Tympanoplasty
Overview
 
Tympanoplasty is the surgical operation performed for the reconstruction of the eardrum (tympanic membrane) and/or the small bones of the middle ear (ossicles
Ossicles
The ossicles are the three smallest bones in the human body. They are contained within the middle ear space and serve to transmit sounds from the air to the fluid-filled labyrinth . The absence of the auditory ossicles would constitute a moderate-to-severe hearing loss...

).
Tympanoplasty is classified into five different types, originally described by Wullstein in 1956 .
  1. Type 1 involves repair of the tympanic membrane alone, when the middle ear
    Middle ear
    The middle ear is the portion of the ear internal to the eardrum, and external to the oval window of the cochlea. The mammalian middle ear contains three ossicles, which couple vibration of the eardrum into waves in the fluid and membranes of the inner ear. The hollow space of the middle ear has...

     is normal. A type 1 tympanoplasty is synonymous to myringoplasty.
  2. Type 2 involves repair of the tympanic membrane and middle ear in spite of slight defects in the middle ear ossicles
    Ossicles
    The ossicles are the three smallest bones in the human body. They are contained within the middle ear space and serve to transmit sounds from the air to the fluid-filled labyrinth . The absence of the auditory ossicles would constitute a moderate-to-severe hearing loss...

    .
  3. Type 3 involves removal of ossicles and epitypmanum when there are large defects of the malleus and incus.
 
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