Treaty of Ribemont
Encyclopedia
There are two Treaties of Ribemont, the first is from 880
and the second is from 1179.
and the kings of Western Francia
, Louis III
and Carloman.
After the death of Charles the Bald
, Louis the Younger secured the friendship of Charles' successor Louis the Stammerer
with the Treaty of Fourons in November 878. The two nephews promised to accept the successions of their respective sons. The treaty was put to the test when Louis the Stammerer died in April 879. A western delegation led by Gauzlin, bishop of Paris and later protector of the city during the Viking
raids, invited Louis the Younger to take control of Western Francia
. Because his wife Luitgard also supported this idea, Louis the Younger invaded Western-Francia. He reached as far as Verdun
, but he retreated after his nephews, the kings Louis III of France
and Carloman of France
, gave up their share of Lotharingia
to him.
Meanwhile Boso of Provence
, a noble of Carolingian descent, proclaimed himself king of the Provence
. Moreover, the Vikings resumed their attacks. To deal with these threats, the Carolingian kings decided to put aside their differences so as to deal with the threats together. They met at Ribemont
, in present day Aisne
. In return for Louis the Younger's neutrality, the kings of France confirmed Louis' possession of the parts of Lotharingia
that had been given to him since the Treaty of Meerssen
. This left them free to deal with Boso.
The border between France and the Holy Roman Empire remained largely the same until the Late Medieval.
Earlier Frankish partitions were:
. Matthias had died in 1176, and the duchy was claimed by both his eldest son Simon II, Duke of Lorraine
and his second eldest son Frederick I, Duke of Lorraine
. The two brothers fought a three-year long war, before they decided to partition the Duchy in Ribemont; Simon received the southern French-speaking part of the duchy, and Ferry received the northern German-speaking part. In 1206 the duchy was united once more by Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine
.
880
Year 880 was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.- Religion :* Pope John VIII issues the bull Industriae Tuae, creating an independent ecclesiastical province in Great Moravia with Archbishop Saint Methodius as its head...
and the second is from 1179.
The treaty of 880
The Treaty of Ribemont in 880 was the last treaty on the partitions of the Frankish Empire. It was signed by the German king Louis the YoungerLouis the Younger
Louis the Younger , sometimes Louis III, was the second eldest of the three sons of Louis the German and Emma. He succeeded his father as the King of Saxony on 28 August 876 and his elder brother Carloman as King of Bavaria from 880...
and the kings of Western Francia
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, Louis III
Louis III of France
Louis III was the King of France, still then called West Francia, from 879 until his death. The second son of Louis the Stammerer and his first wife, Ansgarde, he succeeded his father to reign jointly with his younger brother Carloman II, who became sole ruler on Louis's death...
and Carloman.
After the death of Charles the Bald
Charles the Bald
Charles the Bald , Holy Roman Emperor and King of West Francia , was the youngest son of the Emperor Louis the Pious by his second wife Judith.-Struggle against his brothers:He was born on 13 June 823 in Frankfurt, when his elder...
, Louis the Younger secured the friendship of Charles' successor Louis the Stammerer
Louis the Stammerer
Louis the Stammerer was the King of Aquitaine and later King of West Francia. He was the eldest son of Charles the Bald and Ermentrude of Orléans. He succeeded his younger brother in Aquitaine in 866 and his father in West Francia in 877, though he was never crowned Emperor...
with the Treaty of Fourons in November 878. The two nephews promised to accept the successions of their respective sons. The treaty was put to the test when Louis the Stammerer died in April 879. A western delegation led by Gauzlin, bishop of Paris and later protector of the city during the Viking
Viking
The term Viking is customarily used to refer to the Norse explorers, warriors, merchants, and pirates who raided, traded, explored and settled in wide areas of Europe, Asia and the North Atlantic islands from the late 8th to the mid-11th century.These Norsemen used their famed longships to...
raids, invited Louis the Younger to take control of Western Francia
Western Francia
West Francia, also known as the West Frankish Kingdom or Francia Occidentalis, was a short-lived kingdom encompassing the lands of the western part of the Carolingian Empire that came under the undisputed control of Charlemagne's grandson, Charles the Bald, as a result of the Treaty of Verdun of...
. Because his wife Luitgard also supported this idea, Louis the Younger invaded Western-Francia. He reached as far as Verdun
Verdun
Verdun is a city in the Meuse department in Lorraine in north-eastern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department.Verdun is the biggest city in Meuse, although the capital of the department is the slightly smaller city of Bar-le-Duc.- History :...
