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Typographical error

 

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Typographical error



 
 
A typographical error (shortened as typo) is a mistake made during, originally, the manual type-setting (typography
Typography

Typography is the art and techniques of typesetting, type design, and modifying type glyphs. Type glyphs are created and modified using a variety of illustration techniques....
) of printed material, or more recently, the typing
Typing

Typing is the process of inputting text into a device, such as a typewriter, computer, or a calculator, by pressing keys on a Computer keyboard....
 process. The term includes errors due to mechanical failure or slips of the hand or finger, but excludes errors of ignorance. Before the arrival of printing, the "copyist's mistake" was the equivalent for manuscript
Manuscript

A manuscript is any document that is written by hand, as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way. The term may also be used for information that is hand-recorded in other ways than writing, for example inscriptions that are chiselled upon a hard material or scratched as with a knife point in plaster or with a stylus on a wa...
s. Most typos involve simple duplication, omission, transposition, or substitution of a small number of characters.

Though the term "typo" excludes errors of ignorance, it is common to find it used as a euphemism
Euphemism

A euphemism is a substitution of an agreeable or less offensive expression in place of one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant to the listener, or in the case of #Doublespeak, to make it less troublesome for the speaker....
 to describe instances of poor spelling, punctuation, or grammar, such as accidentally typing a homophone
Homonym

In linguistics, a homonym is one of a group of words that share the same spelling and the same pronunciation but have different meanings, usually as a result of the two words having different origins....
.

A typographical error is distinct from an orthographical error
Orthography

The orthography of a language specifies the correct way of using a specific writing system to write the language. Orthography is derived from Greek language ????? orth?s and ???fe?? gr?phein ....
; the latter is characterised by incorrect usage of language.

ain typos, or kinds of typos, have achieved widespread notoriety and are occasionally used deliberately for humorous purposes.






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A typographical error (shortened as typo) is a mistake made during, originally, the manual type-setting (typography
Typography

Typography is the art and techniques of typesetting, type design, and modifying type glyphs. Type glyphs are created and modified using a variety of illustration techniques....
) of printed material, or more recently, the typing
Typing

Typing is the process of inputting text into a device, such as a typewriter, computer, or a calculator, by pressing keys on a Computer keyboard....
 process. The term includes errors due to mechanical failure or slips of the hand or finger, but excludes errors of ignorance. Before the arrival of printing, the "copyist's mistake" was the equivalent for manuscript
Manuscript

A manuscript is any document that is written by hand, as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way. The term may also be used for information that is hand-recorded in other ways than writing, for example inscriptions that are chiselled upon a hard material or scratched as with a knife point in plaster or with a stylus on a wa...
s. Most typos involve simple duplication, omission, transposition, or substitution of a small number of characters.

Though the term "typo" excludes errors of ignorance, it is common to find it used as a euphemism
Euphemism

A euphemism is a substitution of an agreeable or less offensive expression in place of one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant to the listener, or in the case of #Doublespeak, to make it less troublesome for the speaker....
 to describe instances of poor spelling, punctuation, or grammar, such as accidentally typing a homophone
Homonym

In linguistics, a homonym is one of a group of words that share the same spelling and the same pronunciation but have different meanings, usually as a result of the two words having different origins....
.

A typographical error is distinct from an orthographical error
Orthography

The orthography of a language specifies the correct way of using a specific writing system to write the language. Orthography is derived from Greek language ????? orth?s and ???fe?? gr?phein ....
; the latter is characterised by incorrect usage of language.

"Intentional" typos

Certain typos, or kinds of typos, have achieved widespread notoriety and are occasionally used deliberately for humorous purposes. For instance, the British newspaper The Guardian
The Guardian

Sorry, no overview for this topic
 is sometimes referred to as The Grauniad for its apparent frequent typesetting errors in the era before computer typesetting, begun as a running joke in the satirical magazine Private Eye
Private eye

A private eye is a nickname for a private investigator. It may also refer to:*Private Eye, a fortnightly British satirical magazine-newspaper, edited by Ian Hislop...
. The magazine continues to refer to The Guardian by this name to this day.

Typos are common on the internet in chatrooms, Usenet
Usenet

Usenet, a portmanteau of "user" and "network", is a worldwide distributed Internet discussion system. It evolved from the general purpose UUCP architecture of the same name....
 and the World Wide Web
World Wide Web

The World Wide Web is a very large set of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a Web browser, one can view Web pages that may contain writing, s, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them using hyperlinks....
 and some, such as "teh
Teh

Teh is an internet slang neologism most frequently used as an English Article , based on a common misspelling of the. A common typographical error, this typo became a part of Internet slang and subsequently developed grammatical usages distinct from the....
", "pwned", and "pron
Leet

l33t or Eleet , also known as Leetspeak, is an alphabet used primarily on the Internet, which uses various combinations of ASCII characters to replace Latin alphabet letters....
" have become in-joke
In-joke

An in-joke is a joke whose humor is clear only to those people who are "inside" a social group or occupation; an esoteric joke. They may be colloquially referred to as "You had to be there" moments, as in "You had to have been there when it happened to think it's funny"....
s among Internet groups and subcultures.

