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Under arms describes a state of military readiness used to describe regular combat-ready military forces. Military personnel can be generally categorized into two groups: regular forces
Regular Army

In contemporary use, the term Regular Army refers to the full-time active component of the United States Army, as opposed to the United States Army Reserve or the Army National Guard....
, or the regular army, and auxiliary forces, or the reserve army. Regular forces are fully trained and fully armed, and are kept in a constant state of readiness for deployment. Auxiliary forces are given basic training and are only called up for service during emergencies or during large mobilization
Mobilization

This article describes military mobilization. For other meanings, see Mobilization .Mobilization is the act of assembling and making both troops and supplies ready for war....
s.






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Under arms describes a state of military readiness used to describe regular combat-ready military forces. Military personnel can be generally categorized into two groups: regular forces
Regular Army

In contemporary use, the term Regular Army refers to the full-time active component of the United States Army, as opposed to the United States Army Reserve or the Army National Guard....
, or the regular army, and auxiliary forces, or the reserve army. Regular forces are fully trained and fully armed, and are kept in a constant state of readiness for deployment. Auxiliary forces are given basic training and are only called up for service during emergencies or during large mobilization
Mobilization

This article describes military mobilization. For other meanings, see Mobilization .Mobilization is the act of assembling and making both troops and supplies ready for war....
s. National Guard
National Guard

The term National Guard may refer to an organized militia, a military force, a paramilitary force, a gendarmerie, or a constabulary:...
 and Military reserve force
Military reserve force

A military reserve force is a military organization composed of citizens of a country who combine a military role or career with a civilian career....
s would be classified as auxiliary forces because the majority of those personnel are usually employed full time in the civilian workforce. The Regular forces are typically not employed in any capacity other than military service, and usually reside on military bases. Therefore, the regulars are considered "under arms" while the auxiliary forces are not. A mobilization consists of the transformation of auxiliary forces into regular forces by physically amassing and arming those personnel.