Viluppuram District
Encyclopedia
Villupuram is one of the thirty districts which make up Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu is one of the 28 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the union territory of Pondicherry, and the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh...

 state situated on the southern tip of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

. The district headquarters is located at Villupuram. Villupuram district came into existence on 30 September 1993 when it was created out of South Arcot
South Arcot
South Arcot is a former district of India, located in the state of Tamil Nadu.South Arcot was the southern portion of the Mughal province of Arcot. Arcot came under the control of a local Nawab after Mughals lost control southern India in the 18th century...

 district. Villupuram is the largest district in the state.

Early history

From the 1st to the 4th centuries CE the Chola were the rulers of the area, Karikala Chola
Karikala Chola
Karikala Chola or Karikala Chozhan was one of the great Tamil kings of Early Chola during the Sangam period. He was the son of Ilamcetcenni and ruled around 270 BC....

 was the most famous and powerful individual of the time. The grip of Chola rule was broken when the Cholas were overthrown by Simha Vishnu Pallava and the region came under the Pallava
Pallava
The Pallava dynasty was a Tamil dynasty which ruled the northern Tamil Nadu region and the southern Andhra Pradesh region with their capital at Kanchipuram...

 rule. Vijayalaya Chola
Vijayalaya Chola
Vijayalaya was the Chola king of South India Thanjavur during c. 848 C.E. and re-established the Chola dynastic rule.-Dark age of Cholas:The ancient Chola kingdom once famous in Tamil literature and in the writings of Greek merchants and geographers faded in to darkness after c 300 C.E. Cholas...

 again revived Chola rule. This was the beginning of great Chola Empire.

Cholas regained their lost position but with the rise of Jatavarman Sundara Pandya-1 (1251), Chola supremacy came to an end. The sway of Pandyas lasted for over 50 years, followed by Muslim domination from 1334 to 1378. By 1378, the region came under the rule of Vijayanagara Empire
Vijayanagara Empire
The Vijayanagara Empire , referred as the Kingdom of Bisnaga by the Portuguese, was an empire based in South Indian in the Deccan Plateau region. It was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of the Yadava lineage. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts...

 and Nayaks
Nayak (ethnic group)
-History and origin:The word nayak means a head of a regiment. This word is derived from the Sanskrit senanayaka, which means head of a regiment. The community trace there descent from the Vaghela Rajputs who converted to Islam in the 12th Century. They established a number of petty states in...

 were appointed as the rulers of the region.

In 1677 Shivaji took the Gingee
Gingee
Gingee is a panchayat town in Viluppuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The nearest town with a railway station is Tindivanam, 28 km away....

 area with the assistance of Golkonda
Golkonda
Golkonda or Golla konda a ruined city of south-central India and capital of ancient Kingdom of Golkonda , is situated 11 km west of Hyderabad.The most important builder of Golkonda was a Hindu Kakatiya King...

 forces. Then came the Mughals. During the Mughal regime, both the English
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

 and French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 acquired settlements in South Arcot. During the Anglo-French rivalry, the entire district was turned into a battleground. After sometime, the entire area came under the control of British East India Company
British East India Company
The East India Company was an early English joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the East Indies, but that ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and China...

. It remained under British authority till 1947 when India became independent.

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj
Ministry of Panchayati Raj
The Ministry of Panchayati Raj is a branch of the Government of India looking after the ongoing process of decentralization and local governance in the States....

 named Viluppuram one of the country's 250 most backward districts
Poverty in India
Poverty is widespread in India, with the nation estimated to have a third of the world's poor. According to a 2005 World Bank estimate, 41.6% of the total Indian population falls below the international poverty line of 1.25 a day...

 (out of a total of 640
Districts of India
A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.District officials include:...

). It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).

Divisions

Villupuram district has 8 taluks.
  • Villupuram
  • Kallakurichi
    Kallakkurichi taluk
    Kallakkurichi taluk is a taluk of Viluppuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Kallakurichi.- Population :...

  • Gingee
    Gingee taluk
    Gingee taluk is a taluk of Viluppuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Gingee.- Population :...