, but he retreated after his nephews, the kings Louis III of France
Louis III of France
Louis III was the King of France, still then called West Francia, from 879 until his death. The second son of Louis the Stammerer and his first wife, Ansgarde, he succeeded his father to reign jointly with his younger brother Carloman II, who became sole ruler on Louis's death...
and Carloman of France
Carloman of France
Carloman II , King of Western Francia, was the youngest son of King Louis the Stammerer and Ansgarde of Burgundy, and became king, jointly with his brother Louis III of France, on his father's death in 879....
, gave up their share of Lotharingia
Lotharingia
Lotharingia was a region in northwest Europe, comprising the Low Countries, the western Rhineland, the lands today on the border between France and Germany, and what is now western Switzerland. It was born of the tripartite division in 855, of the kingdom of Middle Francia, itself formed of the...
to him.
Meanwhile Boso of Provence
Boso of Provence
Boso was a Frankish nobleman from the Bosonid-family, who was related to the Carolingian dynasty, who rose to become King of Provence ....
, a noble of Carolingian descent, proclaimed himself king of the Provence
Provence
Provence ; Provençal: Provença in classical norm or Prouvènço in Mistralian norm) is a region of south eastern France on the Mediterranean adjacent to Italy. It is part of the administrative région of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur...
. Moreover, the Vikings resumed their attacks. To deal with these threats, the Carolingian kings decided to put aside their differences so as to deal with the threats together. They met at Ribemont
Ribemont
Ribemont is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France.-Population:...
, in present day Aisne
Aisne
Aisne is a department in the northern part of France named after the Aisne River.- History :Aisne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Île-de-France, Picardie, and Champagne.Most of the old...
. In return for Louis the Younger's neutrality, the kings of France confirmed Louis' possession of the parts of Lotharingia
Lotharingia
Lotharingia was a region in northwest Europe, comprising the Low Countries, the western Rhineland, the lands today on the border between France and Germany, and what is now western Switzerland. It was born of the tripartite division in 855, of the kingdom of Middle Francia, itself formed of the...
that had been given to him since the Treaty of Meerssen
Treaty of Meerssen
The Treaty of Meerssen or Mersen was a partition treaty of the Carolingian Empire concluded on 8 August 870 by the two surviving sons of Emperor Louis the Pious, King Charles the Bald of West Francia and Louis the German of East Francia, at Meerssen north of Maastricht, in the present-day...
. This left them free to deal with Boso.
The border between France and the Holy Roman Empire remained largely the same until the Late Medieval.
Earlier Frankish partitions were:
- Treaty of VerdunTreaty of VerdunThe Treaty of Verdun was a treaty between the three surviving sons of Louis the Pious, the son and successor of Charlemagne, which divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms...
(843) - Treaty of Prüm (855)
- Treaty of MeerssenTreaty of MeerssenThe Treaty of Meerssen or Mersen was a partition treaty of the Carolingian Empire concluded on 8 August 870 by the two surviving sons of Emperor Louis the Pious, King Charles the Bald of West Francia and Louis the German of East Francia, at Meerssen north of Maastricht, in the present-day...
(870)
The treaty of 1179
The second treaty was signed on 2 may, 1179, by the descendants of Duke Matthias I, Duke of LorraineMatthias I, Duke of Lorraine
Matthias I was the duke of Lorraine from 1138 to his death as the eldest son and successor of Simon I and Adelaide. Like his forefathers going back to Thierry II and even to Adalbert, he was a stern supporter of the king of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor...
. Matthias had died in 1176, and the duchy was claimed by both his eldest son Simon II, Duke of Lorraine
Simon II, Duke of Lorraine
Simon II was the Duke of Lorraine from 1176 to 1205. He was the son and successor of Matthias I and Judith, daughter of Frederick II, Duke of Swabia....
and his second eldest son Frederick I, Duke of Lorraine
Frederick I, Duke of Lorraine
Frederick I was the duke of Lorraine from 1205 to his death. He was the second son of Matthias I and Judith, daughter of Frederick II, Duke of Swabia. He succeeded his brother, Simon II, who had already given him the county of Bitche in 1176 and had recognised him over the northern, germanophone...
. The two brothers fought a three-year long war, before they decided to partition the Duchy in Ribemont; Simon received the southern French-speaking part of the duchy, and Ferry received the northern German-speaking part. In 1206 the duchy was united once more by Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine
Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine
Frederick II was the duke of Lorraine from 1206 to his death, son of Frederick I and Ludmilla, daughter of Mieszko III the Old, of the Piast Dynasty....
.