Vedanga

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Vedanga

The Vedanga ( , "member of the Veda") are six auxiliary disciplines for the understanding and tradition of the Vedas

Vedas

The Vedas are a large body of texts originating in History of India. They form the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest Hindu scripture of Hinduism....
.

Shiksha
Shiksha

Shiksha is one of the six Vedangas, treating the traditional Hindu science of phonetics and phonology of Sanskrit.Its aim is the teaching of the correct pronunciation of the Vedas and mantras....
(): phonetics
Phonetics

Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that comprises the study of the sounds of human speech. It is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds , and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception....
and phonology
Phonology

Phonology is the systematic use of sound to encode meaning in any spoken human language, or the field of linguistics studying this use. Just as a language has syntax and vocabulary, it also has a phonology in the sense of a sound system....
(sandhi
Sandhi

Sandhi is a cover term for a wide variety of phonology processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries . Examples include the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words....
)
Chandas (): meter
Meter (poetry)

In poetry, the meter is the basic rhythm of a verse . Many traditional verse forms prescribe a specific verse meter, or a certain set of meters alternating in a particular order....
Vyakarana
Vyakarana

The Sanskrit grammatical tradition of is one of the six Vedanga disciplines. It has its roots in late Vedic India, and includes the famous work, ....
(): grammar
Grammar

Grammar is the field of linguistics that covers the conventions governing the use of any given natural language. It includes morphology and syntax, often complemented by phonetics, phonology, semantics, and pragmatics....
Nirukta
Nirukta

Nirukta is one of the six Vedanga disciplines of Hinduism, treating etymology, particularly of obscure words, especially those occurring in the Vedas....
(): etymology
Etymology

Etymology is the study of the roots and history of words; and how their form and meaning have changed over time.In languages with a long detailed history, etymology makes use of philology, the study of how words change from culture to culture over time....
Jyotisha
Jyotisha

is the Hindu system of astrology .Traditionally, it has three branches:* 'Siddhanta': , which is traditional Indian astronomy.* 'Samhita': also known as Medini Jyotisha , predicting important events based on analysis of astrological dynamics in a country's horoscope or general transit events such as war, earthquakes, poli...
(): astrology
Astrology

Astrology is a group of systems, traditions, and beliefs which hold that the relative positions of astronomical object and related details can provide useful information about personality, human affairs, and other terrestrial matters....
and astronomy
Astronomy

Astronomy is the science of Astronomical object and Phenomenon that originate outside the Earth's atmosphere . It is concerned with the evolution, physics, chemistry, meteorology, and motion of celestial objects, as well as the physical cosmology....
, dealing particularly with the auspicious days for performing sacrifices.
Kalpa (): ritual
Ritual

A ritual is a set of repeated actions, often thought to have symbolic value, the performance of which is usually prescribed by a religion or by the traditions of a community by religious or political laws because of the perceived efficacy of those actions....

Traditionally, vyakara?a and nirukta are shared across all four Vedas

Vedas

The Vedas are a large body of texts originating in History of India. They form the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest Hindu scripture of Hinduism....
, while each veda has its own sik?a, chandas, kalpa and jyoti?a.

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Encyclopedia

The Vedanga ( , "member of the Veda") are six auxiliary disciplines for the understanding and tradition of the Vedas

Vedas

The Vedas are a large body of texts originating in History of India. They form the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest Hindu scripture of Hinduism....
.

Shiksha
Shiksha

Shiksha is one of the six Vedangas, treating the traditional Hindu science of phonetics and phonology of Sanskrit.Its aim is the teaching of the correct pronunciation of the Vedas and mantras....
(): phonetics
Phonetics

Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that comprises the study of the sounds of human speech. It is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds , and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception....
and phonology
Phonology

Phonology is the systematic use of sound to encode meaning in any spoken human language, or the field of linguistics studying this use. Just as a language has syntax and vocabulary, it also has a phonology in the sense of a sound system....
(sandhi
Sandhi

Sandhi is a cover term for a wide variety of phonology processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries . Examples include the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words....
)
Chandas (): meter
Meter (poetry)

In poetry, the meter is the basic rhythm of a verse . Many traditional verse forms prescribe a specific verse meter, or a certain set of meters alternating in a particular order....
Vyakarana
Vyakarana

The Sanskrit grammatical tradition of is one of the six Vedanga disciplines. It has its roots in late Vedic India, and includes the famous work, ....
(): grammar
Grammar

Grammar is the field of linguistics that covers the conventions governing the use of any given natural language. It includes morphology and syntax, often complemented by phonetics, phonology, semantics, and pragmatics....
Nirukta
Nirukta

Nirukta is one of the six Vedanga disciplines of Hinduism, treating etymology, particularly of obscure words, especially those occurring in the Vedas....
(): etymology
Etymology

Etymology is the study of the roots and history of words; and how their form and meaning have changed over time.In languages with a long detailed history, etymology makes use of philology, the study of how words change from culture to culture over time....
Jyotisha
Jyotisha

is the Hindu system of astrology .Traditionally, it has three branches:* 'Siddhanta': , which is traditional Indian astronomy.* 'Samhita': also known as Medini Jyotisha , predicting important events based on analysis of astrological dynamics in a country's horoscope or general transit events such as war, earthquakes, poli...
(): astrology
Astrology

Astrology is a group of systems, traditions, and beliefs which hold that the relative positions of astronomical object and related details can provide useful information about personality, human affairs, and other terrestrial matters....
and astronomy
Astronomy

Astronomy is the science of Astronomical object and Phenomenon that originate outside the Earth's atmosphere . It is concerned with the evolution, physics, chemistry, meteorology, and motion of celestial objects, as well as the physical cosmology....
, dealing particularly with the auspicious days for performing sacrifices.
Kalpa (): ritual
Ritual

A ritual is a set of repeated actions, often thought to have symbolic value, the performance of which is usually prescribed by a religion or by the traditions of a community by religious or political laws because of the perceived efficacy of those actions....

Traditionally, vyakara?a and nirukta are shared across all four Vedas

Vedas

Mundaka Upanishad

The Upanishad is one of the older, "primary" Upanishads commented upon by Adi Shankara. It is associated with the Atharvaveda. It figures as number 5 in the Muktika canon of 108 Upanishads....
as topics to be observed by students of the Vedas. Later, they developed into independent disciplines, each with its own corpus of Sutra

Sutra

Sutra , literally means a rope or thread that holds things together, and more metaphorically refers to an aphorism , or a collection of such aphorisms in the form of a manual....
s.

Literature

Moritz Winternitz: Geschichte der Indischen Literatur, Leipzig, 1905 - 1922, Vol. I - III. English translation: History of Indian Literatur, Motilal Barnarsidass, Delhi, 1985, Vol I - III

External links

on the online Hindu Encyclopedia