Tubal

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Tubal

Tubal, ???? IPA [ t?u'bal ] or ??? [ tu'bal ], "Thou shalt be brought", in Genesis 10 (the Table of Nations), was the name of a son of Japheth

Japheth

Japheth is one of the sons of Noah in the Bible. In Arabic language citations, his name is normally given as Yafeth ibn Nuh ....
, son of Noah

Noah

Noah was, according to the Bible, the tenth and last of the antediluvian Patriarchs ; and a prophet according to the Qur'an. The biblical story of Noah is contained in the book of Book of Genesis, chapters 5-9, while the Qur'an has a whole sura named after and devoted to his story with other references elsewhere....
.

Many authors, following the Romanized Jewish author Josephus

Josephus

Josephus , also known as Yosef Ben Matityahu and, after he became a Roman citizenship, as Titus Flavius Josephus, was a first-century Jewish historian and apologist of priestly and royal ancestry who survived and recorded the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70....
(1st century AD), related the name to Iber. Concerning the question of the ethnic affinity of the population of Tubal, Josephus wrote: "Tobal gave rise to the Thobeles, who are now called Iberes".

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Tubal, ???? IPA [ t?u'bal ] or ??? [ tu'bal ], "Thou shalt be brought", in Genesis 10 (the Table of Nations), was the name of a son of Japheth

Japheth

Japheth is one of the sons of Noah in the Bible. In Arabic language citations, his name is normally given as Yafeth ibn Nuh ....
, son of Noah

Noah

Josephus

Eustathius of Antioch

Eustathius of Antioch, sometimes surnamed the Great, was a bishop and patriarch of Antioch in the 4th century.He was a native of Side in Pamphylia....
, Bishop Theodoret

Theodoret

Saint Theodoret, known as Theodoret of Cyrus or Cyrrhus, was an influential author, theologian, and Christianity bishop of Cyrrhus%2C_Syria ....
, and others. However, Jerome

Jerome

Saint Jerome was a Christian priest and Christian apologetics best known for translating the Vulgate. He is recognized by the Catholic Church as a canonized saint and Doctor of the Church, and his version of the Bible is still an important text in Catholicism....
, Isidore of Seville

Isidore of Seville

Saint Isidore of Seville was Archbishop of Seville for more than three decades and has the reputation of being one of the greatest scholars of the early Middle Ages....
, and the Welsh historian Nennius

Nennius

Nennius, or Nemnivus, is either of two shadowy personages traditionally associated with the history of Wales. The better known of the two is Nennius, the student of Elvodugus....
stated another tradition that Tubal was ancestor to the Iberians, 'Italians' [i.e., Italic tribes] and 'Spanish' [who were also called Iberians

Iberians

The Iberians were a set of peoples that Ancient Greece and ancient Rome sources identified with that name in the eastern and southern coasts of the Iberian peninsula at least from the 6th century BC....
]. Tubal is also said to be the founder of the Portuguese city of Setubal
Setúbal

Set?bal is a city and a municipalities of Portugal in Portugal with a total area of 172.0 km? and a total population of 118,696 inhabitants in the municipality....
.

Basque intellectuals like Poza (16th century) have named Tubal as the ancestor of Basques, and by extension, the Iberians. The French Basque author Augustin Chaho (19th century) published The Legend of Aitor, asserting that the common patriarch of the Basques was Aitor

Aitor

Aitor is a Basque people masculine given name, created by Agosti Xaho for a Basque ancestral patriarch descending from the Biblical Tubal in his work "The Legend of Aitor" ....
, a descendant of Tubal.

The Caucasian Iberia

Caucasian Iberia

Iberia , also known as Iveria , was a name given by the ancient Ancient Greece and Roman Empire to the ancient Georgia kingdom of Kartli corresponding roughly to the eastern and southern parts of the present day Georgia....
ns were relatives of modern Georgians

Georgia (country)

Georgia is a transcontinental country in the Caucasus region, located at the dividing line between Europe and Asia. It is bordered by the Russia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Armenia to the south, and Turkey to the southwest....
. Some modern Georgians

Georgia (country)

Meshech

In the Bible, Meshech, Hebrew language, Help:IPA pronunciation key], "price" or "precious", literally "a drawing up ", is named as a son of Japheth in Genesis 10:2 and 1 Chronicles 1:5....
; a Georgian historian, Ivane Javakhishvili

Ivane Javakhishvili

Ivane Javakhishvili was a Georgia historian whose voluminous works heavily influenced the Kartvelian studies of the History of Georgia and Culture of Georgia ....
, considered Tabal, Tubal, Jabal and Jubal to be ancient Georgian tribal designations.

The Tabal

Tabal

Tabal was a Luwian language speaking Neo-Hittite kingdom of South Central Anatolia, forming after the collapse of the Hittite Empire and surviving into Roman times....
i (Tibarenoi in Greek

Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
) were Luwian tribes of Asia Minor of the 3rd

3rd millennium BC

The 3rd millennium BC spans the Early to Middle Bronze Age.It represents a period of time in which imperialism, or the desire to conquer, grew to prominence, in the city states of the Middle East, but also throughout Eurasia, with Indo-European people expansion to Anatolia, Europe and Central Asia....
-1st millennias BC. They and other related tribes, the Chalybes (Khalib/Khaldi

Khaldi

The Khaldi were a Bronze Age people inhabiting the south-eastern shore of the Black Sea . They were related in proximity and probably also in language to the Hattians, an ancient people of Asia Minor....
) and the Mossynoeci

Mossynoeci

Mossynoeci . The Greeks of the Euxine Sea applied it to the peoples of Pontus, the northern Anatolian coast west of Trebizond.Herodotus...
(Mossynoikoi in Greek), are sometimes considered the founders of metallurgy

Metallurgy

Metallurgy is a domain of materials science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic Chemical element, their intermetallics, and their mixtures, which are called alloys....
.

Literature

Ivane Javakhishvili
Ivane Javakhishvili

Ivane Javakhishvili was a Georgia historian whose voluminous works heavily influenced the Kartvelian studies of the History of Georgia and Culture of Georgia ....
. "Historical-Ethnological problems of Georgia, the Caucasus and the Near East" (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1950, pp. 130-135 (in Georgian)
Giorgi Melikishvili
Giorgi Melikishvili

Giorgi Melikishvili was a Georgia historian known for his fundamental works in the history of Georgia, Caucasia and the Middle East. He earned an international recognition for his research of Urartu....
. "About the history of ancient Georgia" (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1959, pp. 9, 13, 14, 18, 72-78, 108-110, 121, 175, 226, 227, 253 (in Russian)
Simon Janashia
Simon Janashia

Simon Janashia was an outstanding Georgia historian and public benefactor, one of the founders and Academician of the Georgian Academy of Sciences , Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor....
. "Works", vol. III, Tbilisi, 1959, pp. 2-74 (in Georgian)
Guram Kvirkvelia. "Foreign scientists about the metallurgy of the ancient Georgian tribes" (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1976, pp. 3-90 (in Georgian, Russian summary).
Nana Khazaradze. "The Ethnopolitical entities of Eastern Asia Minor in the first half of the 1st millennium BC" (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1978, pp. 3-139 (in Georgian, Russian and English)