Typosquatting

Typosquatting is a form of cybersquatting
Cybersquatting

Cybersquatting , according to the United States federal law known as the Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, is registering, trafficking in, or using a domain name with bad faith intent to profit from the goodwill of a trademark belonging to someone else....
 which relies on typographical errors made by Internet users. Typically, the cybersquatter will register a plausible typo of a well-known website address in hopes of receiving traffic when Internet users mistype that address into a web browser
Web browser

A Web browser is a application software which enables a user to display and interact with text, images, videos, music, games and other information typically located on a Web page at a website on the World Wide Web or a local area network....
. Deliberately introducing typos into a web page, or into its metadata
Metadata

Metadata is "data about other data", of any sort in any media. An item of metadata may describe an individual datum, or content item, or a collection of data including multiple content items and hierarchical levels, for example a database schema....
, can also draw unwitting visitors when they enter these typos in Internet search engines.

Typos in online auctions

Since the emergence and popularization of online auction sites such as eBay
EBay

eBay Inc. is an United States Internet company that manages eBay.com, an online auction and shopping website in which people and businesses buy and sell goods and services worldwide....
, misspelled auction searches have quickly become a gold mine for deal hunters. The concept on which these searches are based is that if an individual posts an auction and misspells its description and/or title, regular searches will not find this auction. However, a search which includes misspelled alterations of the original search term in such a way as to create misspellings, transpositions, omissions, double strike, and wrong key errors would find most misspelled auctions. The resulting effect is that there are far fewer bids than there would be under normal circumstances allowing for the searcher to obtain the item for less. A series of third party web sites have sprung up allowing people to find these items, the original website being bargainchecker.com which was created in 1999.

Marking typos

When using a typewriter
Typewriter

A typewriter is a Machine or electromechanical device with a set of "keys" that, when pressed, cause Typeface to be printed on a medium, usually paper....
 without correction tape
Correction tape

Correction tape is an alternative to correction fluid used to correct mistakes during typing, or, in some forms, handwriting. One side of the tape, which is placed against the error, is coated in a white, opaque masking material....
, typos are commonly overstruck
Overstrike

In typography, overstrike is a method of printing characters that are missing from the printer's character set. It was widely used around early 1990s....
 with another character such as a slash
Slash (punctuation)

The slash is a punctuation mark. It is also called a virgule, diagonal, stroke, forward slash, oblique dash, slant, separatrix, scratch comma, over, slak, whack....
. This saves the typist the trouble of retyping the entire page to eliminate the error, but as evidence of the typo remains, it is not aesthetically pleasing.

In instant messaging
Instant messaging

Instant messaging is a form of Real-time computing communication between two or more people based on typed text. The Written language is conveyed via devices connected over a network such as the Internet....
, users often send messages in haste and only afterwards notice the typo. It is common practice to correct the typo by sending a subsequent message where an asterisk
Asterisk

An 'asterisk' is a typographical symbol or glyph. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often pronounce it as star ....
 precedes or follows the correct word. For example:

Gabby123: did you ese her?
Gabby123: you see*

In such forms of teletype that have no backspace or delete key (particularly those that use Baudot code
Baudot code

The Baudot code, invented by ?mile Baudot, is a character encoding predating EBCDIC and ASCII, and the root predecessor to International Telegraph Alphabet No 2 , the teleprinter code in use until the advent of ASCII....
), an error that is caught immediately will be followed by 'X' repeated a few times, as a sort of representation of the mistake being exed out, with the correct spelling following, for example:

WE'LL DISCUSS DESSERT WHEN I RETRUN XXX RETURN.

In formal prose it is sometimes necessary to accurately quote text which may contain typos. In such cases, the author will usually write "[sic
SIC

Sic is a Latin word that means "thus" or, in writing, "it was thus in the source material".Sic may also refer to:* Sic, Cluj, a commune in Romania...
]" to indicate that an error was in the original quoted source rather than in the transcription.

See also

  • Typosquatting
    Typosquatting

    Typosquatting, also called URL hijacking, is a form of cybersquatting which relies on mistakes such as typographical errors made by Internet users when inputting a url into a web browser....
  • Errata
    Erratum

    An erratum or corrigendum is a correction of a book. Errata are most commonly issued shortly after the original text was published. Patches to security issues in a computer program are also sometimes called errata....
  • Bible errata
    Bible errata

    Throughout history, printers' errors and peculiar translations have appeared in Bibles published throughout the world....
  • Misspelling
  • Typographical personification
    Typographical personification

    Typographical personifications are usually better known by a myriad of colorful and fanciful names, such as Typo fairies, Typo demons, and the like....
  • Touch typing
    Touch typing

    Touch typing is typing without using the sense of visual perception to find the keys. Specifically, a touch typist will know their location through muscle memory....
  • Leet
    Leet

    l33t or Eleet , also known as Leetspeak, is an alphabet used primarily on the Internet, which uses various combinations of ASCII characters to replace Latin alphabet letters....
  • Internet Slang
    Internet slang

    Internet slang is slang that Internet users have popularized and, in many cases, coined. Such terms often originate with the purpose of saving keystrokes, and many people use the same abbreviations in SMS language and instant messaging....
  • Muphry's law
    Muphry's law

    Muphry's Law is an adage that states that "if you write anything criticizing Copy editing or proofreading, there will be a fault of some kind in what you have written"....


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