Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt

The Twenty-First, Twenty-Second, Twenty-Third, Twenty-Fourth and Twenty-Fifth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Third Intermediate Period.

Rulers

The known rulers, in the History of Egypt

History of Egypt

Egyptian history can be roughly divided into the following periods:*Prehistoric Egypt*Ancient Egypt**Early Dynastic Period of Egypt: 31st to 27th centuries BC**Old Kingdom of Egypt: 27th to 22nd centuries BC...

, for the Twenty-Second Dynasty are as follows:

Twenty-Second Dynasty pharaohs

Pharaoh	|Horus-name	|Reign (BCE)	|Consort(s)	|Comments
Shoshenq I Shoshenq I Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I , , also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I , was a Meshwesh Berber king of Egypt—of Libyan ancestry—and the founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty...	Hedjkheperre-Setepenre	943-922 BC 924 Year 924 was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.- Asia :* Emperor Taizu of Liao leads another campaign to the west, reaching the former Uyghur capital on the Orkhon River...	Patareshnes  Karomama A Karomama A Karomama was a wife of Pharaoh Sheshonk I. Karomama was the mother of Pharaoh Osorkon I. She is only known from the stela of Pasenhor. On the this stela, Karomama bears the title of God's Mother and is said to be the wife of Sheshonk I and the mother of Osorkon I....	probably the biblical Bible The Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...  Shishaq
Osorkon I Osorkon I The son of Shoshenq I and his chief consort, Karomat A, Osorkon I was the second king of Egypt's 22nd Dynasty and ruled around 922 BC – 887 BC. He succeeded his father Shoshenq I who probably died within a year of his successful 923 BC campaign against the kingdoms of Israel and Judah...	Sekhemkheperre-Setepenre	922 - 887 BC 889 Year 889 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.- Asia :* Yasovarman I succeeds Indravarman II as ruler of the Khmer empire....	Maatkare B Maatkare B Maatkare B was a wife of Pharaoh Osorkon I and the mother of Pharaoh Sheshonk II. Maatkare was the daughter of Psusennes II ....   Tashedkhonsu Tashedkhonsu Tashedkhons was a wife of Pharaoh Osorkon I and the mother of Pharaoh Takelot I. She is known from the Pasenhor stela. Tashedkhonsu is given the title God's Mother on the stela. A shabti inscribed for Tashedkhonsu was found in the tomb of Takelot II who was a descendant....   Shepensopdet A
Shoshenq II Shoshenq II Heqakheperre Shoshenq II was an Egyptian king of the 22nd dynasty of Egypt. He was the only ruler of this Dynasty whose tomb was not plundered by tomb robbers. His final resting place was discovered within Psusennes I's tomb at Tanis by Pierre Montet in 1939. Montet removed the coffin lid of...	Heqakheperre-Setepenre	887- 885 BC 885 Year 885 was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.- Europe :* The Vikings besiege Paris.* Godfrith, the Sea King is killed in Lobith...	Nesitanebetashru Nesitanebetashru Nesitanebetashru was the name of two ancient Egyptian ladies. The name means “belonging to the lady of the ashru”; the ashru or isheru was a crescent-shaped sacred lake around the temples of solar goddesses, here it refers to Mut.Nesitanebetashru of the 21st dynasty was a daughter of Pinedjem II,...   Nesitaudjatakhet Nesitaudjatakhet Nesitaudjatakhet was a wife of Pharaoh Sheshonk II and the mother of Prince Osorkon D. Nesitaudjatakhet and her son Osorkon are mentioned in papyrus Denon in Saint Petersburg....	enjoyed an independent reign of 2 Years at Tanis according to Von Beckerath
Takelot I Takelot I Hedjkheperre Setepenre Takelot I was a son of Osorkon I and Queen Tashedkhons who ruled Egypt for 13 Years according to Manetho. Takelot would marry Queen Kapes who bore him Osorkon II...	Hedjkheperre-Setepenre	885-872 BC 872 Year 872 was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.- Europe :* Battle of Hafrsfjord: Harald Fairhair becomes the first king of Norway....	Kapes Kapes Kapes was a wife of Pharaoh Takelot I and the mother of Pharaoh Osorkon II. Kapes is mentioned on the Pasenhor stela found in the Serapeum in Memphis, Egypt. On the stela she has the title of God's mother. Kapes is also known from her son Osorkon II's tomb in Tanis. No further titles are...
