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Upper German is a family of High German
High German languages

The High German languages are any of the variety of German language, Luxembourgish language and Yiddish language, as well as the local German dialects spoken in central and southern Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Luxembourg and in neighbouring portions of Belgium, France , Italy, and Poland....
 dialect
Dialect

A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class....
s spoken primarily in southern Germany
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
, Austria
Austria

Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west....
, Switzerland
Switzerland

Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....
 and Northern Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
.








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Upper German is a family of High German
High German languages

The High German languages are any of the variety of German language, Luxembourgish language and Yiddish language, as well as the local German dialects spoken in central and southern Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Luxembourg and in neighbouring portions of Belgium, France , Italy, and Poland....
 dialect
Dialect

A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class....
s spoken primarily in southern Germany
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
, Austria
Austria

Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west....
, Switzerland
Switzerland

Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....
 and Northern Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
.

Family tree

Upper German can be generally classified as Alemannic
Alemannic German

Alemannic German is a group of dialects of the Upper German branch of the Germanic language. It is spoken by approximately ten million people in six countries, including southern Germany, Switzerland, France, Austria, Liechtenstein, and Italy....
 or Austro-Bavarian. However, there are several dialect
Dialect

A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class....
s in these two groups besides the more widespread versions of Alemannic and Austro-Bavarian.

  • Franconian German (transition between Central
    Central German

    Central German is a group of High German languages dialects spread from the Rhineland to Thuringia, south of Low German and Low Franconian and north of Upper German....
     and Upper German)
    • East Franconian German
      East Franconian German

      East Franconian is a dialect which is spoken in Bavaria and other areas in Germany around Bamberg, Coburg, W?rzburg, Hof and Bayreuth. East Franconian has elements of central German and Upper German....
       (G: , numbered 1 on the map, right)
      • Main-Franconian
        Main-Franconian

        Main-Franconian is group of German dialects being part of the East Franconian German group. The name is derived from the river Main which meets the river Rhine near Frankfurt after having crossed the former West Germany from East to West....
         (G: )
    • South Franconian German
      South Franconian German

      South Franconian is a dialect which is spoken in Baden in Germany around Karlsruhe, Pforzheim and Rastatt. South Franconian has elements of central German and Upper German....
       (G: , numbered 2)
  • Alemannic German
    Alemannic German

    Alemannic German is a group of dialects of the Upper German branch of the Germanic language. It is spoken by approximately ten million people in six countries, including southern Germany, Switzerland, France, Austria, Liechtenstein, and Italy....
     (G: )3
    • Swabian German
      Swabian German

      Swabian is one of the Alemannic German dialects of High German languages, spoken in the region of Swabia. Swabia covers much of Germany's southwestern Bundesland of Baden-W?rttemberg and the southwest of the Bundesland Bavaria....
       (G: , spoken mostly in Swabia
      Swabia

      Swabia, Suabia, or Svebia is both a historic and linguistics region in Germany. Swabia consists of much of the present-day state of Baden-W?rttemberg , as well as the Bavarian Swabia ....
      , numbered 3)
    • Low Alemannic German
      Low Alemannic German

      Low Alemannic is a branch of Alemannic German and belongs to the German language, even though they are only partly intelligible to German speakers....
       (G: , numbered 4)
      • Alsatian
        Alsatian language

        Alsatian is a Low Alemannic German dialect spoken in most of Alsace, a region in eastern France which has passed between French and Germany control many times....
         (Al & G: , spoken in Alsace
        Alsace

        Alsace is the fourth-smallest of the 26 regions of France in land area , and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the sixth-most densely populated region in France , with 222 inhabitants per km? ....
        , France
        France

        France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
        , numbered 5)
      • Alemán Coloniero
        Alemán Coloniero

        Alem?n Coloniero, spoken in Colonia Tovar, Venezuela, is a dialect that belongs to the Low Alemannic German branch of German language.The language, like other Alemannic German is not mutually intelligible with German language#Standard German, is spoken by descendants of Germans from the Black Forest region of Southern Baden, who emigrated t...
         (G & , spoken in Venezuela
        Venezuela

        Venezuela , officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a country on the northern coast of South America.The country comprises a continental mainland and numerous islands located off the Venezuelan coastline in the Caribbean Sea....
        )
      • Basel German
        Basel German