  • Tindivanam
    Thindivanam taluk
    Tindivanam taluk is a taluk of Viluppuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Tindivanam....

  • Vanur
    Vanur taluk
    Vanur taluk is a taluk of Viluppuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Vanur.- Population :...

  • Tirukkoyilur
    Tirukkoyilur
    Tirukkoyilur is a panchayat town in Viluppuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.-Etymology:'Tiru' + 'Kovil + 'oor' = holy temple village/place in Tamil....

  • Ulundurpet
    Ulundurpettai taluk
    Ulundurpettai taluk is a taluk of Viluppuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Ulundurpettai.http://www.ulundurpet.com- Population :...

  • Sankarapuram
    Sankarapuram taluk
    Sankarapuram taluk is a taluk of Viluppuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Sankarapuram.- Population :...


C.Vallabadhas

There is a famous Catholic Church dedicated to St. Paul the Hermit whose feast is celebrated every year on 8 August. Many people from all parts of the nation come here to receive the grace. The beauty of the church atmosphere is fantastic. This village has given birth to Rev.Dr.C.Vallabadhas. He is very much dedicated to educating the poor without considering the cast or creed. He has lot of fans from nearby villages mostly Hindus. He is really a great man and saint.He is known for his intellectual capacity, simplicity and openness. He is from a very poor but pious family. His parents (Mr.P. Chinnappan and Mrs. C. Mariaselvam)are very pious, hardworking, Helping minded.They brought up this wonderful boy so tremendously that he even gave break for his priesthood studies and dedicated five years of his young life to educate the village children without getting even a single penny.His parents supported this great cause. How great are they ! May God bless these simple souls! Many hindus still remember him. He is the first one to study abroad theology from the whole diocese. His ordination ceremony was participated by countless persons from all walks of life. He is a man of high dreams. Highly intellectual, musician, writer and very spiritual but totally different that is the reason there are so many rumors spread by some jealous people. But God is great and He is with him. One day the world will recognize this great man and award him the Noble Prize for his service to the humanity and the church also will recognize and feel proud of him. This village is really lucky to have him..

Villages

Villupuram District has the following villages (The list is not complete)
  • ((Thandalai south))
  • kodungal
  • Sendamangalam
    Sendamangalam
    Sendamangalam is a panchayat town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the headquarters of Sendamangalam Block in Namakkal District.-Geography:...

  • Thapovanam
  • Ozhindiampattu
  • Kaanai
  • Nagar
  • Rayanallur
  • Siruvadi
  • Maragathapuram
  • Nellambakkam
  • Nallur
  • Chettikulam
  • Vaidapakkam
  • Kurur
  • Vadanerkunam
  • Alankuppam
  • Brammadesam
  • Kalpattu
  • Mullapalayam
  • Rettanai
  • Venganthoor
  • Ayandhur
  • Komalur
  • Kedar
  • Orathur
  • Kandachipuram
  • Thimmalai
  • Manalapadi
  • Reddypalayam
  • Alampoondi
  • Sathyamangalam
    Sathyamangalam
    Sathyamangalam or Sathy is a small city and taluk in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It lies on both banks of the Bhavani River, a tributary of the Kaveri in the foothills of the Western Ghats...

  • Nayambadi
  • Thikkamedu
  • Nadupattu
  • Mottur
  • v.Salai
  • Rayaottai
  • Katrampakam
  • Andiyarpalayam
  • Kodoor
  • Thailapuram
  • Kalamarudur
  • Uppuvellore
  • karuvatchi

Demographics

According to the 2011 census
2011 census of India
The 15th Indian National census was conducted in two phases, houselisting and population enumeration. Houselisting phase began on April 1, 2010 and involved collection of information about all buildings...

 Viluppuram district has a population
Demographics of India
The demographics of India are inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.21 billion people , more than a sixth of the world's population. Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing...

 of 3,463,284, roughly equal to the nation of Panama
Panama
Panama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...

 or the US state of Connecticut
Connecticut
Connecticut is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and the state of New York to the west and the south .Connecticut is named for the Connecticut River, the major U.S. river that approximately...

