The
Treaty of Paris, signed on January 6, 1810, ended the
warThe First War against Napoleon or the Pomeranian War, was the first involvement by Sweden in the Napoleonic Wars.In 1804 the Swedish government broke diplomatic ties with France after the execution of Louis-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Condé and concluded a convention allowing the British to use...
between
FranceFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
and
SwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
after Sweden's defeat by
RussiaRussia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, an ally of France, in the
Finnish WarThe Finnish War was fought between Sweden and Russia from February 1808 to September 1809. As a result of the war, the eastern third of Sweden was established as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland within the Russian Empire...
of 1808-1809. Russia had previously been an ally of Sweden in the Third and
FourthThe Fourth Coalition against Napoleon's French Empire was defeated in a war spanning 1806–1807. Coalition partners included Prussia, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and the United Kingdom....
Coalitions against France, but after Russia's defeat at
FriedlandThe Battle of Friedland saw Napoleon Bonaparte's French army decisively defeat Count von Bennigsen's Russian army about twenty-seven miles southeast of Königsberg...
, she joined France and attacked Sweden so as to compel her to join
Napoleon'sNapoleon Bonaparte later known as Napoleon I, and previously Napoleone di Buonaparte, was a military and political leader of France whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century.Born in Corsica and trained as an artillery officer in mainland France, Bonaparte rose to prominence...
Continental SystemThe Continental System was the foreign policy of Napoleon I of France in his struggle against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland during the Napoleonic Wars...
. Indeed, the primary result of the treaty was Sweden's agreement to join the Continental System.
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The
Treaty of Paris, signed on January 6, 1810, ended the
warThe First War against Napoleon or the Pomeranian War, was the first involvement by Sweden in the Napoleonic Wars.In 1804 the Swedish government broke diplomatic ties with France after the execution of Louis-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Condé and concluded a convention allowing the British to use...
between
FranceFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
and
SwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
after Sweden's defeat by
RussiaRussia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, an ally of France, in the
Finnish WarThe Finnish War was fought between Sweden and Russia from February 1808 to September 1809. As a result of the war, the eastern third of Sweden was established as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland within the Russian Empire...
of 1808-1809. Russia had previously been an ally of Sweden in the Third and
FourthThe Fourth Coalition against Napoleon's French Empire was defeated in a war spanning 1806–1807. Coalition partners included Prussia, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and the United Kingdom....
Coalitions against France, but after Russia's defeat at
FriedlandThe Battle of Friedland saw Napoleon Bonaparte's French army decisively defeat Count von Bennigsen's Russian army about twenty-seven miles southeast of Königsberg...
, she joined France and attacked Sweden so as to compel her to join
Napoleon'sNapoleon Bonaparte later known as Napoleon I, and previously Napoleone di Buonaparte, was a military and political leader of France whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century.Born in Corsica and trained as an artillery officer in mainland France, Bonaparte rose to prominence...
Continental SystemThe Continental System was the foreign policy of Napoleon I of France in his struggle against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland during the Napoleonic Wars...
. Indeed, the primary result of the treaty was Sweden's agreement to join the Continental System. Shortly after the treaty was signed, on August 21, 1810, one of Napoleon's marshals, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, was elected crown prince of Sweden, and he went on to found the House of Bernadotte, which remains the
Royal HouseA royal house or royal dynasty is a familial designation, or family name of sorts, used by royalty. It generally represents the members of a family in various senior and junior or cadet branches, who are loosely related but not necessarily of the same immediate kin...
of Sweden. The peace resulting from the treaty lasted until Napoleon's refusal to permit Sweden to annex
NorwayNorway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a country in Northern Europe occupying the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, as well as Jan Mayen and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard under the Spitsbergen Treaty...
, which was then under the sovereignty of
DenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe and the senior member of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries; southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and it is bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea...
, an ally of France. This was followed in January of 1812 by French occupation of Swedish Pomerania for violation of the Continental System and, in April, Sweden's conclusion of the Treaty of Petersburg with Russia against France.
See also
- Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of conflicts declared against Napoleon's French Empire and changing sets of European allies by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionized European armies and played...
- First War against Napoleon
The First War against Napoleon or the Pomeranian War, was the first involvement by Sweden in the Napoleonic Wars.In 1804 the Swedish government broke diplomatic ties with France after the execution of Louis-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Condé and concluded a convention allowing the British to use...
- Second War against Napoleon
The Second War against Napoleon was the second involvement by Sweden in the Napoleonic Wars.On January 9 1812, French troops occupied Swedish Pomerania to end the illegal trade with England from Sweden. The Swedish administration was replaced by a French one, the Swedish estates were confiscated...
- Treaty of Paris (1814)
The Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 May, 1814, ended the war between France and the Sixth Coalition.The Treaty of Paris of 1814 was one of two which ended the wars of the Napoleonic era...
- Treaty of Paris (1815)
Treaty of Paris of 1815, was signed on 20 November 1815 following the defeat and second abdication of Napoleon Bonaparte. In February, Napoleon had escaped from his exile on Elba; he entered Paris on 20 March, beginning the Hundred Days of his restored rule. Four days after France's defeat in the...