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Urticaceae

 
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Urticaceae
 
 
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Urticaceae, or the nettle family, is a family
Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is a taxonomic rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Codes which applies....
 of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s. The family name comes from the genus Urtica (nettles). Urticaceae includes a number of well-known, interesting and useful plants, including genus Urtica (nettles), Boehmeria nivea (ramie), Pipturus albidus
Pipturus albidus

Pipturus albidus, commonly called mamaki, is a plant related to the nettles. It is grown in remote areas throughout the Hawaiian islands for its leaves, which are used to produce a Herbal Tea, also called mamaki....
 (mamaki), and Debregeasia saeneb (ajlai).

The family counts more or less 2600 species, grouped into 54 to 79 genera, according to the database of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, usually referred to simply as Kew Gardens, are extensive gardens and Greenhouses between Richmond, London and Kew in southwest London, England....
.






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Urticaceae, or the nettle family, is a family
Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is a taxonomic rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Codes which applies....
 of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s. The family name comes from the genus Urtica (nettles). Urticaceae includes a number of well-known, interesting and useful plants, including genus Urtica (nettles), Boehmeria nivea (ramie), Pipturus albidus
Pipturus albidus

Pipturus albidus, commonly called mamaki, is a plant related to the nettles. It is grown in remote areas throughout the Hawaiian islands for its leaves, which are used to produce a Herbal Tea, also called mamaki....
 (mamaki), and Debregeasia saeneb (ajlai).

The family counts more or less 2600 species, grouped into 54 to 79 genera, according to the database of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, usually referred to simply as Kew Gardens, are extensive gardens and Greenhouses between Richmond, London and Kew in southwest London, England....
. The largest genera are Pilea
Pilea

Pilea with 600?715 species is the largest genus in the plant family Urticaceae and one of the larger genus in the Urticales and Eudicot Rosids....
 (500 to 715 species), Elatostema (300 species), Urtica (80 species), and Cecropia
Cecropia

Cecropia is a genus of about 25 species of trees in the nettle family . They are native to the tropical Americas, where they form one of the most recognisable components of the rainforest....
 (75 species).

Urticaceae can be found worldwide, apart from the polar regions.

Taxonomy


APG II system
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group

The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, or APG, refers to two international groups of systematic botany who came together to try to establish a consensus view of the taxonomy of flowering plants that would reflect new knowledge in angiosperm relationships based upon molecular systematics studies....
 puts Urticaceae in order Rosales, while older system consider it part of Urticales
Urticales

Urticales is a botanical name for what used to be an order of flowering plants. This order was recognized in many, perhaps even most, list of systems of plant taxonomy, with some variations in wiktionary: cirumscription....
, along with Ulmaceae
Ulmaceae

Ulmaceae is a family of flowering plants that includes the elms , and the zelkovas . Members of the family are widely distributed throughout the Temperate, and have a scattered distribution elsewhere except for Australasia....
, Moraceae
Moraceae

Morus-alba.jpgMoraceae ? often called the mulberry family or fig family ? is a family of flowering plants comprising about 40 genera and over 1000 species....
 and Cannabaceae
Cannabaceae

Cannabaceae is a small family of flowering plants.According to the Royal Botanical Gardens database, there are 170 species grouped in nine to fifteen genera, including three well-known genera Cannabis , Hop and Hackberry ....
. APG still considers "old" Urticales a monophyletic group, but does not recognise it as an order on its own.

Description


Urticaceae can be shrubs (e.g. Pilea), lianas, herbs (e.g. Urtica. Parietaria), or, rarely, trees (e.g. Dendrocnide, Cecropia).

Leaves
Leaves

Leaves are an Iceland five-piece alternative rock band who formed in 2001. They came to prominence in 2002 with their debut album, Breathe, drawing comparisons to groups such as Coldplay and Doves....
 are usually entire and bear stipule
Stipule

In botany, stipule is a term coined by Carolus Linnaeus which refers to outgrowths borne on either side of the base of a leafstalk . A pair of stipules is considered part of the anatomy of the leaf of a typical flowering plant, although in many species the stipules are inconspicuous or entirely absent ....
s. Urticating hairs are often present.