. This gives it a ranking of 93rd in India (out of a total of 640
Districts of India
A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.District officials include:...

). The district has a population density of 482 PD/sqkm . Its population growth rate
Family planning in India
Family planning in India is based on efforts largely sponsored by the Indian government. In the 1965-2009 period, contraceptive usage has more than tripled and the fertility rate has more than halved , but the national fertility rate is still high enough to cause long-term population growth...

 over the decade 2001-2011 was 16.99 %. Viluppuram has a sex ratio
Sex ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. The primary sex ratio is the ratio at the time of conception, secondary sex ratio is the ratio at time of birth, and tertiary sex ratio is the ratio of mature organisms....

 of 985 females
Women in India
The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia. From equal status with men in ancient times through the low points of the medieval period, to the promotion of equal rights by many reformers, the history of women in India has been eventful...

 for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate
Literacy in India
Literacy in India is key for socio-economic progress, and the Indian literacy rate grew to 74.04% in 2011 from 12% at the end of British rule in 1947. Although this was a greater than sixfold improvement, the level is well below the world average literacy rate of 84%, and India currently has the...

 of 72.08 %.

Villupuram district had a population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...

 of 2,960,373 as per the 2001 census. It is only 14.42% urbanised.It has a literacy rate of 64.68%.

Tourist Places

The region has a variety of historical tourist attractions many of which are more than 1500 years old. First Rockcut temple of King Mahendra Verma Pallava is located at Mandagapattu Village near Gingee. The very big Rockcut temple called Sathru Malleshwara Alayam of First King Mahendra Verma Pallava is located at Thalavanur Village near Gingee Fort within 15 km. Gingee to Villupuram on the way.

Veedur Dam veedur dam adopt with the children's park located between the Tindivanam - Villupuram Highway.

Gomuki Dam is located in Kachirayapalayam nearer to Kallakkurichi. And two falls are located nearer to the same area.
Megam falls(6 km from Kachirayapalayam)
And Periyar falls

The cultural township of Auroville
Auroville
Auroville is an "experimental" township in Viluppuram district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India, near Pondicherry in South India. It was founded in 1968 by Mirra Alfassa and designed by architect Roger Anger...

 is also located in this district.

Thandalai south

thandalai village located 3 kilometer from chennai to salem national highway and also 5 kilometer from kallakurichi. agriculture is occupation of thandalai people becouse this village having good cultivating land,good water sources and also water supply from manimukhtha dam.there is one government school up to 10th standared.there is ancient powerffull lord muthu mariyamman temple is located center of the village, and also family god periyayi amman temples is located east of the village. small lake is located entrance of the village.and also this village drinking water from village overhead tank is located center of the village,

Ozhindiampattu

The Lord of the temple is praised in the Thevaram hymns of Tirugnanasambandar. Says the saint, Arasili is the abode of Lord who drove away Kala the God of Death, who conquered cupid (Manmatha) the deity of passion and lust, living on the alms offered by others, wearing Kondrai flower and tortoise garlands and sacred ash sprayed over His body. This is the 31st temple in the Thondainadu region praised in Thevaram hymns.
  • Festival
    Festival
    A festival or gala is an event, usually and ordinarily staged by a local community, which centers on and celebrates some unique aspect of that community and the Festival....



10 day Vaikasi Brahmmotsavam in May–June, Maha Shivrathri in February–March and Tirukarthikai in November–December are the festivals celebrated in the temple.
  • Temple Speciality