Osorkon II Osorkon II Usermaatre Setepenamun Osorkon II was a pharaoh of the Twenty-second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt and the son of Takelot I and Queen Kapes. He ruled Egypt around 872 BC to 837 BC from Tanis, the capital of this Dynasty. After succeeding his father, he was faced with the competing rule of his cousin,...	Usermaetre-Setepenamun	872-837 BC	Isetemkheb G  Karomama B  Djedmutesankh	an ally of Israel who fought Shalmaneser III Shalmaneser III Shalmaneser III was king of Assyria , and son of the previous ruler, Ashurnasirpal II....  of Assyria Assyria Assyria was a Semitic Akkadian kingdom, extant as a nation state from the mid–23rd century BC to 608 BC centred on the Upper Tigris river, in northern Mesopotamia , that came to rule regional empires a number of times through history. It was named for its original capital, the ancient city of Assur...  at the battle of Qarqar Battle of Qarqar The Battle of Qarqar was fought in 853 BC when the army of Assyria led by king Shalmaneser III encountered an allied army of 12 kings at Qarqar led by Hadadezer of Damascus and King Ahab of Israel...  in 853 BC.
Shoshenq III Shoshenq III King Usermaatre Setepenre or Usimare Setepenamun Shoshenq III ruled Egypt's 22nd Dynasty for 39 years according to contemporary historical records. Two Apis Bulls were buried in the fourth and 28th years of his reign and he celebrated his Heb Sed Jubilee in his regnal year 30...	Usermaetre-Setepenre	837-798 BC	Tadibast II  Tentamenopet  Djedbastiusankh
Shoshenq (IV)"quartus"	Hedjkheperre-Setepenre	798-785 BC		not to be confused with Shoshenq VI Shoshenq VI Shoshenq VI is known to be Pedubast I's immediate successor at Thebes based upon the career of the Letter Writer to Pharaoh Hor IX, who served under Osorkon II and Pedubast I... ; the original Shoshenq IV in publications before 1993
Pami Pami Usermaatre Setepenre Pami was an Egyptian Pharaoh who ruled Egypt for 7 years. He was a member of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt of Meshwesh Libyans who had been living in the country since the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt when their ancestors infiltrated into the Egyptian Delta from Libya...	Usermaetre-Setepenamun	785-778 BC		buried two Apis bulls in his reign
Shoshenq V Shoshenq V Shoshenq V was the final king of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt of Meshwesh Libyans which controlled Lower Egypt. He was the son of Pami according to a Year 11 Serapeum stela from his reign. His prenomen or throne name, Akheperre, means "Great is the Soul of Re."The burial of two Apis Bulls is...	Akheperre	778-740 BC
Pedubast II Pedubast II Pedubast II was a Pharaoh of Egypt associated with the 22nd Dynasty. Not mentioned in all King lists, he is mentioned as a possible son and successor to Shoshenq V by Aidan Dodson and Dyan Hilton in their 2004 book, The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. They give his reign as about...	Sehetepibenre	740-730 BC	Tadibast III	Not mentioned in all King lists
Osorkon IV Osorkon IV Osorkon IV was a ruler of Lower Egypt who, while not always listed as a member of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt, he is attested as the ruler of Tanis--and thereby one of Shoshenq V's successors. Therefore he is sometimes listed as part of the dynasty, whether for convenience or in fact.His...	Akheperre-Setepenamun	730 - 716 BC		Not always listed as a true member of the XXII Dynasty, but succeeded Shoshenq V at Tanis. The biblical Pharaoh So.

The kings

Pharaoh

Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. The title originates in the term "pr-aa" which means "great house" and describes the royal palace...

 of the Twenty-Second Dynasty of Egypt were a series of Meshwesh

Meshwesh

The Meshwesh were an ancient Libyan tribe from beyond Cyrenaica where the Libu and Tehenu lived according to Egyptian references and who were probably of Central Berber ethnicity. Herodotus placed them in Tunisia and said of them to be sedentary farmers living in settled permanent houses as the...

