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VESA Local Bus

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VESA Local Bus



 
 
The VESA Local Bus (usually abbreviated to VL-Bus or VLB) was mostly used in personal computers. VESA
VESA

VESA is an international standards body for computer graphics founded in the late 1980s by NEC Home Electronics and eight other video display adapter manufacturers....
 Local Bus worked alongside the ISA
Industry Standard Architecture

Industry Standard Architecture was a computer bus standard for IBM compatible computers....
 bus; it acted as a high-speed conduit for memory-mapped I/O
Memory-mapped I/O

Memory-mapped I/O and port I/O are two complementary methods of performing input/output between the Central processing unit and peripheral devices in a computer....
 and DMA
Direct memory access

Direct memory access is a feature of modern computers and microprocessors that allows certain hardware subsystems within the computer to access system Computer storage for reading and/or writing independently of the central processing unit....
, while the ISA bus handled interrupts and port-mapped I/O.

A VLB slot itself was an extension of an existing ISA slot.






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Vlb Svga
Vlb
The VESA Local Bus (usually abbreviated to VL-Bus or VLB) was mostly used in personal computers. VESA
VESA

VESA is an international standards body for computer graphics founded in the late 1980s by NEC Home Electronics and eight other video display adapter manufacturers....
 Local Bus worked alongside the ISA
Industry Standard Architecture

Industry Standard Architecture was a computer bus standard for IBM compatible computers....
 bus; it acted as a high-speed conduit for memory-mapped I/O
Memory-mapped I/O

Memory-mapped I/O and port I/O are two complementary methods of performing input/output between the Central processing unit and peripheral devices in a computer....
 and DMA
Direct memory access

Direct memory access is a feature of modern computers and microprocessors that allows certain hardware subsystems within the computer to access system Computer storage for reading and/or writing independently of the central processing unit....
, while the ISA bus handled interrupts and port-mapped I/O.

A VLB slot itself was an extension of an existing ISA slot. Indeed, either a VLB or an ISA card could be plugged into a VLB slot. The extended portion was usually colored a distinctive brown. This made VLB cards quite long, reminiscent of the ISA expansion cards from the old XT
IBM Personal Computer XT

The IBM Personal Computer XT, often shortened to the IBM XT or simply XT, was IBM's successor to the original IBM Personal Computer....
 days (which were long because of low component density and high chip count requiring more printed circuit board space, rather than because of a long edge connector.) The addition resembled a PCI slot, and indeed VLB and PCI use the same physical connector. The length of a VLB slot led to an alternate expansion of the acronym: Very Long Bus.

The VESA Local Bus was designed as a stopgap solution to the problem of the ISA bus's limited bandwidth
Bandwidth (computing)

In computer networking and computer science, digital bandwidth, network bandwidth or just bandwidth is a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it ....
. VLB had several flaws that served to limit its useful life substantially:

  • 80486 dependence. The VESA Local Bus relied heavily on the Intel 80486
    Intel 80486

    The Intel i486, otherwise known as the 80486, was the first tightly pipeline x86 design. Introduced in 1989, it was also the first x86 chip to use more than a million transistors, due to a large on-chip cache and an integrated floating point unit....
     CPU's memory bus design. When the Pentium
    Pentium

    Introduced on March 22, 1993, the original Pentium was the first superscalar x86 architecture microprocessor. Its fifth-generation x86 microarchitecture was a direct extension of the 80486 architecture with dual integer pipeline s, a faster FPU unit, wider data bus, and features for further reduced address calculation latency....
     processor started to gain mass acceptance, circa 1995, there were major differences in its bus design, and the VESA Local Bus was not easily adaptable. This also made moving the bus to non-x86
    X86 architecture

    The generic term x86 refers to the most commercially successful instruction set architecture in the history of personal computing. It derived from the model numbers, ending in "86", of the first few processor generations Backward compatibility with the original Intel 8086....
     architectures nearly impossible. Few Pentium motherboards with VLB slots were ever made.


  • Limited number of slots available. Most PCs that used VESA Local Bus had only one or two slots available, as opposed to 5 or 6 ISA slots. This was because, as a direct branch of the 80486 memory bus, the VESA Local Bus did not have the electrical ability to drive more than 1 or 2 (or 3 at the most) cards at a time.


  • Reliability problems. The same electrical problems that limited the VESA Local Bus to 2 or 3 slots also limited its reliability. Glitches between cards were common, especially on low-end motherboard
    Motherboard

    A motherboard is the central printed circuit board in some complex electronic systems, such as modern personal computers. The motherboard is sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, or, on Apple Inc....
    s, and when important devices such as hard disk
    Hard disk

    A hard disk drive , commonly referred to as a hard drive, hard disk, or fixed disk drive, is a non-volatile storage device which stores digitally encoded data on rapidly rotating hard disk platters with magnetic surfaces....
     controllers were attached to the bus, there was the all-too-common possibility of massive data corruption
    Data corruption

    Data corruption refers to errors in computer data that occur during transmission or retrieval, introducing unintended changes to the original data....
    .