Lord Shiva is swayambumurthy in the temple
  • Temple History


Sage Vamadeva visited many Shiva sthalas seeking relief from a curse he incurred. When he came to this place, he relaxed for a while under an Arasu tree thinking how pleasant would it be if Lord Shiva was there under the tree. Knowing the Sage’s wish, Lord appeared there as a swayambumurthy, relieved Vamadeva of his curse. The sage immediately had a bath in the nearby spring, installed the Linga and worshipped. As Lord appeared under an Arasu tree, He is named Arasaleeswarar and the place Arasili. In the days that followed, the Shivalinga in the place had disappeared. The region was under the rule of Chalukya king Satyavradhan. He was a staunch Shiva devotee. He had no issues. He created a garden, installed another Shivalinga in the place and was worshipping. One day his servant found the plants without flowers and informed the matter. The king did not take it seriously. The servant had to repeat the news next day too. To catch the flower thief, the king closely watched the place in the wee hours and found that a deer was happily eating the flowers. The king was angry that an animal ate the flowers meant for Shiva Puja and shot an arrow. The deer escaped and hid in the hole in the Arasu tree. The king shot an arrow at the tree. The tree bled. The king thought that the animal was wounded and looked into the hole but found a Shivalinga only and not the deer. It was the Linga that disappeared long back. The king bowed before the bleeding Lord and sought His directions. Lord appeared before the king and said that the deer was but He. He blessed the king with children. The temple came into being with the efforts of the king.

Lord Shiva as a small swayambumrthi Linga graces the devotees under a Rudraksha (108 beads) Pandal – tent. The arrow scar on the Linga is still visible. Both as a mark of respect to the Lord and as if to cover the scar injury, a turban is tied on the Linga during the pujas. Saint Sambandar stayed here for a while and sang pathigams – set of 10 verses. Mother Perianayaki graces from a separate shrine facing south.

Sendamangalam

Lord Siva in the name of "Abath hayeswarar Temple" is located in the entrance of village. This temple is part of the Koperunchingan kadavarayan King fort and it was destroyed a few years ago. Now this is undertaken by Central government and development process is going on. This village is in NH 45 and next to Gedilam river when drive from Chennai.

Thirukoilur (derived from Tirukovilur)

Lord Vishnu in the name Thiruvikkrama Swamy & Vedavalli Thaayaar (Vaamana Avathaaram) temple is located in the center of this town. This temple comes under 108 Divya Desams.East of the town has the Sivan Temple situated on the banks of River Pennar. Near to the temple, in the river, there exists Kabilar (Saint) Kundru (tiny mountain).

Tirukoilur is one of the "Ashta Veeratanams" - eight and - Place of Bravery.

Tirukoilur is also a very regarded place for madhwas (followers of Dvaitha philosophy of Sri Madhwacharya). On the banks of River Pinakini, we can find the Moola brindavana of Sri Raghuutthama Teertha (1595 A.D) and Sri Satyapramoda Teertha (1997), very eminent pontiffs of the Uttaradi Mutt of Madhwa lineage. One of the famous Jyotir ling mutt of Sri Gnananda Tapovanam is on the Tirukoilur - Thiruvannamalai Road. This mutt was started by his holiness Sri Gnananda Swamigal and still continues to be thronged by pilgrims seeking his blessings.

Melmalaiyanur

Melmalaiyanur is famous for its Ankaala Parameswari temple which is thronged by devotees on no moon days.

Anniyur

Anniyur is famous for the two important temples of lord shiva and vishnu. They are located inside the village. The Saneeswaran statue inside the shiva temple is the important one.

Thiruvamathur

Thiruvamathur is a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. In this temple, the shrines of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvathi are opposite to each other. Because of this, this temple is believed to unite lovers.

Mailam

Mailam is famous for its Murugan temple atop a hilllock. It is located off the National Highway proceeding to Chennai from Villupuram and the nearest railway station is Mailam (on the Villupuram - Chennai Egmore railway line)

Kandachipuram

A Lord Shiva temple decorates Kandachipuram. The legend is that the Shivalingam is made up of sand and it was installed by Lord Rama during his tenure in the forest as depicted in the Hindu epic, the Ramayana.

Tiruvakkarai

Tiruvakkarai, a small peaceful village situated on the banks of a river is famous for its Vakkara Kali Amman temple. Full moon days are considered auspicious days to visit this temple. Also look out for the fossil wood park where century old trees have been transformed into rocks.

