The
University of Évora (
Universidade de Évora) is a
public universityA public university is a university that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government, as opposed to private universities...
in
ÉvoraÉvora is a municipality in Portugal. It has total area of 1,307.0 km² with a population of 553,619 inhabitants. It is the seat of the Évora District and capital of the Alentejo region. The municipality is composed of 19 civil parishes, and is located in Évora District.It contains the city of...
,
PortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east...
.
The University of Évora, the second oldest in Portugal, was founded in the 16
th century (1559) by
Cardinal Infante Dom HenriqueHenry, Cardinal-King of Portugal or Henrique the Chaste was the seventeenth King of Portugal and the Algarves. He ruled between 1578 and 1580....
(the future king of Portugal), and by the
Pope Paul IVPope Paul IV , né Giovanni Pietro Carafa, was Pope from 23 May 1555 until his death.Giovanni Pietro Carafa was born in Capriglia Irpina, near Avellino, into a prominent noble family of Naples...
, and it was delivered to the
Society of JesusThe Society of Jesus is a Catholic religious order of clerks regular whose members are called Jesuits.Jesuits are the largest male religious order in the Catholic Church, with 18,815 members—13,305 priests, 2,295 scholastic students, 1,758 brothers and 827 novices—as of January 2008, although the...
.
The Jesuit
collegeCollege is a term most often used today to denote degree awarding tertiary educational institution. More broadly, it can be the name of any group of colleagues, for example, an electoral college, a College of Arms or the College of Cardinals...
(
Colégio do Espírito Santo) in Évora operated between 1559 and 1759. In this year and as a consequence of the Jesuit expulsion promoted by the Minister of the Kingdom
Marquis of PombalSebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquis of Pombal Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquis of Pombal Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquis of Pombal ((Marquês de Pombal, ; 13 May 1699 15 May 1782) was an 18th...
, it was closed.
The
Colégio do Espírito Santo became famed as a centre of learning and rivalled the
University of CoimbraThe University of Coimbra is a Portuguese public university in Coimbra, Portugal. It is one of the oldest universities in continuous operation in Europe and the world, the oldest university of Portugal, and one of its largest higher education and research institutions...
.
Discussion
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The
University of Évora (
Universidade de Évora) is a
public universityA public university is a university that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government, as opposed to private universities...
in
ÉvoraÉvora is a municipality in Portugal. It has total area of 1,307.0 km² with a population of 553,619 inhabitants. It is the seat of the Évora District and capital of the Alentejo region. The municipality is composed of 19 civil parishes, and is located in Évora District.It contains the city of...
,
PortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east...
.
History
The University of Évora, the second oldest in Portugal, was founded in the 16
th century (1559) by
Cardinal Infante Dom HenriqueHenry, Cardinal-King of Portugal or Henrique the Chaste was the seventeenth King of Portugal and the Algarves. He ruled between 1578 and 1580....
(the future king of Portugal), and by the
Pope Paul IVPope Paul IV , né Giovanni Pietro Carafa, was Pope from 23 May 1555 until his death.Giovanni Pietro Carafa was born in Capriglia Irpina, near Avellino, into a prominent noble family of Naples...
, and it was delivered to the
Society of JesusThe Society of Jesus is a Catholic religious order of clerks regular whose members are called Jesuits.Jesuits are the largest male religious order in the Catholic Church, with 18,815 members—13,305 priests, 2,295 scholastic students, 1,758 brothers and 827 novices—as of January 2008, although the...
.
The Jesuit
collegeCollege is a term most often used today to denote degree awarding tertiary educational institution. More broadly, it can be the name of any group of colleagues, for example, an electoral college, a College of Arms or the College of Cardinals...
(
Colégio do Espírito Santo) in Évora operated between 1559 and 1759. In this year and as a consequence of the Jesuit expulsion promoted by the Minister of the Kingdom
Marquis of PombalSebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquis of Pombal Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquis of Pombal Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquis of Pombal ((Marquês de Pombal, ; 13 May 1699 15 May 1782) was an 18th...
, it was closed.
The
Colégio do Espírito Santo became famed as a centre of learning and rivalled the
University of CoimbraThe University of Coimbra is a Portuguese public university in Coimbra, Portugal. It is one of the oldest universities in continuous operation in Europe and the world, the oldest university of Portugal, and one of its largest higher education and research institutions...
. Among its eminent theologians and philosophers were Luis de Molina (1535-1600), Pedro de Fonseca (1528-1599), St. Francisco de Borja, St. João de Brito, Manuel Álvares. Several prelates of the Portuguese Empire were trained at this university: D. Afonso Mendes, Patriarch of Abyssinia, and D. Pedro Martins, first bishop of Japan. The classrooms are decorated with appropriate
azulejoThe azulejo refers to a typical form of Portuguese or Spanish painted, tin-glazed, ceramic tilework. They have become a typical aspect of Portuguese culture, manifesting without interruption during five centuries the consecutive trends in art...
s (ceramic tiles) such as "
PlatoPlato , was a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world...
teaching his followers" and "
AristotleAristotle was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology.Together with Plato and Socrates , Aristotle is one of...
teaching
Alexander the GreatAlexander III of Macedon, popularly known as Alexander the Great , was an Ancient Greek king of Macedon who created one of the largest empires in ancient history...
".
The University of Évora resumed work in 1973 as a state-run university. The diplomas are granted in the 18th century
BaroqueBaroque is an artistic style prevalent from the late 16th century to the early 18th century. The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church, which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent that the arts should communicate religious themes in...
chapel (
Sala dos Actos) (restored in 1973), that dominates the
TuscanTuscany is a region in North-Central Italy. It has an area of and a population of about 3.6 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence.Tuscany is known for its landscapes and its artistic legacy...
-arched Renaissance
cloisterthumb|250px|right|Cloister of Saint Trophimus, in [[Arles]], [[France]]thumb|250px|right|Cloister of [[Abbaye de Fontenay]], in [[Marmagne]], [[France]]...
.
External links