Victoria (or
Nao Victoria, as well as Vittoria) was a
SpanishSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
carrackA carrack or nau was a three- or four-masted sailing ship developed in the Atlantic Ocean in the 15th century by the Portuguese. It had a high rounded stern with an aftcastle and a forecastle and bowsprit at the stem...
and the first ship to successfully circumnavigate the world. The Victoria was part of a Spanish expedition under the
PortugueseThe Portuguese people are the ethnic group or nation native to the country of Portugal, in the far west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe...
commander,
Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan was a maritime navigator and explorer. Ferdinand Magellan was born circa 1480 at Sabrosa, near Vila Real, in the province of Tras-os-Montes, one of the wildest districts of Portugal...
, and was accompanied by four other ships. Of this fleet of five, Victoria
was the only ship to complete the voyage. Magellan himself was killed in the PhilippinesThe Philippines officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a country in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital city. It comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean....
. This ship, along with the four others, was given to Magellan by King Charles ICharles V was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I of Spain, of the Spanish realms from 1516 until his abdication in 1556...
of SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
.
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Victoria (or
Nao Victoria, as well as Vittoria) was a
SpanishSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
carrackA carrack or nau was a three- or four-masted sailing ship developed in the Atlantic Ocean in the 15th century by the Portuguese. It had a high rounded stern with an aftcastle and a forecastle and bowsprit at the stem...
and the first ship to successfully circumnavigate the world. The Victoria was part of a Spanish expedition under the
PortugueseThe Portuguese people are the ethnic group or nation native to the country of Portugal, in the far west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe...
commander,
Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan was a maritime navigator and explorer. Ferdinand Magellan was born circa 1480 at Sabrosa, near Vila Real, in the province of Tras-os-Montes, one of the wildest districts of Portugal...
, and was accompanied by four other ships. Of this fleet of five, Victoria
was the only ship to complete the voyage. Magellan himself was killed in the PhilippinesThe Philippines officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a country in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital city. It comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean....
. This ship, along with the four others, was given to Magellan by King Charles ICharles V was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I of Spain, of the Spanish realms from 1516 until his abdication in 1556...
of SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
. Victoria
was named after the church of Santa Maria de la Victoria de Triana, where Magellan took an oath of allegiance to Charles V in order to be granted full access to the Spice Islands.
The four other ships were Trinidad
(110 tons, crew 55), San Antonio
(120 tons, crew 60), Concepción
(90 tons, crew 45), and Santiago
(75 tons, crew 32). Trinidad
, Magellan's flagshipA flagship is the lead ship in a fleet of vessels, a designation given on account of being either the largest, fastest, newest, most heavily armed or, for publicity purposes, the best known. In military terms, it is a ship used by the commanding officer of a group of naval ships...
, Concepcion
, and Santiago
were wrecked or scuttleScuttling is the act of deliberately sinking a ship by allowing water to flow into the hull. This can be achieved in several ways – valves or hatches can be opened to the sea, or holes may be ripped into the hull with brute force or with explosives...
d; San Antonio
deserted the expedition before the Straits of Magellan and returned to Europe on her own.
Victoria
was rated a carrack or nao
(ship), as were all the others except Trinidad
, which was a caravelThis article is about the Caravel boat. For the carvel type of boat building, see Carvel .A caravel is a small, highly maneuverable, two- or three-masted lateen-rigged ship, created by the Portuguese and used by them as well as by the Spanish for long voyages of exploration from the 15th...
.
Crew
The voyage started with a crew of about 265 men. Of all these men, only eighteen returned alive on the Victoria. Many of the men died of malnutrition. Beginning the voyage, Luis De Mendoza was the captain of the ship, but after Magellan was killed, Juan Sebastian Del Cano (or Elcano) became captain for the remainder of the expedition. Seventeen other members of the expedition returned later.
Returning Crew
The eighteen who returned to
SevilleSeville is the artistic, cultural, and financial capital of southern Spain. It is the capital of Andalusia and of the province of Seville. It is situated on the plain of the River Guadalquivir, with an average elevation of above sea level. The inhabitants of the city are known as Sevillanos or...
in Victoria
.
- Juan Sebastián Elcano
Juan Sebastián Elcano was a Spanish Basque explorer who completed the first circumnavigation of the world.-Early life:...
, captain-general.
- Miguel de Rodas, boatswain
A boatswain , bo's'n, bos'n, or bosun is an unlicensed member of the deck department of a merchant ship. The boatswain supervises the other unlicensed members of the ship's deck department, and typically is not a watchstander, except on vessels with small crews...
(
contramaestre
) of Victoria
.
Francisco Albo, of Axio, boatswain of Trinidad
.
Juan de Acurio, of Bermeo, boatswain of the Concepcion
.
Martino de Judicibus, of Genoa, superintendent of Concepcion
.
Hernando de Bustamante, of Alcantara, barber of Concepcion
.
Juan de Zuvileta, of Baracaldo, page of Victoria
.
Miguel Sanchez, of Rodas, skilled seaman (marinero
) of Victoria
.
Nicholas the Greek, of Naples, marinero
of Victoria
.
Diego Gallego, of Bayonne, marinero
of the Victoria
.
Juan Rodriguez, of Seville, marinero
of the Trinidad
.
Antonio Rodriguez, of Huelva, marinero
of Trinidad
.
Francisco Rodriguez, of Seville (a Portuguese), marinero
of Concepcion
.
Juan de Arratia, of Bilbao, common sailor (grumete
) of Victoria
.
Vasco Gomez Gallego (a Portuguese), grumete
of Trinidad
.
Juan de Santandres, of Cueto, grumete
of Trinidad
.
Martin de Isaurraga, of Bermeo, grumete
of Concepcion.
The Chevalier Antonio PigafettaAntonio Pigafetta , was a Venetian scholar and traveller born in Vicenza. He travelled with the Portuguese captain Ferdinand Magellan and his Spanish crew on their trip to the Maluku Islands. During the voyage, he became a strict assistant of Magellano and kept an accurate journal which later...
, of Vicenza, passenger.
Out of all these survivors,
Antonio PigafettaAntonio Pigafetta , was a Venetian scholar and traveller born in Vicenza. He travelled with the Portuguese captain Ferdinand Magellan and his Spanish crew on their trip to the Maluku Islands. During the voyage, he became a strict assistant of Magellano and kept an accurate journal which later...
was the most significant because his journals supply most of the information known about the first expedition around the world.
Voyage
The long circumnavigation began in
SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
in 1519 and returned early September of 1522 after traveling 42,000 miles, 22,000 miles of which were unknown to the crew. On December 21, 1521, Victoria
sailed on alone because the other ships were either seized or were not able to make it because of the terrible conditions. During the course of the expedition, the fleet faced several harsh storms. This was evident because upon returning this ship was in terrible shape, with her sails torn and only kept afloat by continuous pumping out of water. Victoria managed to pull through and return to Spain with a shipload of spices.