Alambadi Perumal Temple

There is a Perumal temple (Kundusatti Perumal) here. The legend is that the Perumal idol is nothing but a stone, which has Sangu-chakra inside it. The speciality of this stone is that it is a part of the Lord Venkatachalapathy idol at the Tirumala-Tirupati temple. So worship at this temple is considered the equivalent of going to the Tirumala-Tirupati temple.

Parikkal

A village located off the national highway proceeding to Tiruchirapalli from Villupuram is Parikkal, which is bad gayes living in this village famous for it Lakshmi Narasimhar temple. This is one of 108 divya desams of the Vaishnavas and one of the main temples for the madhwas. Also known as Thiruvahindrapuram.
sir,
This temple is our famaily temple in my mother side.. but it is not one of 108 divya desams of the Vaishnavas but Thiruvahindrapuram is one of 108 divya desams of the Vaishnavas
thank you
yours sincerelly
V.Padmanabhan

Perumpakkam

A village located 8 km away from Villupuram town. There is a temple for Sri Yoga Hayavadhanar and Sri Vedanthadesikar. http://www.dakshinaahobilam.info

Mr.Elangovan.S ADMK(chairman for kani ondriyam) house is situated in perumbakam.

A village located 14 km Villupuram to Thirukoilur road. There is a temple of Saneeswarar.It is very biggest stone to created Lord. It is one of the biggest of Asia. Villupuram - Mambalapattu - Saneeswarar Aalayam.

Siruvanthaadu

A village located 15 km away from Villupuram on the way towards Cuddalore. It hosts on of the famous Lakshmi Narashimhar temples in south India.

In Villupuram town, the kailasanathar Shiva temple and the Vaikundavasa Perumal temple are the main Hindu worship places.

Thiruvennainallur

A township located from Villupuram towards Tirukoilur. It hosts the famous Sundrar timed temple Kirubapureeswar temple.

Kalpattu

There is a famous Catholic Church dedicated to St. Paul the Hermit whose feast is celebrated every year on 8 August. Many people from all parts of the nation come here to receive the grace. The beauty of the church atmosphere is fantastic. This village has given birth to Rev.Dr.C.Vallabadhas. He is very much dedicated to educating the poor without considering the cast or creed. He has lot of fans from nearby villages mostly Hindus. He is really a great man and saint.He is known for his intellectual capacity, simplicity and openness. He is from a very poor but pious family. His parents (Mr.P. Chinnappan and Mrs. C. Mariaselvam)are very pious, hardworking, Helping minded.They brought up this wonderful boy so tremendously that he even gave break for his priesthood studies and dedicated five years of his young life to educate the village children without getting even a single penny.His parents supported this great cause. How great are they ! May God bless these simple souls! Many hindus still remember him. He is the first one to study abroad theology from the whole diocese. His ordination ceremony was participated by countless persons from all walks of life. He is a man of high dreams. Highly intellectual, musician, writer and very spiritual but totally different that is the reason there are so many rumors spread by some jealous people. But God is great and He is with him. One day the world will recognize this great man and award him the Noble Prize for his service to the humanity and the church will also recognize and feel proud of him. This village is really lucky to have him.

The Kalpattu 21 Feet Saneeswara Sannadhi was built to commemorate the 50th Maha Samadhi celebrations of Sri Swayam Prakasha Saraswathy Avadhutha Swamigal. Even today this tradition is upheld by Sri Swami Brahmmananda at Kalpattu Sri Swayam Prakasha Avadhutha Ashramam and there are no hundis or any commercial activities. Everything including accommodation is free in the Ashramam. Kalpattu R Narasimhan and family has given their life to this temple by performing various services even now. Since the inception from Nov 4, 1998 continuously free annadhanam is offered. All activities are purely through voluntary donations only. During every Sanipeyarchi (Saturn’s transit) more than 200,000 are fed with prasadhams. Swami Brahmmananda strongly believes charging money for darshan and food is a sin in a holy place like the ashramam.

Thimmalai

Thimmalai village is located 2 km away from the national highway salem to chennai.agriculture is occupation of thimmalai people.There is one middle school which name is Kuzhandaivel middle school.Ancient lord siva temple is located near the pond.Big lake is located which is main source for cultivation.
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