Urticaceae have usually unisexual flowers and can be both monoecious
Plant sexuality

Plant sexuality covers the wide variety of sexual reproduction systems found across the plant kingdom. This article describes Morphology aspects of sexual reproduction of plants....
 or dioecious
Plant sexuality

Plant sexuality covers the wide variety of sexual reproduction systems found across the plant kingdom. This article describes Morphology aspects of sexual reproduction of plants....
. They are pollinated by the wind. Most disperse their pollen
Pollen

Pollen is a fine to coarse powder consisting of Gametophyte , which produce the male gametes of spermatophyta. A hard coat covering the pollen grain protects the sperm cells during the process of their movement between the stamens of the flower to the pistil of the next flower....
 when the stamen
Stamen

The stamen is the male organ of a flower. Each stamen generally has a stalk called the filament , and, on top of the filament, an anther , and pollen sacs, called sporangium....
s are mature and their filaments straighten explosively: a peculiar and conspicuously specialised mechanism.

Genera

  • Aboriella
    Aboriella

    Aboriella is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Urticaceae, native to the eastern Himalaya, in the Abor Hills. The sole species is Aboriella myriantha....
  • Achudemia
    Achudemia

    Achudemia is a genus of plants belonging to the family Urticaceae. It is sometimes also treated as a section of the genus Pilea....
  • Archiboehmeria
  • Astrothalamus
  • Australina
  • Boehmeria
    Boehmeria

    Boehmeria is a genus of about 100 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae, native to Asia. The species include herbaceous perennial plants, shrubs and small trees....
  • Cecropia
    Cecropia

    Cecropia is a genus of about 25 species of trees in the nettle family . They are native to the tropical Americas, where they form one of the most recognisable components of the rainforest....
  • Chamabainia
  • Coussapoa
  • Cypholophus
  • Debregeasia
  • Dendrocnide
    Dendrocnide

    Dendrocnide is a genus of 37 species of shrub to large tree in the nettle family Urticaceae. They have a wide distribution across South-East Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands....
  • Didymodoxa
  • Discocnide
  • Droguetia
  • Elatostema
  • Forsskaolea
    Forsskaolea

    Forsskaolea is a small genus of 6 species of perennial herbs in the Urticaceae with non-stinging hairs and dot-like concretions of mineral matter on their green parts....
  • Gesnouinia
  • Gibbsia
  • Girardinia
  • Laportea
    Laportea

    Laportea is a genus of plants in the family Urticaceae, named after French naturalist Fran?ois Louis de la Porte, comte de Castelnau.They are herbaceous plant, either annual or perennial....
  • Lecanthus
  • Leucosyke
  • Maoutia
  • Meniscogyne
  • Myriocarpa
    Myriocarpa

    Myriocarpa is a genus of woody shrubs to small trees Endemism to Central America and South America. Within the Urticaceae Myriocarpa is characterized by long pendulous string-like female inflorescences of apparently naked flowers and stems releasing a watery latex when cut....
  • Nanocnide
  • Neodistemon
  • Neraudia
    Neraudia

    Neraudia is a genus of plant in family Urticaceae.Species include:* Neraudia melastomifolia, Gaud.* Neraudia ovata, Gaud....
  • Nothocnide
  • Obetia
  • Oreocnide
  • Parietaria
    Parietaria

    Parietaria is a genus of 20?30 species of flowering plants in the family Urticaceae, native to temperate and tropical regions across the world....
  • Pellionia
    Pellionia

    Pellionia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Urticaceae....
  • Petelotiella
  • Phenax
  • Pilea
    Pilea

    Pilea with 600?715 species is the largest genus in the plant family Urticaceae and one of the larger genus in the Urticales and Eudicot Rosids....
  • Pipturus
    Pipturus

    Pipturus is a plant genus in the nettle family Urticaceae.Species include:* Pipturus albidus - Mamaki* Pipturus arborescens*     Pipturus forbesii...
  • Poulzolzia
  • Procris
  • Rousselia
  • Sarcochlamys
  • Sarcopilea
  • Soleirolia
  • Touchardia
  • Urera
    Urera

    Urera is a genus of Flowering plant shrubs, trees and vines in the nettle family, Urticaceae. Urera is characterized by fleshy fruits , the presence of paintbrush-like stigmas, glabrous pistillodes, and hairs with bulbed bases, that in some species are stinging....
  • Urtica - nettle


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