Uttaramadra
Encyclopedia
The Uttaramadra was the northern branch of the Madra
people who are numerously referenced in ancient Sanskrit
and Pali
literature.
In Aitareya Brahmana
(VIII.14), the Uttarakuru
and the Uttaramadra tribe
s are stated to be living beyond Himalaya. Aitareya Brahmana also adduces these two people as an example of republican (vairajiya) janapadas
or nations, where whole Janapada took the consecration of rulership.
The Vamsa Brahmana (1/18)http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/ind/aind/ved/sv/vb/vb.htm of the Sama Veda refers to Madrakara Shaungayani as the teacher of Aupamanyava Kamboja. Sage Shangayani Madrakara, as his name itself shows, and as the scholars have rightly pointed out, belonged to the Madra
people. This connection between the Uttaramadras and the Kambojas is but natural, as they were close neighbors in the north-west (Vedic Index)).
Jean Przylusky has shown that Bahlika (Balkh) was an Iran
ian settlement of the Madras who were known as Bahlika-Uttaramadras.
The Kambojas, the neighbors of the Uttaramadras, here obviously refers to the Parama-Kambojas
branch the Kambojas located in Trans-Hindukush regions.
From the fact that Kamboja Aupamanyava is stated to be pupil of sage
Shangayani Madrakara, scholars like A. B. Keith and A. A. Macdonell of the Vedic Index as well as H. Zimmer and others postulate a possible connection of the Uttaramadras with the Kambojas
who are stated to have had both Iran
ian as well as India
n affinities.
Zimmer, Ludwig, B. C. Law, A. D. Pusalkar and others think that Kamboja Aupamanyava was the son or descendant of sage Upamanyu
of the Rig Veda (I.102.9).
Madra
Madra, Mada or Madraka is the name of an ancient region and its inhabitants, located in the north-west division of the ancient Indian sub-continent.-Uttaramadra division:...
people who are numerously referenced in ancient Sanskrit
Sanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
and Pali
Páli
- External links :* *...
literature.
In Aitareya Brahmana
Aitareya Brahmana
The Aitareya Brahmana is the Brahmana of the Shakala shakha of the Rigveda, an ancient Indian collection of sacred hymns. This work, according to the tradition is ascribed to Mahidasa Aitareya.-Contents:...
(VIII.14), the Uttarakuru
Uttarakuru
Uttarakuru is the name of a dvipa in ancient Hindu and Buddhist mythology. The Uttarakuru country and its people are sometimes described as belonging to the real world, whereas at other times they are mythical or otherworldly spiritual beings.-Vedic literature:Aitareya Brahmana makes first...
and the Uttaramadra tribe
Tribe
A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally, consists of a social group existing before the development of, or outside of, states.Many anthropologists use the term tribal society to refer to societies organized largely on the basis of kinship, especially corporate descent groups .Some theorists...
s are stated to be living beyond Himalaya. Aitareya Brahmana also adduces these two people as an example of republican (vairajiya) janapadas
Janapadas
The Janapadas were the major realms or kingdoms of Vedic India which, by the 6th century BC, evolved into the sixteen classical Mahajanapadas.-Etymology:...
or nations, where whole Janapada took the consecration of rulership.
- tasmad atasyam udichya dishi ye ke ca pren himvantam janapada uttarakurva uttaramadra
- iti vairajyaya te.abhishichyante
- — (Aitareya Brahmana, VIII/14)
The Vamsa Brahmana (1/18)http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/ind/aind/ved/sv/vb/vb.htm of the Sama Veda refers to Madrakara Shaungayani as the teacher of Aupamanyava Kamboja. Sage Shangayani Madrakara, as his name itself shows, and as the scholars have rightly pointed out, belonged to the Madra
Madra
Madra, Mada or Madraka is the name of an ancient region and its inhabitants, located in the north-west division of the ancient Indian sub-continent.-Uttaramadra division:...
people. This connection between the Uttaramadras and the Kambojas is but natural, as they were close neighbors in the north-west (Vedic Index)).
Jean Przylusky has shown that Bahlika (Balkh) was an Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
ian settlement of the Madras who were known as Bahlika-Uttaramadras.
The Kambojas, the neighbors of the Uttaramadras, here obviously refers to the Parama-Kambojas
Kambojas
The Kambojas were a kshatriya tribe of Iron Age India, frequently mentioned in Sanskrit and Pali literature.They were an Indo-Iranian tribe situated at the boundary of the Indo-Aryans and the Iranians, and appear to have moved from the Iranian into the Indo-Aryan sphere over time.The Kambojas...
branch the Kambojas located in Trans-Hindukush regions.
From the fact that Kamboja Aupamanyava is stated to be pupil of sage
Wise old man
The wise old man is an archetype as described by Carl Jung, as well as a classic literary figure, and may be seen as a stock character...
Shangayani Madrakara, scholars like A. B. Keith and A. A. Macdonell of the Vedic Index as well as H. Zimmer and others postulate a possible connection of the Uttaramadras with the Kambojas
Kambojas
The Kambojas were a kshatriya tribe of Iron Age India, frequently mentioned in Sanskrit and Pali literature.They were an Indo-Iranian tribe situated at the boundary of the Indo-Aryans and the Iranians, and appear to have moved from the Iranian into the Indo-Aryan sphere over time.The Kambojas...
who are stated to have had both Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
ian as well as India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
n affinities.
Zimmer, Ludwig, B. C. Law, A. D. Pusalkar and others think that Kamboja Aupamanyava was the son or descendant of sage Upamanyu
Upamanyu
Upamanyu is the name of a Hindu rishi, the traditional author of hymn 1.102.9 of the Rig Veda.The historian B. C. Law, writing in the 1920s, supposed that Upamanyu was the father of Kamboja Aupamanyava referred to in the Vamsa Brahmana of the Sama Veda....
of the Rig Veda (I.102.9).