 Libyan

Ancient Libya

The Latin name Libya referred to the region west of the Nile Valley, generally corresponding to modern Northwest Africa. Climate changes affected the locations of the settlements....

s who ruled from circa 943 BC until 720 BC. They had settled in Egypt

Egypt

Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

 since the Twentieth Dynasty

Twentieth dynasty of Egypt

The Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, New Kingdom. This dynasty is considered to be the last one of the New Kingdom of Egypt, and was followed by the Third Intermediate Period....

. Manetho

Manetho

Manetho was an Egyptian historian and priest from Sebennytos who lived during the Ptolemaic era, approximately during the 3rd century BC. Manetho wrote the Aegyptiaca...

 states that the dynasty originated at Bubastis

Bubastis

Bubastis , also known as Tell Basta or Egyptian Per-Bast was an Ancient Egyptian city, the capital of its own nome, located along the River Nile in the Delta region of Lower Egypt...

, but the kings almost certainly ruled from Tanis

Tanis, Egypt

Tanis , the Greek name of ancient Djanet , is a city in the north-eastern Nile delta of Egypt. It is located on the Tanitic branch of the Nile which has long since silted up.-History:...

, which was their capital and the city where their tombs have been excavated.

Another king who belongs to this group is Tutkheperre Shoshenq

Tutkheperre Shoshenq

Tutkheperre Shoshenq or Shoshenq IIb is an obscure Third Intermediate Period Libyan king whose existence was doubted until recently. However, in 2004, a GM 203 German article by Eva R...

, whose precise position within this dynasty is currently uncertain although he is now thought to have ruled Egypt early in the 9th century BC for a short time. The so-called Twenty-Third Dynasty

Twenty-third dynasty of Egypt

The Twenty-third Dynasty of ancient Egypt was a separate regime of Meshwesh Libyan kings, who ruled ancient Egypt. This dynasty is often considered part of the Third Intermediate Period.-Rulers:...

 was an offshoot of this dynasty perhaps based in Upper Egypt

Upper Egypt

Upper Egypt is the strip of land, on both sides of the Nile valley, that extends from the cataract boundaries of modern-day Aswan north to the area between El-Ayait and Zawyet Dahshur . The northern section of Upper Egypt, between El-Ayait and Sohag is sometimes known as Middle Egypt...

, though there is much debate concerning this issue. All of its kings reigned in Middle and Upper Egypt including the Western Desert Oases. The next ruler at Tanis after Shoshenq V was Osorkon IV

Osorkon IV

Osorkon IV was a ruler of Lower Egypt who, while not always listed as a member of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt, he is attested as the ruler of Tanis--and thereby one of Shoshenq V's successors. Therefore he is sometimes listed as part of the dynasty, whether for convenience or in fact.His...

 but this king is not believed to be a member of the 22nd Dynasty since he only controlled a small portion of Lower Egypt together with Tefnakhte

Tefnakhte

Shepsesre Tefnakht , was a prince of Saïs and founder of the relatively short Twenty-fourth dynasty of Egypt who rose to become a Chief of the Ma at his home city. He is thought to have reigned roughly 732 BCE - 725 BCE or 7 years...

 of Sais

SAIS

SAIS can refer to:* Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, part of The Johns Hopkins University.* Sharjah American International School* Southern Association of Independent Schools...

—whose authority was recognised at Memphis

Memphis, Egypt

Memphis was the ancient capital of Aneb-Hetch, the first nome of Lower Egypt. Its ruins are located near the town of Helwan, south of Cairo.According to legend related by Manetho, the city was founded by the pharaoh Menes around 3000 BC. Capital of Egypt during the Old Kingdom, it remained an...

—and Iuput II

Iuput II

Iuput II was a ruler of Leontopolis in the Egyptian Delta region of Lower Egypt who existed during the late Third Intermediate Period. He was an ally of Tefnakht of Sais who resisted the invasion of Lower Egypt by the Kushite king Piye...

 of Leontopolis

Leontopolis

Leontopolis or Leonto or Latin: Leontos Oppidum or Egyptian: Taremu, was an Ancient Egyptian city that is known as Tell al Muqdam today.-History:The city is located in the central part of the Nile Delta region...

.