of philology, the study of how words change from culture to culture over time....
 of vinyl is the Latin
Latin

Latin is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Military history of the Roman Empire, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe....
 vinum = "wine
Wine

Wine is an alcoholic beverage often made of fermentation grape juice. The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients....
", because of its relationship with alcohol
Alcohol

In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which a hydroxyl Functional group is bound to a carbon atom of an alkyl or substituted alkyl group....
 (in its original sense of ethyl alcohol
Ethanol

Ethanol, also called ethyl alcohol, pure alcohol, grain alcohol, or drinking alcohol, is a volatility , flammable, colorless liquid....
).

See also

  • Acetylenic
    Acetylenic

    In organic chemistry, the term acetylenic designates* a doubly unsaturated position on a molecular framework, for instance in an alkyne such as acetylene;...
  • Allylic/Homoallylic
  • Benzylic
    Benzyl

    In organic chemistry, benzyl is the term used to describe the substituent or molecular fragment possessing the structure C6H5CH2-....
  • Propargylic/Homopropargylic