Treaty of Salvaterra
Encyclopedia
The Treaty of Salvaterra de Magos
Salvaterra de Magos
Salvaterra de Magos is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 244,74 km² and a total population of 22,053 inhabitants.The municipality is composed of 6 parishes, and is located in the district of Santarém....

was an agreement signed in 1383 between Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...

 and Castile
Crown of Castile
The Crown of Castile was a medieval and modern state in the Iberian Peninsula that formed in 1230 as a result of the third and definitive union of the crowns and parliaments of the kingdoms of Castile and León upon the accession of the then King Ferdinand III of Castile to the vacant Leonese throne...

 in order to end a period known in Portugal as the Fernandine Wars
Ferdinand Wars
The Ferdinand Wars were a series of three conflicts between the Kingdom of Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of England, and the Crown of Castile. Ferdinand I of Portugal, John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, and the Castilian Kings of the House of Trastámara, faced for the throne of Castile,...

(after the name of Fernando I).

To celebrate the peace between the two kingdoms, king Fernando I of Portugal agreed on the marriage of his daughter and heir, Beatrice of Portugal
Beatrice of Portugal
Beatrice was the only surviving child of King Ferdinand I of Portugal and his wife, Leonor Telles de Menezes. She married King John I of Castile. In the absence of a male heir, she claimed the throne of Portugal, supported by her husband. This led to the 1383–1385 Crisis, in which the Portuguese...

, with king John I of Castile
John I of Castile
John I was the king of Crown of Castile, was the son of Henry II and of his wife Juana Manuel of Castile, daughter of Juan Manuel, Prince of Villena, head of a younger branch of the royal house of Castile...

. However, to avoid the union of the two countries, it was established in this pre-nuptial agreement, the rules to the succession in the two thrones.

It was never king Fernando I intention the union of the kingdoms of Portugal and Castile, therefore it was agreed that, following his death, his wife, queen Leonor Telles de Menezes
Leonor Telles de Menezes
Leonor Telles de Menezes was a queen consort of Portugal and regent during the years 1383–1385. She was the wife of a Portuguese nobleman from whom she was forcibly divorced by King Ferdinand I, who afterward married her...

 would assure the regency
Regent
A regent, from the Latin regens "one who reigns", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present, or debilitated. Currently there are only two ruling Regencies in the world, sovereign Liechtenstein and the Malaysian constitutive state of Terengganu...

 in Portugal until the son of Beatrice and John would reach 14 years old, when he would become the future king of Portugal.

The Treaty of Salvaterra main clauses stipulated:
  • The separation between the kingdoms of Portugal and Castile only could be eliminated with the consent of the Cortes;
  • The recognition of Beatrice and her husband as kings of Portugal (him, as king consort), if Fernando I would die without any other male heir;
  • The succession in the throne of Portugal to the offspring of Beatrice and her husband;
  • The succession in the throne of Portugal to the offspring of John of Castille first marriage, if Beatrice would die childless;
  • That queen Leonor Telles de Menezes should remain regent of the kingdom if Fernando I would die without any other heirs and while Beatrice didn't have a 14 years old son;
  • And other less important clauses (included in Chronicle of king Fernando I, by Fernão Lopes
    Fernão Lopes
    Fernão Lopes was a Portuguese chronicler appointed by King Edward of Portugal. Fernão Lopes wrote the history of Portugal, but only a part of his work remained....

    , Chapter CLVII).


In the famous Cortes of Coimbra (1385), João das Regras
João das Regras
João das Regras, in English, literally John of the Rules, was a Portuguese jurist of the second half of the 14th-century. João das Regras was born in Lisbon in an unknown date and died there on 3 May 1404...

, a lawyer supporting John Master of Aviz
John I of Portugal
John I KG , called the Good or of Happy Memory, more rarely and outside Portugal the Bastard, was the tenth King of Portugal and the Algarve and the first to use the title Lord of Ceuta...

claims to the throne of Portugal, defended that due to the disrespect to the Treaty of Salvaterra clauses, Beatrice and John I of Castile should be excluded from the throne.
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