        Basel German or Baseldytsch is the dialect of the city of Basel, Switzerland. Among the Swiss German dialects, it is the only Low Alemannic German one....
         (Baseldytsch: , G: )
    • High Alemannic German
      High Alemannic German

      High Alemannic is a branch of Alemannic German and is considered a German dialect, even though they are only partly intelligible to non-Alemannic German speakers....
       (Al & G: , numbered 6)
      • Bernese German
        Bernese German

        Bernese German is the dialect of High Alemannic German spoken in the Swiss plateau part of the canton of Bern and in some neighbouring regions....
         (Bernese: , G: )
      • Zürich German
        Zürich German

        Z?rich German, or Z?rit??tsch is the dialect of High Alemannic German spoken in the Canton of Z?rich, Switzerland.It is divided in six sub-dialects, covering the entire Canton with the exception of the parts north of the Thur and the Rhine....
         (G: , Zürich German: )
    • Highest Alemannic German
      Highest Alemannic German

      Highest Alemannic is a branch of Alemannic German and belongs to the German language, even though mutual intelligibility with Standard German and other non-Alemannic German dialects is very limited....
       (Al & G: , numbered 6)
      • Walliser German
        Walliser German

        The Walliser German is a group of Highest Alemannic German dialects spoken in Switzerland, specifically in the German-speaking part of the Canton of Valais , in the uppermost Rh?ne River valley....
         (G: Walliser German: Wallisertitsch, spoken in the Wallis Canton
        Valais

        The Valais is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland in the southwestern part of Switzerland, around the valley of the Rh?ne from its headwaters to Lake Geneva, separating the Pennine Alps from the Bernese Alps....
         of Switzerland
        Switzerland

        Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....
        )
        • Walser German
          Walser German

          The Walser language, in German language Walserdeutsch, is a group of Highest Alemannic German dialects spoken in Walser settlements in parts of Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, and Austria....
           (G: )
  • Austro-Bavarian
    Austro-Bavarian

    Austro-Bavarian or Bavarian is a major group of Upper German variety . Like standard German, Austro-Bavarian is a High German languages, but they are not the same language....
     (A-B: , G: , spoken in Austria
    Austria

    Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west....
    , Alto Adige/Südtirol, Italy, and in Bavaria
    Bavaria

    Bavaria , with an area of and almost 12.5 million inhabitants, is a region located in the southeast of Germany and is the largest States of Germany of Germany by area....
    , Germany)
    • Northern Austro-Bavarian
      Northern Austro-Bavarian

      Northern Austro-Bavarian is a dialect of German language, mostly spoken in the Upper Palatinate. Its most prominent characteristics are the reversed diphthongs . It is the northern branch of Austro-Bavarian....
       (A-B: , G: , spoken in Upper Palatinate
      Upper Palatinate

      The Upper Palatinate is one of the seven Regierungsbezirks of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of Bavaria. It is subdivided into two regions - Oberpfalz-Nord and Regensburg....
      , Bavaria, numbered 7)
    • Central Austro-Bavarian
      Central Austro-Bavarian

      The Central Austro-Bavarian Germanic languages dialects forming a subgroup of the Austro-Bavarian dialects. The subgroup covers all dialects spoken along the rivers Isar and Danube, on the northern side of the Alps....
       (A-B: , G: , spoken in Bavaria and Austria, numbered 8)
    • Southern Austro-Bavarian
      Southern Austro-Bavarian

      Southern Austro-Bavarian is a term describing Germanic languages dialects which are part of the Austro-Bavarian group. They are spoken in Tyrol , Province of Bolzano-Bozen, Carinthia , Styria , and the southern parts of the states of Salzburg and Burgenland....
       (A-B: , G: , spoken in Austria and Alto Adige/Südtirol, Italy)
    • Cimbrian
      Cimbrian language

      Cimbrian refers to any of several local Upper German dialects spoken in northeastern Italy. This area was settled in about the year 1000 BC by people coming from an area between Bavaria and Tirol, Italy , and since then it was isolated from other German speaking areas, politically and linguistically....
       (G: , , spoken in northeastern Italy
      Italy

      Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
      )
    • Mócheno (It: , spoken in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, in Italy)
    • Hutterite German
      Hutterite German

      Hutterite German is an Upper German dialect of the Austro-Bavarian German variety of the German language, which is spoken by Hutterite communities in Canada and the United States....
       (G: , spoken in Canada
      Canada

      Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
       and the United States
      United States

      The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
      )