  • Installation woes. The length of the slot and number of pins made VLB cards notoriously difficult to install and remove. The sheer mechanical effort required was stressful to both the card and the motherboard, and breakages were not uncommon. This was compounded by the extended length of the card logic board; often there was not enough room in the PC case to angle the card into the slot, requiring it to be pushed with great force straight down into the slot. To avoid excessive flexing of the motherboard during this action, the chassis and motherboard had to be designed with good, relatively closely spaced supports for the motherboard, which was not always the case. Also, to avoid excessive localized stress the person inserting the board had to distribute the downward force evenly across its top edge, which was not always the case, and of which ideal that person was not always aware.


Despite these problems, the VESA Local Bus was very commonplace on 486 motherboards. Probably a majority of 486-based systems had a VESA Local Bus video card, although early 486 systems never had VLB slots, as VLB debuted years after the introduction of the 486 processor.

By 1996, the Pentium (driven by Intel's Triton chipset
List of Intel chipsets

This is a list of motherboard chipsets made by Intel. It is divided into three main categories: those that use the Peripheral Component Interconnect bus for interconnection , those that connect using specialized "Hub Links" and those that connect using PCI Express ....
 and PCI
Peripheral Component Interconnect

The PCI Local Bus , or Conventional PCI, is a computer bus for attaching computer hardware in a computer. These devices can take either the form of an integrated circuit fitted onto the motherboard itself, called a planar device in the PCI specification or an expansion card that fits into a socket....
 architecture) had eliminated the 80486 market and the VESA Local Bus with it. Many of the last 80486 motherboards made have PCI slots in addition to (or completely replacing) the VLB slots.

Ron McCabe who founded MiraLink Corporation helped invent the VESA local bus.

Technical data


Vlb Pins
Bus width 32 bits
Compatible with 8 bit ISA, 16 bit ISA, VLB
Pin
Pin

A pin is a device used for fastening objects or material together.Pin may also refer to:* Award pin, a small piece of metal or plastic with a pin attached given as an award for some achievement...
s
112
Vcc
VCC

VCC is a three-letter acronym that may mean:* IC power supply pin , plus collector supply line voltage in a common NPN circuit.* Vale of Catmose College, an arts college in England...
+5 V
Clock 486SX-25: 25 MHz
486DX2-50: 25 MHz
486DX-33: 33 MHz
486DX2-66: 33 MHz
486DX4-100: 33 MHz
486DX-40: 40 MHz
486DX2-80: 40 MHz
486DX4-120: 40 MHz
5x86@133 MHz: 33 MHz
5x86@160 MHz: 40 Mhz
486DX-50: 50 MHz (out of specification)


See also

  • Industry Standard Architecture
    Industry Standard Architecture

    Industry Standard Architecture was a computer bus standard for IBM compatible computers....
      (ISA)
  • Extended Industry Standard Architecture
    Extended Industry Standard Architecture

    The Extended Industry Standard Architecture is a bus standard for IBM compatible computers. It was announced in late 1988 by IBM PC compatible vendors as a counter to IBM's use of its Proprietary software MicroChannel Architecture in its IBM Personal System/2 series....
     (EISA)
  • Micro Channel architecture
    Micro Channel architecture

    Micro Channel Architecture was a proprietary hardware 16-bit or 32-bit parallel communications computer bus created by International Business Machines in the 1980s for use on their new IBM Personal System/2 computers....
     (MCA)
  • NuBus
    NuBus

    NuBus is a 32-bit series and parallel circuits#Parallel circuits computer bus, originally developed at MIT as a part of the NuMachine workstation project....
  • Peripheral Component Interconnect
    Peripheral Component Interconnect

    The PCI Local Bus , or Conventional PCI, is a computer bus for attaching computer hardware in a computer. These devices can take either the form of an integrated circuit fitted onto the motherboard itself, called a planar device in the PCI specification or an expansion card that fits into a socket....
     (PCI)
  • Accelerated Graphics Port
    Accelerated Graphics Port

    The Accelerated Graphics Port is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a :Category:Graphics cards to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics....
     (AGP)
  • PCI Express
    PCI Express

    Peripheral Component Interconnect Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI Local Bus, PCI-X, and Accelerated Graphics Port standards....
     (PCIe)
  • List of device bandwidths
    List of device bandwidths

    This is a list of device bandwidths: the net bit rate of some computer devices employing methods of data transport is quantified in units of kilobits per second , megabits per second , or gigabits per second as appropriate....
     (A useful listing of device bandwidths that include VLB)